Vaccination ki te mate pneumococcal ki tamariki: te tauhohenga me te urupare

E ai ki WHO, pneumococci maha riro māngai o mate kitakita i roto i te tangata. I teie mahana, tatauranga ko e te rauropi ko te take o te mate mo te 1.2 miriona. Tangata puta noa i te tau. O tenei tau o te iwi neke atu i te 40% he tamariki i raro i te 5 tau o tau. O te pera-ka karanga kakā riro-hapori, te maha o nei i roto i te kotahi Russian me te hawhe miriona te tau, ki runga ki te 75% o ngā take o ngā pakeke kōkiri enei microorganisms - pneumococci. Ki te whakaaro ki ngā tamariki i roto i te rōpū tau o runga ki te 5 tau, i reira te mea he ōrau o te whai wāhitanga i roto i te tukanga o te pneumococci tae 90.

tamariki katoa whiwhi otitis mate ki rerekē nekehanga o te pakeke. Tata tīmataria 30-35% o te wā katoa o pāpāho otitis whakapeka i roto i tūroro taitamariki e pneumococci. Kei te āhuatanga e ratou rere mahara nui ki te tūponotanga nui enei mate o perforation o te torino. Mea pinepine e taea e koe te whakarongo i tohunga e pā ana ki te whanaketanga orthogene pōauautanga intracranial, ki te pehea e o e kia kawea i roto i pinepine nui tympanostomy. Ko te tukanga ko te wawaotanga hāparapara ki remediation o te kōhao taringa waenga, me te whakaora i te tūranga o te wheua taringa waenga.

Vaccination ki te mate pneumococcal i roto i ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki tino e taea te whakapai ake i te āhuatanga ki te pā o tenei initiator.

mate Pneumococcal: ko wai te mea e?

Streptococcus pneumoniae Ko tetahi o nga wae o te microflora noa o te pūnaha romahā o runga o te tangata hauora. Whakatika ki te 70% o te taupori - tautoko reira tetahi atu ranei momo o moroiti. I roto i ngā tamariki, te taumata o te 'tata' he tiketike ake i roto i ngā pakeke. Ko te taumata mōrahi o te hariata o te hunga e ora, mahi me te tupu i roto i ngā rōpū (kura-i mua, me te whare mātauranga, ngā rōpū mahi, me ētahi atu).

tito tenei rauropi e o te capsule hukarau e he taea ki te pehi i te whanaketanga o te wātea i te mate i roto i ngā tamariki teina atu i te 2 tau. I teie mahana, e matau pūtaiao e pā ana ki te oraraa o 84 momoroto o pneumococcus. Ki te whanaketanga o te wā o paturopi he tino kua meinga microbe kinokore streptococcus pneumoniae he tika pukuriri microorganisms ātete ki taero paturopi nuinga tuku iho. Ko te taumata o te ātete ki te rongoā paturopi ko inaianei a tawhio 50%, ki chloramphenicol me te tetracycline - 30%. Mai te mea whanui nui te rōpū rongoā paturopi o paturopi, na e kore ratou e waiho whai hua i te whakaparu kaiao pērā i pneumococcus. Vaccination i roto i ngā take pēnei i - anake te ara ki te riro ki te parekura iti i roto i te whawhai ki tenei moroiti. Ko reira utu te whakahua e te tikanga whakawhanake tino hohoro (te tikanga kore ake atu i te 3 ra) te mate, me te wa ki te mahi i te rangahau i runga i te whakamāramatanga o te tohu o te tūtohutanga ki etahi momo o paturopi kore e kitea.

Na kei te hoko i te pātai ātete pneumococcal ki paturopi piki nui, kei te hoko i te reira atu a atu kōhukihuki raruraru.

He aha kano e whakamahia?

I tēnei wā, Russia whakamahia e rua ngā momo o kano mo te tukanga pērā i werohanga ki te mate pneumococcal: hukarau me conjugated ki formulations pūmua.

Ko te rōpū tuatahi (hukarau) he kano pai mohiotia Pneumo-23 (sanofipaster). Ko te otinga ko te ranunga o 23 o hukarau e purea ana i serotypes nui rite. Tenei rōpū o serotypes taea te pēnei humarie 90% o nga tu ke i te toto, me te nuinga o te taumahatanga tāutuhia i roto i te rohe o Russia nui. Na i te wā o te rēhitatanga ko tetahi kano rite - ". Pneumovax-23"

Mai i te puka o kano conjugated i Russia i rēhita mana me he wā i roto i te whakamahi "Prevenar 7". E whitu serotypes ngā i roto i tona hanganga, ngā kua 87% o tu ke pneumococcal i tamariki kino i te United States me etahi atu whenua. Nā ki te meka e serotipovaya pikitia i roto i te United States me Russia ko ngā te taua, ka taea e tatou amo e ka ano "Prevenar 7" kia whai hua i roto i te Russian Federation, me rite i roto i te Hau Amui no Marite.

Ko te whānuitanga tau mo te werohanga ki pneumococcus

"Pneumo-23" mo te werohanga whakahaerea nei kotahi subcutaneously intramuscularly ranei. Ka taea te kano tīmata i 2-hletnego tau, inenga - 0.5 ml. Ka taea te kawea Re-werohanga i kore mua atu i muri i te 3 tau i muri i te werohanga whakamutunga.

Vaccination ki te mate pneumococcal ki ngā tamariki te whakamahi i "Prevenar 7" Ko taea ki te 2-hmesyachnogo tau. kawea Vaccination i roto i roto i te whakarara ki te DTP (i roto i te 3 wāhanga). kia whakahaere Revaccination i roto i te tamaiti 1.5 tau te pakeke. Heoi, i tenei momo o te kano, i reira e rave rahi tauari o werohanga. He he kōrero i runga i te whai huatanga o te werohanga i roto i te 2 ngā wāhanga (i roto i 2 te tau-hawhe), aru e te booster. e wātea ana hoki ki te kaupapa werohanga i roto i te 2 ngā wāhanga i roto i te rua o nga tau o te ora, a kotahi hoki te wā o te 2 ki te 5 tau.

Ko te taumata o kano hukarau tiaki

miramira High i roto i te ārai o te kakā whakakitea he kano ki te mate pneumococcal. Reviews nga mana tauanga mea e pā ana ki 80 ia te tiaki ōrau. tūtohu Tohunga-epidemiologists werohanga ki "Pneumo-23" iwi 18 ki te 21 tau te pakeke i roto i ngā rōpū nui me ngā rōpū (pērā i ngā waeine hōia). I muri i te tetahi wā o te wā (2 ki te 5 marama) i muri i te werohanga taea e titau i te hekenga i roto i te pā o te mate romahā whakapeka i roto i te moni neke atu i te 2-puninga, Bronchitis - ki runga ki te 13 nga wa, kakā - e kore e iti iho i te 6 ngā wā. I roto i te kakā uaua, meningitis me ētahi atu momo o pneumococcal awhe ōrau mate tōtika kitakita i 56 ki te 81.

Ko te taumata o te whai huatanga o te tukanga pērā i werohanga ki pneumococcus, pānga te tau o vaccinees. I roto i te rōpū ki runga tau ki 55 tau, ko 93% te ahua, i 55 ki te 64 tau i te heke haere te pai ki te 88%. Ko te taumata o te tiaki ki pneumococcus i roto i te tau i te 65 tau ki te 74 - 80%, i runga i 75 tau o te tau - 67%.

Hoki tūroro mate i mate Cardiovascular me broncho-pūkahukahu, he āhua te taumata o te tiaki me te kano hukarau (ngā "pneumo-23") 69% (rite i roto i te tangata hauora). Whakaaturia te tohu tiketike o te tōtika o te kano taua ka whakamahia i roto i ngā tamariki ngā rōpū. E whakaatu ana mahi pai "Pneumo-23" i roto i ngā ki kano rewharewha.

No nia i te tahi atu kano whakaurua i roto i Russian - "Pneumovax-23" - e taea te mea e tona miramira mō te iwi ki te mate huka, ko te 84%, me te ischemia - 73%. Hoki tūroro e mate ana i te kore ngakau, tenei ōrau ko 69, me pūkahukahu te raru, me te huangō - 65 mo nga tangata i roto i te rōpū pakeke i runga i te 65 tau o te whai huatanga o te tarukino whangai ki 75%.

Ko te taumata o kano haumi tiaki

Ki te whakamahi o te haumi werohanga kano ki te mate pneumococcal mō ngā tamariki whakakitea he nui rawa o te pai. Tino heke te maha e kore anake o uru hōhipera o tamariki ki kakā o tetahi take, engari ano hoki te auau o ngā toronga tūroro ki te tākuta. Tino pai ake te āhuatanga atu tahumaero kiriuhi pneumococcal.

E tino ātete ki te rongoā paturopi Pneumococci. "Prevenar-23" taea ki te tiaki ki taumahatanga ki pūmautanga takawaenga, me te tiketike, ko te he 80-100%. I tua atu, i tenei kano ki te pai nui ngā ki te rahi o te rewharewha.

E ai ki te Health Organization World, te whakamahi o te kano haumi mo te tukanga pērā i te werohanga ki te mate pneumococcal mō ngā tamariki (ora katoa i roto i te 72 whenua whakawhanake huri noa te ao), e taea te ārai ki runga ki te 407.000 mate ia tau.

tauhohe pea ki te werohanga

E whakaaetia Vaccination ki mataotao mate pneumococcal ki te mahi i tetahi wa o te tau me te ngā ki tetahi atu kano (hanga he okotahi te anake hoki BCG). I te whakahaere o ngā momo e rua o kano ki etahi whakautu pneumococci taea i te tinana tangata. I te "Pneumo-23" i roto i te tūroro takitahi kia puta tauhohenga rohe i roto i te puka o te whero, mamae. Ko te kaha o te tauhohenga ko te tikanga ngoikore, me te taea muri ake ki te 48 haora. Vaccination ki tamaiti pneumococcal (arotake o kaimahi hauora me ngā mātua i roto i te whakaaetanga i runga i tenei ira) i roto i ētahi wā (e kore e maha) e taea meinga he hikaka, mamae i roto i te hononga.

He take i reira tūroro ki te purapura thrombocytopenic idiopathic (i roto i te wāhanga ata) i muri i te wā o i 2 ki te 14 nga ra, whakawhanakehia auau whakawhānui ake ki te 2 wiki. Ko reira tino onge ki te rongo e pā ana ki ngā āhua anaphylactic.

Ko te kano "Prevenar" āhuatanga e tolerability o te tamariki pai. he kano pērā ki pōauautanga mate pneumococcal (e korero tatou e pā ana ki tetahi raruraru nui), ka rite ki te tikanga, e kore e meinga. Heoi, tino maha whakakitea rite tauhohe rohe kārangirangi, disorders moe, whero paetata me pupuhi, hua i roto i te pāmahana tinana ki te 38 C. He maha iti o ngā tamariki (e pā ana ki 5%), kia ara te pāmahana i runga 39˚ C.

He reira tetahi contraindications ki werohanga ki pneumococcus?

e kore te mea Tetahi contraindications whānui motuhake ranei ki te werohanga mo tetahi o nga kano, anake e te tauhohenga ki te kano mate pneumococcal i roto i te wa o mua. He etahi tūtohutanga i runga i te whakamahi o Immunology "Pneumo-23" kore te mea iti iho i te 10 nga ra i te aroaro o te akoranga o te therapy immunosuppressive tīmata. Kore ki te whai i enei tohutohu kia whakatairanga i te hekenga i roto i ngā taumata antibody.

E whakaaetia Vaccination o kaimahi hauora wahine hapu anake i runga i te huatū whakamutunga. Heoi, kore e tino āhei, e tūtohu ana ki te pehi i tenei tukanga.

Ko te pā o te mate pneumococcal: he rōpū o tūpono

Whakarerenga o te hātepe pērā i te werohanga ki te mate pneumococcal? fifi hoki etahi rōpū o te iwi e taea meinga nui atu i tona haerea. tūtohu tohunga iwi tika werohia i runga i te tau o 65. I roto i te tahi mau whenua whakawhanakehia, werohanga o tenei rōpū tau ki te paetukutuku o ngā tukanga whakahauanga.

Kia werohia ki pneumococcal ngoikore, e mate ana, me te kaupapa ki te hohipera o iwi ki te mate huka, Bronchitis, hē i roto i te mahi cardiac me romahā, te mahi o te ate.

Me he werohanga ki pneumococcus (paramedics arotake - taunakitanga o) iwi ki ngoikore ngā pūnaha ārai mate. Here i tūroro mōrearea nei i tapuraa pehia mo te tango o te kōateate, te mamae i syndrome nephrotic, anemia toronaihi pūtau-. Ano hoki, i tenei rōpū ngā iwi e kua turuturu inu tuaiwi.

A, o te akoranga, e kore e wareware e pā ana ki te whakatupuranga tipu. Wero tamariki e mate ana (tae atu te hunga huaketo ki kohi) tūtohutia, tae i roto i ngā rōpū nui (nesilií, kindergarten, kura). C. 2-hletnego podiatrists tau tohutohu ki te patiaraa tūroro tei roohia liquorrhea, asplenic, hē o ngā wāhanga ngä e kua haere te tikanga o te rawatia ētehi koko.

Vaccination ki te mate pneumococcal mō ngā tamariki tino e taea te whakaiti i te kaha o te mate, me te whakaiti i te tahuti nei i tenei moroiti e wehingia ana.

E ai ki ngaio hauora, tūroro, ngā mātua

pediatricians whakaaro, ngaio hauora i roto i te maha atu mara o rongoā i runga i tenei pātai tapitapi ore - werohanga ki te mate pneumococcal (pērā i arotake e pā ana ki e he rawa rangirua taha o townsfolk noa) - e hiahiatia te. Doctors whakaaro tenei tikanga o te tiaki whai hua te nuinga i roto i te whawhai ki mate papatipu rawa rerekē Etymology. Ko reira tonu māmā me iti utu ki te ārai i te mate atu i ki te tango rongoā (neke atu i te kotahi, a te nuinga o te maha ranei tino ta'efakatupu) ki te whakahaere me te nuinga o te mate, me ona nunu'a me pōauautanga.

I roto i te mau metua tākuta tamariki tūtohutanga kaha i runga i werohanga ki pneumococcus kore e whakaoho tonu. He tangata ohie, e kore te tākuta, te whakawhetai ki te pāpāho "mo tino mohio" e he maha rawa taumahatanga o pneumococcus, a ka tiaki ranei te kano te tamaiti, tūtohutia nei e ngā tākuta - te pātai nui. Ahakoa te nuinga o ngā mātua nui ahu tonu ki te whakarongo ki te whakaaro o te mātanga, me te amohia e werohanga.

Mai i te wā wa ki taea rongo koe e werohanga ki te mate pneumococcal, pōauautanga o nei ngā roto i te whakatairanga i kore i whai hua te pāmahana - he mate tonu te tamaiti. I roto i te wā, pērā i te mea e tika ana ki te whakarongo ki te kaha o te mate. Ki te te te maremare te tamaiti, i ia he pāmahana ki runga ki te 38 nga nekehanga, a ko ia e mate ana 7 ra - he mārama tenei. Te kore werohanga nunu'a taea e nui kino, Bronchitis, kakā, hohipera, e kore e maha raau taero te māmā, me i te iti rawa 21 ra o te maimoatanga.

Komititanga ake

arata'i mate Pneumococcal huri noa te ao mo te whanaketanga o te mate romahā whakapeka, mate pūkahukahu taunutia, me ētahi atu A i tenei ra, i roto i te hou nui-tech tau, te auau te tahuti nei i tenei moroiti he tiketike nui. Na reira, ko te wahi o te werohanga mātua ki te tamaiti pneumococcus (urupare - e kore te ahua o te mōhiohio e kia arahina i roto i te wā pērā) - ko ha faingamālie ki te tiaki i tana tamaiti, ki te ārai i te whanaketanga o mate nui i raro i tawhiti-tikina, e kore e whai kahore taunakitanga raro iho, pretexts tenei.