Taputapu kāwanatanga o Ukraine. hanganga State me te pūnaha tōrangapū o Ukraine

Ukraine - he āhua Ariki. He ona ake rohe, teitei, me te rohe röpü whakahaere, kāwanatanga, o ringa, kara me te waiata koti. pūrere State Ukraine he hanganga rārātini ki te wehenga o nga manga rerekē, me te rāhui ture paerewa manapori hāngai.

Te noaaraa te mana arii

I roto i Hōngongoi 1990 te Verkhovna Rada (pāremata Iukereiniana) ohi te "Whakapuakitanga runga State mana arii." Kua whakatuwheratia tēnei tuhinga he whārangi hou i roto i te aamu o te whenua, e arata'i ki te whare o te āhua manapori i runga i te tikanga o te ture.

E ai ki te Whakapuakanga, mana te moni tūmatanui te ki te whakapuaki i te Verkhovna Rada. No rōpū, whakahaere ranei takitahi (anake mo te peresideni, me e ki runga ki te maha o ngā take) kihai i tika ki te rave i te reira. whakau ana te tuhinga i te mana o te Ture i roto i te rohe o te kaha, e tohu te pāhekoheko o te manga o te mana, kia rite ki te rohe kāwanatanga (rohe Ukraine i te kau ki te whenua e whitu), tika ā-iwi, me te tahi atu take.

Mai i te käwanatanga pāremata ki te peresideniraa

Ko te ara i roto i i ko Ukraine i te whakatamarikitanga o te Whakapuakanga i te aroaro o te whakatamarikitanga o te kaupapa ture kāwanatanga, he puhoi me te matatini. Kei te ngāwari faataa tenei i te rerekētanga nui i roto i te ora tōrangapū me te ōhanga.

I roto i te Hōngongoi 1996, ke wae mana āhua. tangohia te Verkhovna Rada te Ture hou o Ukraine. E ai ki a ia, Ukraine he inaianei - he käwanatanga pāremata ki te whakahaere peresideniraa. pōtitia te peresideni te katoa e rima nga tau. Ia - e kore e taea e te upoko o te kāwanatanga, i roto i tenei take e mahi mō ngā neke atu i rua.

peresideni:

• Kravchuk Leonid Makarovich (05.12.1991 - 19.07.1994).
• Kuchma Leonid Danilovich (19.07.1994 - 23.01.2005).
• Yuschenko Viktor Andreevich (23.01.2005 - 25.02.2010).
• Yanukovych Viktor Fedorovich (25.02.2010 - 22.02.2014).
• Poroshenko Petr Alekseevich (c 06.07.2014).

mana

Momo o te kāwanatanga i roto i Ukraine tautuku ki te tikanga whakaaetia paerewa manapori. He fakakātoa 'o kāwanatanga wehea ki e toru nga peka o te uara rite:

• ture;
• whakahaere;
• marae.

Verkhovna Rada - te ture Ukrainian rawa. He he pāremata unicameral, te wahi e peresideni Tukuoro. Ko te mahi o te Verkhovna Rada - lawmaking me te mana tupato o te Kawanatanga. E tū Election o mema o te Pāremata nga 4 tau. E kawea ratou i na roto i te pōti ngaro. E te tika ki te pōti tangata katoa 18 me te pakeke pakeke.

hanganga Executive, ahu e te Peresideni, tukuna e te Kawanatanga i raro i te Pirimia me te mana ā-rohe. Na roto i te tinana whakahaere ngā manatü, tari haumaru, te ope, me te tahi atu ratonga.

Ture o Ukraine - te ture matua o te whenua. whakapūmau i te reira etahi tika me nga rangatiratanga o tangata Ukrainian, me te whakatau o ratou mau ohipa. He te tika o te whakatau-hanga motuhake te rāngai ture. I roto i te mahi, whenua ki te wā tauwhirowhiro ko reira uaua ki te wehe rawa i te whakahaere me te manga-ture. mana fakaehaua - te Kooti Ture.

Puka o te kāwanatanga

I roto i te ao i reira ko nga momo e whai ake nei o te kāwanatanga:

• kotahitanga (kotahi);
• ki te ahua matatini o te pūrere (Fédérations, confederations).

Kotahitanga - te āhua ki te rohe wehea ki wae rite whakahaere (rohe, kawanatanga, rohe, aha ...), Awhenga ki te pokapū.

Federation - Ko te āhua e hānga matatini kei wae whakahaere (lepupilika, rohe motuhake, āhua, whenua, aha ...), nei i te tetahi motuhake ture.

Ko te papa whenua mo te hanganga o te kāwanatanga e hānga ana, me te whakatōpū o whanaunga e hānga ana e taea e te Ture, me (ranei) te kawenata e hānga ana. I whakatika te pūtake o kirimana tika, hei tauira, te Federation o Ahitereiria, Switzerland, te United States, USSR, Malaysia, Russia me ētahi atu whenua. E kōrero nuitia ana ratou ki te taha o tiriti, i roto i te rerekē ki te kore-kirimana, pērā i, mo te tauira, Canada, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, puta i runga i te pūtake o te whekau pokapū o te kāwanatanga tāone ranei mana motuhake ki te heke mai o te Federation.

Kotahitanga - te uniana o te poto: reira rānei wawahi iho ranei puta ki te āhua e hānga ana. Hei tauira, i reira he inaianei Switzerland rite te āhua e hānga ana, i mau ai te ingoa "wakaminenga". whakatika Kotahitanga mō take rerekē, me te i ngā wā rerekē i roto i te USA, Germany, te Netherlands.

I roto i Ukraine, i whakaaro (ka whakaaro), momo katoa o te kāwanatanga, te tika tino mo te whakahaere pai. I te kau, mahi pūnaha kotahitanga.

parliamentarism Ukrainian

whatiwhatinga o te pāremata Iukereiniana ki runga i tona hītori takitahi ko te Whare rongonui o Kievan Rus, te Sejm o te kāwanatanga Polish-Lithuanian, te Cossack Hetman wa hari, a muri mai - i te tinana-ture teitei o te Austro-Hungarian, a ka te Russian Empire, te Iukereiniana SSR o te Soviet Union.

Creation o Ukraine rite te āhua e taea waho te hanganga o te Paremata i roto i te manakohia o te tika, kamupene whakahaere mana i horo'ahia, nei i roto i te nuinga o nga whenua. Ko te putanga o te timatanga o te mahi pāremata i roto i te aamu tata te hanga me te mahi i roto i te Maehe 1917 - I April 1918 te Ukrainian Central Rada - he ahua o motu proto-pāremata, kua haere nei te ara whanaketanga o te rōpū pāpori-tōrangapū hoki "te faatere" mana o te iwi Ukrainian.

Ko te putanga o te Pāremata me ona mahi ko te taahiraa arorau ki te whakakotahi i te iwi Iukereiniana i runga i te ara ki te motuhake motu i roto i te rau tau rua tekau. Ko tonu te whakarerenga iho hītori o te Ukrainian Central Rada i ngā āhuatanga hou o te Verkhovna Rada o Ukraine.

Āpiti atu ki te Paremete, tohu nga ngākau nuitanga o te nuinga, me te peresideni o Ukraine.

Tāhuhu

pūrere State Ukraine administratively he hanganga mārama. I roto i te whakahaere o te matenga o te peresideni pōtitia kia, fakamafai'i e te nuinga o ngā kaipōti ki te whakahaere tikanga.

Hipanga i raro kei te manatü kawenga mō te ngā tino nui i roto i ao katoa o ngā mahi: ohaoha, korero, hauora, te ahurea, te Interior Tāhuhu, whanaketanga rohe, kaupapa here ahuwhenua, rauropi, pūngao, take ke, ngā mōhiohio, tamarikitanga me hākinakina, hanganga, mātauranga me te pūtaiao, te tika, pūtea, kaupapa here pāpori, te Rünanga Käwanatanga o Minita.

Ko te hanganga o te Tāhuhu whakaaetia e te Minita, me etahi tinana pokapū - o ratou upoko. whakaaetia te hanganga o nga tinana pokapū o te whakahaere i roto i kōrero ki te Pirimia o Ukraine, Tuatahi Vice Pirimia, Vice-Pirimia i roto i runga i te tohatoha o ratou mana mahi.

Head o Kāwanatanga riro pirimia whakaingoatia e te peresideni, engari te mea mutunga kawana Rada. Rerekē etahi puni (Germany, Japan, Great Britain, Italy me etahi), te Pirimia o Ukraine kore e riro i te tini o te whakatau-kaupapa. pūrongo ia ki te peresideni.

Rārangi o te Pirimia me Whakakapi:

• Witold Fokin (1990-1992);
• Valentin Simonenko (1992);
• Leonid Kuchma (1992-1993);
• Yefim Zviagilskiy (1993-1994);
• Vitaly Masol (1994-1995);
• Evgeniy Marchuk (1995-1996);
• Pavlo Lazarenko (1996-1997);
• Durdinets Basil (1997);
• Valery Pustovojtenko (1997-1999);
• Viktor Yushchenko (1999-2001);
• Anatoly Kinakh (2001-2002);
• Viktor Yanukovych (2004-2005, 2006-2007);
• Nicholas Azarov (2005, 2010-2014);
• Yulia Tymoshenko (2005, 2007-2010);
• Yuriy Yekhanurov (2005-2006);
• Sergey Arbuzov (2014);
• Arseniy Yatsenyuk (2014).

wehenga whakahaere

kitea Āhuatanga o te pūnaha kāwanatanga o Ukraine e i roto i tona wehenga whakahaere. Hoki te te whenua taitamariki tūturu "ongo'i mo" te puka tino ikeiketanga o te taunekeneke i waenganui i te iwi o ngā rohe rerekē. Ko te āhuatanga a tawhio noa te Crimea me Donbas anake haapapu e e te reira wa me, pea, etahi hanganga i roto i te tikanga ki te hanga i te pūnaha nukurau whakahaere e tango ki pūkete nga ngākau nuitanga o wāhanga katoa o te hapori.

Kei te wehea te Republic ki rohe, e rohe ki te Soviet Union, tata kore ke - te katoa o 24 ngā wāhi, i roto i te tahuri, kua roherohea ki 490 takiwa. E te mana motuhake 176 pa nui - te rohe (Republican) whakahau me pehea rohe he hinonga rohe o te taumata tuarua. I te toru o nga atamira - te tata ki te iwi - ko te kaunihera ā-rohe, pa, me te kainga. Kiev Ko te rohe whakapaipai.

Āhuatanga o te kāwanatanga

Ko te pūnaha kāwanatanga o Ukraine ngā te puka ture o te kāwanatanga, hanganga whakahaere-rohe, me te tikanga tōrangapū. Ko te wāhi whakamutunga ko te pūnaha o te tikanga me te tikanga o te kaha kāwanatanga, Kei te āhuatanga i reira e te taumata o te whakaunga o tika ture.

Tuhinga tau 1 o te Ture kua tūnga Ukraine rite te āhua manapori. whakau ana te tuhinga i te mau parau tumu o te hinaaro o te iwi, te wehenga o mana, kanorau tōrangapū, ōhanga, me te wä, fatongia ki te tangata, me te rite.

manapori

Ukraine kāwanatanga kotahitanga parau te mau parau tumu o te manapori, kawea nei i roto i tika i roto i ngā pokapū kāwanatanga me mana rohe ki mana kāwanatanga. Kooti Ture i runga i 26.03.2002 kī e "kia te kāwanatanga ā-rohe kia kitea rite te ahua o te iwi kaha."

He faaiteraa o te manapori tika he pōtitanga, referendums motu me te rohe, kaupapa rongonui, whakawātanga tūmatanui me te rite. I roto i te take o te iwi kaha puta noa te āhua hanga whēkau o māngai rongonui.

kia wehewehe i te taputapu āhua i waenganui i tinana tuatahi, me te tuarua o te māngai o te iwi. tinana Public e hanga e e te māngai tuatahi o ratou whiriwhiri, ki te awhina o i horo'ahia te mana kei te ki te State tika i te iwi. I roto i te whenua e ratou te Verkhovna Rada (VR) me te peresideni o Ukraine.

Nga tinana kāwanatanga, e kua hanga e e BP me te peresideni, ko nga tinana o Tuarua, māngai autaki. Ko te painga o te manapori tika ko te whanui o te kukume iwi ki fetu'utaki mo e kakaí. Ko te painga o te mahi o tinana māngai ko e he pūmau ratou, mahi i runga i te pūtake ngaio.

mana arii kāwanatanga

kāwanatanga Kotahitanga Ukraine - he Ariki, me te motuhake. i huaina mana arii ko te ture o te mana pōti kāwanatanga i roto i te whenua, me te de motuhake märena i ope waho (whenua, nekehanga, whakahaere, me pera i runga i. D.).

Kei te wehea mana arii ki roto, o waho. I roto i ngā āhuatanga hou whakaritea e te kaupapa ture te tuatahi, me te tuarua o nga āwangawanga te āhua o whanaunga i waenganui i nga whenua rerekē, tango ki pūkete nga tikanga o te ture te ao. e kore he mana arii i te taonga noa o te kāwanatanga, me mana ngā tūmatanui. Ko reira runga ake rōpū, karakia, pūtea - e kore tetahi e taea arataki tona i pai ai. I roto i te mana arii o te whenua o iti e anake e te tika tangata taketake.

Creation o Ukraine rite te kāwanatanga i taea kahore te mana arii waho. E pā ana ia ki te hunga rohe i roto i nei kia tango i te tukanga pāwhaitua tikanga he halá nāianei angamaheni wahi.

I te ngakau o te rangatiratanga kāwanatanga o Ukraine ko te pera-ka karanga mana arii o te iwi. Ko reira te iwi, te nuinga i roto i ngā pōtitanga free legitimizes mana kāwanatanga. No te mea ko reira te puna o te taupori, ka me no reira me te mana. faaohipa i te mana arii o te iwi e i roto i te tinana māngai pōtitia a tika ki te iwi rohe i roto i ngā pōtitanga, tāpaetanga kōrero tūmatanui. Na mana arii mau hāngai ki te iwi i roto i te manapori.

Tautukunga ki te tikanga o te ture

Ki te āhua ture o Ukraine, me pera a, kia whakarite i nga mana hanganga ture ki te ture ture i ngā taumata katoa: i te mana kāwanatanga teitei ki nga tangata. tikanga Ture - he tu'unga ture o te tikanga, whakahaere me te ture o whanaunga tūmatanui. I roto i tenei kaha, ia:

• Ko te huritua kaha o ihe, te hepohepo, ina tīmata ana, papû ore, me te tapepe o te whanaungatanga i waenganui i te iwi;
• tikanga ture ki te mataku taea mahi ture mahia e te kāwanatanga, me ona mana ki tangata, me te kotahi tangata i roto i te pā ana ki tetahi atu.

Ki te vaivai o te kaha, te tupu o te rirotanga mautohe i 2013-2014 te pūnaha kāwanatanga o Ukraine kua mōrearea. Ko te tikanga o te ture ko e te tauira ture, e tautuhi ana i te mana o ngā kaupapa o whanaunga pāpori, ratou natura, te hononga i waenganui i nga tangata māori, me te ture, me te tikanga, ngā tūāhua, ngā tukanga papā taumira.

I runga i te pūtake rohe (te wāhi o te horapa) ranei te āwhata o te ture o te ture e taea wehewehe i waenganui i:

• te āhua (whenua) i roto i te whānui;
• hinonga kāinga (kaupapa o te Kotahitanga, motuhake hinonga tūmatanui);
• wae whakahaere-rohe - pa, rohe, rohe, me ētahi atu

Tei runga i te pānga o te ture, ona wahi hanganga i runga i te hanganga o te tikanga o te ture, ka taea e hanga tatou i te tikanga whānui, rängai, motuhake ranei pütahitanga. itehia Tapeke me mahi kia rite ki te hua o te whakatinanatanga o te pūnaha ture katoa. Na roto i te rōrahi, he mau tenei piha te taua rite te tikanga o te ture i runga i te pūtake rohe. Ahumahi hanga i runga i te pūtake o tikanga peka motuhake o te ture (ture, pūtea, tukanga tivira, me ētahi atu.). Motuhake (pütahitanga) whakatika i runga i te pūtake o te whakatinanatanga o te matau o pūtahi takitahi.

marae

Ko te rāngai ture - te pūnaha tuatoru o te kāwanatanga i roto i Ukraine. Kei te kitenga reira e te tikanga o tinana kāwanatanga motuhake - te marae. Kua hanga e te whenua he pūnaha e toru-taumata, i runga i te tihi o e kia te Kooti Ture. Ko ia i roto i te tiaki - te otinga o ngā take ao e pa ana i te turanga o te mana katoa - te Ture.

take Practical (pāpori, ōhanga) whakaturia peka nga marae whānui, me te apitireihana, aua. Ko te kupu, ko te ahua o te kāwanatanga o Ukraine e i runga i te hanganga tautika e whärite e te Rada (ture), te peresideni (Representative Executive Pūnaha) me te Kooti Ture (rite te puka teitei o whakakitenga o te pūnaha ture).

MIA

raupapa Ture - Ko te mana ā-ture tūturu o te tikanga, whakataunga, whakahaere o whanaunga tūmatanui, te putanga o te whakatinanatanga tūturu o te ture, o ratou ahua i roto i te ora. Ko rāua i te ariā o te mana "kaha" ture te ariā o te kāwanatanga. Hoki tona tiaki me te whakatinanatanga i Ukraine i hanga te Tāhuhu o te Interior.

I te tīmatanga, i wehea te Tāhuhu o Taiwhenua o Ukraine ki ngā ratonga motuhake:

• pirihimana Public.
• pirihimana Kirimina.
• Gai.
• Ratonga Haumarutanga State.
• Various ope motuhake.

whakahou

Te whakahou i te 2014 tino ke te hanganga o te Tāhuhu o Internal Affairs. Tuatahi o te katoa, hei utu o te pirihimana i whakaaetia e te peresideni i 08.04.2015, te National Pirihimana. te whakamahere waho reira i ngā hanganga ikiiki, ngā pirihimana, me te GUBOP kararehe. Mai 2016 te mahi o te raorao "hoatu" hanga he pūnaha hiko hangaia ki te whakakapi "ora" rangatira waka pirihimana. 16/09/2015 whakakahoretia te rohe Interior Tāhuhu. Whakamutua whakahou i roto i 2017. O te akoranga, e kore e te pūnaha kāwanatanga me te tōrangapū huri, ko te wā whakawhiti taea pā te āhuatanga taihara.

Kei te whakaritea te reira e te hanganga hou o te Tāhuhu o Interior hopea e te puka e whai ake:

• pirihimana Kirimina.
• Pirihimana Motuhake.
• tiaki Pirihimana.
• Pōhi me Telecommunications.
• pirihimana tautiaki.
• Ko te tinana o te tūhuratanga mua whakamatautauranga-.
• mahi Pirihimana.
• Tari o te trafficking tarukino.
• pirihimana Economic.

teething raruraru

He momo rerekē o te kāwanatanga. kua whiriwhiria Ukraine te puka kotahitanga o ngā o hinonga whakahaere. Ko te āhuatanga a tawhio noa te Crimea me Donbas, korero o te tuku atu mana ki te rohe, tae noa ki te hoatu te federalization te aroaro o lawmakers, pūtaiao tōrangapū me ngā pātai hapori, e kore e whakautu ohie.

Ko te tukanga o te hanga i te matatini āhua manapori hou. Otiia i roto i te wā poto o te pūnaha hou o te kāwanatanga i whakapumautia, i te ope patu motu, ratonga haumarutanga, pirihimana.