Te mau parau tumu Modern o rorohiko hoahoanga tuwhera, me tikanga o ratou whakatinanatanga

I roto i timata nga waenganui-70 o te rau tau whakamutunga "ngā wāhinga" o rorohiko - i whakawhanakehia, ka wehea PC. Kei te whakakapi ratou rorohiko mōmona me te tino nui - hei wātea mō te whakamahi i roto i te kāinga. Ko te pūkaha matua o tenei tukanga ko te US u IBM, e ko kore noa he rangatira ao i roto i te mākete rorohiko, engari ano hoki te initiator o te whanaketanga hou i roto i tenei mara.

Ki te mau tonu tona tūranga ārahi i roto i te mākete, whakahaeretia e te kamupene he maha o hikoinga, engari āta waiho te reira rawa mārama e kore e mahi i te tikanga hokohoko kotahi anake, e hiahiatia ana he otinga hangarau faufaa hou. Ko tenei whakatau me kua te whanaketanga o te rorohiko whakaaro e whakatinana nga parau tumu o tuwhera hoahoanga. I IBM, i hanga he tari motuhake, i ko ki te tātari i te whanaketanga katoa i roto i tenei rohe, ki te aromātai i ia ratou me te whakahere he taua tauira pūrere, e e kua whakaurua nga whakaaro whakamua katoa. Tino, te tikanga o tenei e te parau tumu o tuwhera hoahoanga PC whakatakotoria i roto i rite te whakaaro i te wā o tuhia te heke mai o te rorohiko.

pūtaiao IBM me Engineers mahi i roto i te tari o ngā āhuatanga hangarau o te haere noa, e fokotuu e whakamahia ratou ki te whakaoti i te raruraru nga tauira pai o wāhanga i kaihoko rerekē. Hei tauira, i whiriwhiri te pūtukatuka i o Intel - te pai i taua wa Intel-8088, i ngā mahi ki "rorirori" ki te rā, he kaha rokiroki o 1 mekapaita. mahara te pūmanawa i ki te tiki i roto i te wahi iti o Microsoft iti-mohiotia.

I roto i te raumati o 1981 i whanau ahau i tenei symbiosis - rorohiko hanga i ngā wāhanga o kamupene rerekē, me e tino whakatinana te mau parau tumu o tona hanganga tenei hoahoanga tuwhera. Kua waiho ratou taketake mō te atu ara katoa o te whanaketanga o te hangarau rorohiko. I whakapumautia tenei tūranga tae noa kupu: puta reira i taua wa te tikanga te wā "hototahi ki te IBM PC» e tenei pūrere, ara, ki te kohia i roto i tetahi atu maro, ko te pūrere e ōrite ana ki ngā paerewa IBM me whakatinana te parau tumu o tuwhera hoahoanga PC.

Ko te kupu "tuwhera" i roto i te anga o tenei kaupapa, me te hangarau tikanga i whakaurua tuatahi te rorohiko te taea o te whakahou, me te tae noa panoni rite ki kaihoahoa o te tamariki, te wahi e whakawhiti wahi katoa, me te kotahi e taea te kohikohi i te momo o ngā pūrere whakarerekē. Ko reira ano hoki nui e kore te taua panoni kite rite etahi ahua o te mea ngaro hokohoko, engari ki runga ki te anga ke, i waia ki ngā kaiwhakamahi, me te whakahōu motuhake (whakakapinga o ētahi wāhanga i runga i te tahi atu), kia akiaki mātātoa kamupene ki te hanga wāhanga mō ngā tono i roto i te rorohiko.

Here te faaauraa ki kaihoahoa o tamariki, i roto i te whānui, ka ko te pūtake i runga i nei ki te hanga i me te whakawhanake i te mau parau tumu o tuwhera hoahoanga. Ho'i, kua kairau a te kitenga me te whakarewatanga o te whakamahi whānui o teie mau parau tumu i roto i te hītori o IBM kore he tūranga rawa pai. Kei te ngaro te kamupene ano, engari e kore e ara riro anake, kahore hiahia i roto i ngā o te whakatairanga mākete o tona whakaaro. Ano, he maha corporations, te whakamahi i te mau parau tumu o tuwhera hoahoanga, i te ahunga whakamua nui atu tino i roto i te whanaketanga me te whakatairanga o te mahi rorohiko, he reira rawaka ki te hoatu i te tauira o Microsoft.

"Maia" o te rorohiko hou ko e tino o tona hangarau me te wāhanga pāhekoheko whakatakotoranga ki ia atu, me te ao i waho e wātea ana ki te tangata noa paku mōhio ki te tikanga o te tangata katoa. Na tenei, i roto i te tahuri, tino whakanuia ana te maha o ngā kaiwhakamahi pea. Ko te kupu, ko te kupu "tuwhera" he kore noa he ihirangi hangarau, engari pāpori hoki.