Systematics - te pūtaiao e tuatapapa i te kanorau koiora i runga i te ao

Ki te i ui koe ki te whakaahua i tou whare moenga, ka koe pea e kore e whai ki te karanga i nga mea kotahi, rite tenei whakawhiti ka muri i te wa roa. Engari, koutou pea e faaohie tenei katoa e whakarōpū tūemi ki ngā kāwai pēnei i ngā pukapuka, taonga tākaro, e, peita, taonga, me te pera i runga i. He aha te mea taxonomy? Ko te pūtaiao e tuatapapa i te kanorau koiora o otaota me ngaa kararehe i tona whakarōpū.

He aha e te taxonomy?

A feruri na, ki te taea te whakaahua e koe te pa, kahore te whakamahi o ngā kāwai rerekē, pēnei i te motokā, iwi, whare, piriti me nga rori? Ko te aha e ti'a ia tatou systematics. Na tamata ki te whakaaro i te kaiputaiao tangata kahore e whai wāhi ki te whakakotahi i nga mea ora katoa i runga i te ao. I roto i te koiora, taxonomy - te pūtaiao whakarōpū e rangahau me mea ora katoa i runga i te ao.

E rua nga tu o systematics

E rua ngā taumata tata e pā ana, me te inaki o te whakarōpū: taxonomy (e mohiotia ana ko te pūnaha Linnaeus ') me te phylogenetic.

• whakarōpū Taxonomic o ngā rōpū o mea ora i runga i te pūtake o ngā ōritenga. Hei tauira, kararehe e takoto hua me te whai unahi, karanga matou ngokingoki me kararehe e kua whanau ora, me te huruhuru huruhuru ranei, karanga matou whāngote.
• whakamahia whakarōpū Phylogenetic ingoa taxonomic me pokazavayut rite te rōpū o kaiao e pā ana evolutionarily ki tahi i te tahi. Hei tauira, kei te tata atu ana gorillas ki te tangata atu i papata.

Systematics o kararehe - te pūtaiao e rangahau, me te whakarōpū kanorau koiora katoa o kararehe. Hei utu i te faaauraa ki ngā hononga tangata, e kua he ingoa (whakarōpū taxonomic), me te he tetahi tohu o te whanaungatanga ki ētahi atu rauropi nga mea ora katoa. Hei tauira, chimpanzees me macaque e pai, whakarite e korero ana, i nga teina, me to ratou matua keke ko te makinui, ka waiho he tangata ratou whanaunga tawhiti, engari ki te papata, me te kahore ratou i mohio (phylogeny). tipu systematics - te pūtaiao e tuatapapa i te momo nui o otaota.

Karl Linney - te papa o te taxonomy hou

He aha koe e mahi i waho ao ara kaiao koiora rōpū? E riro te reira hepohepo. I roto i tenei taputapu tino taonga ko ki te whakawhetai Karla Linneya, hoki e mohiotia ana Carl von Linnaeus (1707-1778). Swedish tohunga huaota, kaimātai kararehe me te rata whakaaro i roto i te pūtaiao hou rite te "papa o taxonomy". Ko ia te tuatahi nei whakamahia ngā wā katoa i te pūnaha whakarōpū (taxonomy) mo te whakarōpū o kaiao e hāngai ana i runga i huanga noa. Te reira i hoatu tikanga wā kotahi uaua, me te ohie mana rawa pūtaiao i roto i te mara o te whakarōpū.

kanorau koiora

Systematics - te pūtaiao o te koiora e Akoranga tona momo nui o mea ora, e ko tetahi o nga āhuatanga tautuhi o te ao māori. he whanaunga tata tenei ako pūtaiao ki te rauropi, me te koiora whanaketanga. Systematics - te pūtaiao e rangahau me e whakaaro ki te waiho i te hanganga o ngā momo hou rite puta e tukanga kaiao ranei, he aha te tautoko te tahi mau rōpū te whānui mīharo o ngā momo whānui, me etahi rauropi mate noa i roto i.

Ko e tika ana ki te āhuatanga o ngā kaiao rerekē, e taea ai te ako taipitopito o ngā rōpū motuhake tenei. rapu Systematics ki matau i te hītori o te ora i roto i te whanaungatanga phylogenetic me ira o nga mea ora. He nui i roto i te rauropi, kukuwhatanga, me te tiaki koiora te aromātai o te kanorau, me te matauranga o te mau parau tumu, me ngā tukanga o tenei ako.

Systematics me te rakau phylogenetic

Systematics - te pūtaiao e tuatapapa i te kanorau o ngā kaiao ora, mua, me te hakari, me te ratou hononga i te wā, whakaaturia rite rakau phylogenetic. Kei te wehea rakau whanaketanga kia rua nga wahi: ko te tuatahi mohiotia te rite i te tikanga o te pekapeka, i whakaatu te hononga o te rauropi i roto i te rōpū, ka karanga te roa o te peka tuarua tautuhi i te wā o te kukuwhatanga, i roto i nei haere kaiao.

uara

Systematics nui te wāhi pokapū i roto i te koiora, te whakarato i te tikanga ki te tohu i te kaiao ako. Nā ki te whakarōpū i whakaata te hononga whanaketanga, he reira taea ki te matapae me te whakamātau i ngā whakapae. Ka taea e Phylogeny e whai hua mō ngā raraunga matakite e pā ana ki te kore, ko te hītori o te ora rōpū koiora pai-ako.

rangahau koiora systematics o whänui o puka katoa ora, mua, me te hakari, me te te hononga i waenganui i a ratou. Dendrograms momo me te taxa teitei whakamahia ki ako i te kukuwhatanga o ngā āhuatanga (hei tauira, kikokiko āhuatanga rāpoi ranei) me whakaatu te tohatoha o rauropi (biogeography). Systematics ko te pau mo mahara ki te hītori whanaketanga o te ora i runga i te whenua.