Te Pākehā Central Bank (ECB). Ko te mahi o te Pākehā Central Bank

Pākehā Central Bank - ko te taha pokapū o te Pākehā Union me te Eurozone. Kei te mohiotia te reira i rite te pēke tino motuhake i roto i te ao. Ko tenei whare pūtea kua te tika tonu ki te whakatau i runga i tetahi take e pā ana ki te ūropi. whakaturia MoE i 1998. Ko te peresideni tuatahi o te whare pūtea Wim Duisenberg, nei i whiriwhiria mo te wā o te 5 tau. I roto i te Oketopa 2003, rite te peresideni hou ka mau a Jean-Klod Trishe. I teie mahana, te tūranga ārahi no ki Mario Draghi.

kōrero

I muri i te Tuarua timata Pakanga o te Ao te whakakotahitanga o Europe. Hohea te te hanga, me te hanganga o te wāhi mākete kotahi. I roto i te wā i 1947 ki te tau 1957, i tutuki pai whakamana ai i roto i te tuitui o te rohe ki te putanga whakarara o State o te Pākehā Utu Union. I 1957, i reira ko te rōpū o te whenua Pākehā nui rawa i roto i te Pākehā Economic Community. I roto i te 1979, whakaurua te EEC moni here - ECU - no te whakataunga i kotahi e here ana ki te kete o Moni Pākehā. Ko te memoriara i runga i te hanganga o te rohe moni Pākehā, me te ECB kua hainatia, kua i roto i te tau 1988. puta CB "Central Pākehā Bank" i muri i te hainatanga i roto i 1992 i runga i te rohe o Maahstrihta tiriti ao te whakatū i te Pākehā Union, me te i muri i te hanganga o te Pākehā Monetary Institute, i i te kawenga mō te faaineine i te whakawhiti ki te moni kotahi - te ūropi.

Waho me te hanganga ā-

Te Pākehā Central Bank he rōpū whakahaere ahurei. Kei roto te reira i māngai i ia o te EU Mema States. Pātai mo te mahi o te whare pūtea, ngä päpätanga huamoni, ngā kōrero promissory me ētahi atu mea, āta te Directorate o pūtahi, me te Poari o Kawana. Kei te whakahaere o 6 iwi, ki te tiamana o te pēke, ko tona tuarua, urutomo. Poari okana tīpakohia mō te wā-waru. E tohua, ka whakaaro e te Pākehā Pāremata me nga kau taki o nga āhua e he wahi o te rohe ūropi kōharinga mo te wahi i roto i te Directorate. Ko te ECB Ko te mema o te Pūnaha Pākehā o Central Banks, e ngā National Bank o te Pākehā Union. E whakahaerehia ana te pūnaha ao i runga i te hātepe taumata-rua. Tetahi pātai ki te faatura ki kaupapa here moni kia noho anake i roto i te kaupapa i tae whakaaetanga i runga i ia o nga taumata.

Overview

Central Pākehā Bank mai i töna tïmatanga i Germany, i Frankfurt, piri i raro i te ārahitanga o te pūnaha katoa o tahatika pokapū Pākehā. Kei te hanganga hanganga:

• Bank o Belgium.
• Bundensbank.
• Bank o Kariki.
• Ko te Bank o Spain.
• Ko te Bank o France.
• Luxembourg Monetary Institute.

Ko te mana o te hinonga ture ko anake te ECB, ētahi atu whare pūtea katoa ngā i roto i te pūnaha ki te takaro i te tūranga o ngā waeine ngaahi houalotú. Ratou mahi iti. Ko te whakaaro matua ko te ki te ārai i te ECB tiu utu, me te stabilization o te pikinga, e kore me e nui 2%. Tetahi whakatau me ngā mahi o te pēke i te pānga tika i runga i te auau utu ūropi ki ētahi atu moni o te ao. rerekē Sharp ai te huringa i roto i te auau huamoni me te taurewa ki Mema States Union.

He aha e te ECB?

mahi Central Pākehā Bank mahi tino maha:

• Whanaketanga me te whakatinanatanga o te kaupapa here moni i roto i te rohe o te rohe ūropi.
• Haumarutanga, te whanaketanga me te whakahaere o nga rāhui utu o te kāwanatanga o te pā ūropi-rohe.
• Putanga o ūropi.
• Tautuhi ngä päpätanga huamoni.
• Whakarite pūmautanga utu i roto i te rohe ūropi.

Tohu o te ECB ko te taupū o te utu o taonga mo kiritaki puta noa te EU me te rahi o te supply moni, e kore e waiho hua neke atu i 4.5% i roto i te tau.

päpätanga huamoni matua o te pēke

Ko te mahi o te Pākehā Central Bank uhi i te tāututanga me te moni reiti. Ka taea e ngä päpätanga huamoni kia o e toru ngā momo:

• Ko te auau refinancing. Ko te auau huamoni, e whakatau i te uara iti o nga tono mo te attraction o ngā rauemi rauemi i roto i te ngawari puritia e te ECB tenei.
• Ko te auau huamoni i runga i putunga. Ko te auau huamoni, i te mea te turanga, ka whakatakoto moni e wātea ana i roto i ngā whare o te ECB tenei. Auau mahi rite te rohe raro o ngä päpätanga huamoni i runga i te mākete pō.
• auau haurokuroku i runga i loans - ko te tere i ai pareparenga i te hanganga o te ESS, ka taea e te tiki e koe he taurewa, i te mea e tika ana ki te mau tonu tere wā-poto. auau akeake whai te tūranga o te rohe o runga o te whānuitanga i roto i te rārangi ki te päpätanga huamoni mākete te pō.

Na roto i te tāuta i enei momo o reiti, hanga te Pākehā Central Bank tono supply o moni ranei, whakarite tona pūmautanga me whakahaere kapewhiti i roto i te rohe.

kai General

Te Pākehā Central Bank ko te mātauranga ture ahurei, nei mahi e hāngai ana i runga i whakaaetanga ao. Ko te whakapaipai mana o ko te faanahoraa i te wa o tona hanganga rite ki te 5 piriona euros. I roto i te tūranga o ngā kaipupuri hea ko te pareparenga nui i roto i Europe. Tiamana "Bundesbank" whai wāhi 18.9% o te whakapaipai, te Bank o France - 14.2%, Italy Bank - 12.5%, Bank o Spain - 8.3%. Ko te toenga o te Central Bank o whenua Pākehā i waenganui i 0.1%, me te 3.9% o te whakapaipai hea tuatahi. Tataki te whare pūtea o te poari whakahaere, i whakahuatia i runga ake, - te matenga o tona tu peresideni o te Pākehā Central Bank. Ko te āhuatanga matua o te whakahaere pūtea - ko te mana motuhake oti. I te wa ano herenga te evanelia e ki te tuku ia tau te pūrongo i runga i ona mahi ki te Pākehā Pāremata, Pākehā Commission, Kaunihera o te Pākehā Union me te Kaunihera o Europe.

Kaupapahere wāhanga

Hei whakatutuki i ona whāinga nga taputapu whakamahi ECB pērā i taurewa stabilization me auctions mōkete, ngā mahi whakawhiti ke me whakawhitinga i runga i te mākete tuwhera. Ko te taputapu tino kaha o te ture mākete pūtea - he auau Central Bank Pākehā. hāngai ana te mahi e'inisititiutí moni kei i runga i te mau parau tumu o te mana motuhake i ētahi atu whenua, me te e tinana Supranational pērā i te whakatau. Mahi tata matua tā kahore tųkinotanga i roto i inaki nama waho, me te ā. Hoki te whakatau i runga i ia tikanga motuhake mō me maka reira he pōti, te nuinga o te Poari Whakahaere i te mau melo. Ia o ratou kua kotahi anake faingamālie ki te pōti. kia whai i te matenga o te Pākehā Central Bank te whakaaro o te Poari. i muri i te whakatamarikitanga o rongoā motuhake ki tona whakatinanatanga taea te whai wāhi nga tahatika pokapū o whenua Pākehā anake.

Mana o te ECB me nga tahatika pokapū motu

ka whai ECB raro i te mau tautooraa tahi ki te Central Association o te ngä Röpü States te tika ki te hanga i te whanaungatanga ki ētahi atu whenua o te Central Bank me, te mea e tika ana, a me whakahaere te ao, pērā i. Whakatuwheratia whai wāhitanga mo te hopu, hoko me te tuku momo katoa o ngā rawa, tae atu ki mua. Ko te ariā o "rawa pakeke" ngā peeke i roto i tetahi moni me te i roto i tetahi wae o tātai. Whakaaetia te kainga, me te whakahaere o ngā rawa. fakahoko ECB te whānui o pēke whakahaere o tetahi momo, pera i nga hoa e taea whakahaere ao ngāue rite māngai o te rōpū tuatoru ngā. kia whai wāhi Partnerships tono me te moni ngā mahi. Haunga nga mahi taketake whakahuatia i runga ake, te Pākehā Bank roto i te mahi ki te whenua Pākehā Central taea whakahaere ngā mahi ki te whakaaro whakahaere, a ki te mahi i roto i te ngākau nuitanga o te poari. He wāhanga nui i roto i te whakatau o ngā mahi o te pēke e taea te huaina te hanganga o te Pākehā Monetary Pūnaha, i haere mai ki oraraa i roto i te 1979.

Pākehā Pūnaha Monetary i roto i te anga o te ECB

e kore te mea anake te mea e pā te pūnaha moni Pākehā - te auau refinancing o te Pākehā Central Bank. he maha o ngā mahi motuhake emu me o ake kua. Ka taea e koe te kōrero e pā ana ki te wāhi e whai ake nei:

• Whakarite pūmautanga moni i roto i te EU.
• whakangāwaritanga mōrahi o te tukanga o te pūtahitanga ki te whanaketanga ōhanga kaha.
• I roto i ngā o te pūnaha moni pūmautanga whakarato rautaki tupu.
• Systematization moni pūmau me te whanaungatanga ōhanga o te pūāhua ao.

Ko te whakawhetai ki te whakataki ki tohanga o taua moni kia rite ki te ECU, kua pai te tāia ki te āhua mema Pākehā Union ki te raruraru o te 80s. I muri i te kaha i te tukanga o te pikinga i nekehia atu here i runga i ngā whakawhitinga pūtea o nāianei. Mai 1990, whakahohea reira te rere noa o te aratau whakapaipai. I te tīmatanga, ko te whāinga o te EU ki te whakarato i ngā āhuatanga tino arotau mo te kaupapa o taonga me ngā ratonga, whakapaipai me te mahi. I hanga te ECB ki whakatenatena te whakataki o te moni noa, he tangata whenua no Roma noa. Ko tana mahi tonu i te wā whakamahere i ki te āwhina whakawhanake huarahi pütahitanga, me te ture mo te ruruku e kore anake o kaupapa here ke, engari ano hoki te kaupapa here haumaru o ia State Party.