Vaccination ki mate kiriuhi. He tika kano?

mate kiriuhi - he mate i roto i e taea te huakita whakanuia meinga mate nui. I roto i ngā, meningitis, sepsis, nasopharyngitis, kakā, pakohu kakā meningococcemia ranei.

kiriuhi

Meningitis - mate kiriuhi, e taea kia o rua nga puka: tuatahi, me te tuarua. I roto i te take tuatahi huakita pathogenic tomo te tinana i rūrūtia mahino. Na roto i korokoro te a ka i roto i te arai toto-roro - i roto i te kiriuhi roro. kia purulent serous ranei taua mate.

A, no te meningitis serous ko te haaputuputuraa o lymphocytes i roto i te inu cerebrospinal. Kei te meinga te reira e te huakita ranei huaketo, kohi whakaongaonga. A, no te purulent meningitis i roto i te inu cerebrospinal ko te haaputuputuraa o neutrophils. Tenei tupu e tika ana ki te huakita. Fele kiriuhi A me C. Tata 40% o te wā tīmata o te rewharewha kukuti B. A 2 anake% i te kakā.

I roto i te meningitis Tuarua pānga te wahi romahā, pū māngai, taringa salivary ranei repe. kia wheako koe tohu o mate pērā i kakā mate enteric ranei. Na ô te huakita i roto i te waitinana me toto, meinga mumura o te roro. Ko te take tuarua te meningitis staphylococci, streptococci, coli Escherichia, harore Candida, huaketo, Salmonella, me ētahi atu tukumate.

He reira he urutā?

kitea pōrutu o mate kiriuhi i roto i Russia i 1968. kua tino auau Kēhi. Na reira, ko te reira werohanga akiaki ki te mate kiriuhi. Ko he urutā tūturu. Ko te whakawhetai ki te werohanga, reira āta haere mai ki noa iho. A inaianei, e kore e te mate puta rawa maha. Hei tauira, i roto i 2000, rau o nga mano o mua i 8 pangia.

He ngoikore ake ki tenei mate tamariki. Na takoto te take i roto i te kore o te werohanga. Engari kia nasopharyngitis rerekē etiology, a te wehe i te reira te tahi mau taime āhua uaua i tetahi atu mate. Na reira, ko te pātai o mehemea kano he tika mo te meningitis, te whakahoki, ko te ae. Ko te Prevention pai te tīmatanga atu ki a ia mo te wa roa ki te whakaora.

He aha te mea mate kiriuhi?

Ko te kaihoko pūtake o te mate kiriuhi - te huakita Neisseria meningitides. Ka taea e te mate puta i roto i te maha o puka. Nuinga o ngā wā i roto i te puka o te meningitis (mumura o te meninges). Tukumate (meningococcus Vekselbauma) ko te diplococcus Gram-kino. e kore e whai te reira i capsules me flagella, he tautauā. e kore e hanga i te reira i pua. Ko te pāmahana tino arotau mō te tipu o huakita - 37 nekehanga.

Hea kiriuhi mate kitea te?

Puta mate kiriuhi i roto i nga whenua katoa. Ko te pā teitei - i roto i te Central me Africa Te Hau-ā-uru. I roto i Russia wahia e rave rahi taime i roto i whitiki iti o mate. Na reira, e hiahiatia ana werohanga ki te mate kiriuhi te ki e kore kua mate tangohia te ahua o te urutā.

Fifi o te kiriuhi

Ko te tino kino te mate. Ki te kore kua i werohia wa ki te mate, e taea ai te pōauautanga nui. E mea pinepine e kawea mai e ratou ki te putanga mate. Ki te kore e wa whakaora meningitis, taea arahi i te reira ki te hauātanga. haere mai fifi i roto i te maha o ngā momo:

• haaparuparu whakapeka, ara, edema roro, infarction kaka, ventriculitis. Haunga te runga ake maha whakatika effusion subdural, occlusion me takarepa syndrome excretion ADH.
• extracerebral whakapeka. kia taka tūroro meningitis ki te āhua o te ru. Puta ICE me hemorrhagic syndromes, suka, maroketanga, rumati, kakā. Ka taea e Kiriuhi pā te wahi gastrointestinal (tuwhenua, gastritis).
• pōauautanga Late. Ko ētahi o ēnei wairoro, ataxia, turi, matapo, arachnoiditis whēwhē-piripiri. Ko te fifi o te meningitis taea meinga atrophy o te faatae te, roro whēwhē, pōrearea o te rapae o mārōrō,. I roto i te mutunga o pōauautanga puta mate neurological, ki runga ki te tupu. I te tahi taime i reira he mate huka. I roto i te wā matatau - pōroa.

He aha e kano?

I roto i Russia, i roto i te tikanga ki te ārai i te mate e whakamahia tino nuitia kano tāwāhi ki te mate kiriuhi "Kiriuhi A + C." Domestic ranei A me C. Ko te kano e kei W-135 me Y, honoa manene anake, mahue i roto i Mecca. e kore te kei roto rōpū kiriuhi whakamahia whānui. He immunogenicity iti, me te kua he maha o tikanga e antigenic e kia meinga pānga taha me pōauautanga.

Ki te karo mumura o te roro e werohia ki te mate kiriuhi. kia rerekē te ingoa, no te mea e kore e whakapumautia te kano kotahi, "Ture-Hib," "Hiberiks", "Temp-Ture-Hib," "Pentaxim" me te maha o ētahi atu. Ka taea e koe te tiki ia ratou mo te kore utu i roto i te matua, i roto i tata tetahi whare hauora tāone. Pono, e etahi hokona anake hoki te moni a taea kia tino utu.

Hoki te ārai o te meningitis pneumococcal kano «Pneumo-23 whakamahia" te. Kei te hanga te reira i roto i France. kano Free E anake mō ngā tamariki, arā, i roto i te rōpū mōrea. Tangata katoa atu e hiahia - mo te utu. Enei täpiritanga whakaiti te mōrea o te mate e kore e anake meningitis, engari ano hoki he maha o te tahi atu mate (sepsis, kakā, me ētahi atu D.).

A, no te a nei kano mahi?

Kano e kua whakamahia tino maha i roto i polysaccharides. E whakahaere ratou ki tamariki i te 2 tau. Ka taea e taua kano tiaki i te tamaiti mō te 3 tau. Ko atu pinepine (neke atu i te 50% o ngā take), te kiriuhi ua tupu i roto i ngā tamariki raro i te rua tau. kano ratou ki te whakautu ārai ngoikore. Kei te whakamahia te kano ki te rōpū A kiriuhi anake mō ngā tamariki pakeke ake i te kotahi tau, rōpū C - anake noa te tau o rua. mahi täpiritanga te kotahi anake.

He reira he kano ki meningitis mō kohungahunga?

I kano mō kohungahunga he haere tonu te mahi. Ahakoa iti kua pai whakapumautia serotype C. werohanga Nā ki tenei kano meningitis pā e 76%. Tamariki raro i te rua tau o te tau - 90%. Mahi he tīmata i runga i te kano ngā, e me i roto i te serotype meningococcus 4 inaianei. I mua werohanga he tika ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta. Kaua e whiriwhiri i te kano ki te tamaiti i runga i to ratou ake, kahore kōrero i te mātanga.

Kaua Me ahau ki kia werohia ki te mate kiriuhi?

Vaccination ki te mate kiriuhi he hoki te ārai kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te hui o urutā. Ko te tikanga i te kano te whakamahia "A + C" tomo nei te ka tūponotanga urutā. Honoa te taupori katoa, e ora i roto i te pātata kino ki te arotahi o te mate. Ko te paepae urutā i roto i tetahi whenua o to koutou ake. Ki te riro atu atu i tetahi tau whakaritea te mate, he tika te werohanga o te taupori.

Ko rawa pono mō ngā tamariki tenei. whakaritea te wā werohanga te aua ki te maramataka werohanga motuhake. E ai ki a ia, kua meinga ratou mo tamariki mo e rua nga tau o tau, taiohi me ngā pakeke ki te puta ake pakarutanga o mate kiriuhi, meinga nei e te huakita i serogroups A me C.

I tua atu i te hunga i kaha ake te tūpono o te mate. ngā ākonga kura tuatahi e noho i roto i te Kuranoho kura me orphanages i roto i te noho whānau. Ko te taua pā ki ngā tamariki i te mau utuafare rawakore, te wahi e takahi tikanga parukore. Mai meningitis ara e taea te tiki mate i te ringa paru hua ranei. Na reira, ko te hanganga o kano huinga, ngā hoki ngā pēpi, he tika.

kano hukarau

Ka rite ki whakahuatia i runga ake, fele "A + C" founga hoko whakamahia mō te werohanga. I roto i te wāhi i werohia, i reira he etahi mamae me te hyperemia (te nuinga 5% honoa). More uaua puta kirika tonu o e te mo te 1.5 ra. Ki etahi kano, e kore e whakatika i te reira i te katoa. Mōrahi - whero i te pae o te Typhoid. E contraindicated kano anake mō te iwi e mate ana i mate mau mate pāwera ki te kai i roto i roto i a ratou ranei.

E hiahia ana ahau i te werohanga ki te mate kiriuhi?

I roto i te Russia etahi tau i mua whakaurua matou werohanga herea ki kiriuhi. whakatika tika ki te huakita, e kiia nei ko "influenzae kukuti" te mate. kia meinga te reira i te meningitis kore anake. A mo te tauira, mate taringa, kakā, me pakohu kakā. Heoi, e kore e ti'a ia tatou e wareware e taea meningitis meinga kore influenzae kukuti anake, engari ano hoki maha atu papapūata.

kawea Vaccination ki tenei mate i roto i roto i nga whenua katoa o te ao. Mumura o te roro e taea arahi ki te mate. E hanga Inoculations rite ki maramataka paerewa hauora wā kotahi werohanga ki DTP. Kei roto kano nāianei wāhanga o mate Hib. Rewharewha kukuti, rite nga kairangahau kitea, i taea e ono momo. Ko te tino kino ki papapūata tangata he momo B. Ko te tikanga kano kei roto wāhanga o te mate ki te whakawhanake i wātea i te mate paruru.

meningitis mate (rewharewha kukuti) he tino kino mō ngā tamariki i raro i te tau o te 5 tau. Na ka wero hanga reira kahore tikanga, no te mea ki te tau hua te pūnaha ārai mate i roto i te tangata kei te aunoa. Ahakoa tino tiaki kore e taea e te iwi i te kiriuhi ua kia mate. tino anake taea e koe te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o hopu i te reira. Fakatukupaa'i ngā momo o meningitis, a he ahei o te pneumococcus. Ko e tenei microbe vai kano. Ko te huakita tino mōrearea e meinga maha mumura o te roro, e mohiotia ana ko meningococcus.

Ki te reira i whakapā ki te manawanui

Me ki kia kano ki te ārai i kakā. Kei te whakahaere immunoglobulin ki ngā tamariki i raro i te 7 tau, engari e kore i muri atu i te wiki i muri i te rongo. Ko te kupu tamaiti 2 pakeke whakaritea e 1.5 ml me pakeke - 3 kano ml. Ki te te tangata ko te kaikawe o te mate, te chemoprophylaxis hoki wha ra. Ki te he reira he pakeke, kua whakaritea e te reira rifampicin rua he ra mo te 0.3 karamu.

E hanga kano ki meningitis i mua, kahore tatari hoki riro mate te tangata. Engari o ampicillin whakamahia amoxicillin. E ia he pānga nui i runga i huakita. I roto i te whenua maha whakahau kano ki te hunga katoa i whakapā ki tūroro. kawea Vaccination i roto i roto i rua ra. Whakatika ki te tau - i te 5 ki te 10 mg / kg ia ra, i te tau kotahi ki te 12 tau - 10 mg / kg ia ra, ranei hanga kotahi pere "Ceftriaxone" 200 mg. Ēnei kano i te nui pānga rite kore anake ārai meningitis, engari ano hoki i roto i te whakapā ki te tūroro mate kiriuhi. Ka taea e te meningitis Tuarua puta puta noa i te marama. Ki te karo i tenei, i roto i te 5 ra tuatahi i muri i te whakapā ki te tangata mate kia whiwhi kano ki te ārai i te mate.