Supersonic rererangi fakavaha'akonitinēnití T 4MS ( "hua 200"): āhuatanga matua

Kaupapa e rahua ki riro i te mooni, engari ngā i roto i te aamu ... E hia o ratou, deservedly wareware a kahore rawa nui. Kotahi kaupapa pērā - he fakavaha'akonitinēnití rererangi-pere pokapū rautaki hoahoa whanaketanga paorangi arahina e Sukhoi.

TAKENGA o TE

Ka rite ki maha tupu, te hiahia mo te ope rangi rautaki, kua nei kua puta ake i roto i te mua, whakaarahia ano te hōia i roto i te tau 1967, ka ki he whakatau te whakatū i te rererangi wā roa-topu rautaki (Arā topu Rautaki Aircraft) i hanga i roto i te United States. Ki te timata te kaupapa AMSA hanganga o te rongonui B-1, tiketike-teitei rererangi rautaki whakaekenga hohonu.
A i roto i January 1969 i te tikanga o te minita o te ahumahi rererangi timata te whakataetae i waenganui i hoahoa bureaus VM Myasishcheva, A. N. Tupoleva me Sukhoi. I roto i runga ki tenei tikanga, Me hinonga ki te whakahaere rangahau o rautaki rererangi rua-aratau, te hanga i tētahi pūnaha toko, patu pere me ngā pūnaha onboard. i whakahaerea anake te hanganga o te matatini reo irirangi-hiko i te Tāhuhu o te ahumahi hiko. ka haere mai tona tikanga i roto i te puna o te taua tau.

raraunga tuatahi

ture Kāwanatanga i roto i te mutunga o te ngahuru 1967 tāutuhia āhuatanga o rererangi heke mai.

kia kua i ia i roto i te wahi tuatahi āhuatanga rere makehe.

I te teitei o te 1.8 km i whakatakotoria tere 3,2-3,5 mano. Km / h. e matau te reira i taua i roto i te wa taua me ka kīia e subsonic tata te rererangi whenua me rere i te iti rawa 11-13 mano kiromita, engari i roto i te rere nui-teitei i ngā rere subsonic kia 16-18 mano km.

I homai te reira i te mahi me te hanganga o patu. Ko reira ki te kia tito o te tango, me te svobodnopadayuschih me fakatonutonu momo poma me te ūnga, me missiles mahino, hypersonic wha X-45 "Uira", me ki runga ki te 24 aerobalisticheskih X-2000. ka ui ahau me te papatipu tapeke o patu - 45 taranata.

Tīmata o te whanaketanga

OKB Sukhoi P. O. mai 1961, ano i runga i te pūtake whakataetae, whai wāhi i roto i te whanaketanga o te paorangi rererangi-pere T-4, hoki riro te papatipu o 100t te tuarua ingoa "Raranga". I ia ki te tae te tere o 3,000 km / h, ki te hinga te arai waiariki, a na reira kua nui ake motupaika. Hoki reira āta hangaia tākirirangi "rangi-whenua", toko me te taputapu whakatere. Whakaaetia ko e toru tekau noa toru tauira o te rererangi hou.

I tona turanga, a ka whakawhanakehia he hou rautaki rua-aratau jet T-4MS ki tiaki o te haere tonutanga mōrahi ki te tauira taketake. i te hoahoa hou ki te noho: mana whakato, taukei kua nga rauemi hou, e kua riro hoahoa angamaheni me rongoā hangarau whakawhanakehia, ka haere te whakamātautau pūnaha me ngā taputapu i runga i-papa, a e kia e nui i roto i te tukanga o te hanga papatipu, ngā tukanga ururua. Ahakoa mīhini KarereHuna riro e faaauraa ki te "raranga". Ko tōna taimaha hoki tātaitanga o kaihoahoa te wakarererangi whakatata nga taranata e rua rau, a reira ka mohiotia rite te rererangi T-4MS - "tuhinga 200".

Solutions hou

Aue, e kore e taea e matou te whakatinana i te taua whakaaro faahiahia. Ki te whakaora koe te kaupapa tahora, nui haere koi te rahi me te taimaha o nga hua hou, engari ko te katoa rōrahi o ringa POST ano rahua.

Na reira, ko te Sukhoi Hoahoa Bureau PO e arotahi ngaio i runga i te whanaketanga o te kaupapa tahora hou, e pai tukua te rōrahi teitei taea ki mata iti horoi e ka whakarato wāhi noho patu e tika ana i roto i te wehenga utanga. I roto i tenei take, kia waiho te hoahoa rite raru te rererangi i taea e tata te whenua rere ki ka kīia e tiketike.

I tua atu, i whakaritea e te reira ki te aukati i te toko te mana ara iahiko rererangi. I roto i tenei take, i reira ko ha faingamālie ki te waihanga putanga hou o te tahi atu engines. Ko te whakaritenga hou i ki tiaki te taea o te whakapai tonu o ngā āhuatanga rere me ngā whakaritenga hangarau o nga hua hou.

I roto i te mahi, te kaihoahoa, a hanga whirihoranga aerodynamic, te ara iahiko integrated i whakamana i te momo "rere parirau" nōhanga papatohu wāhi iti (iti, o te akoranga) i roto i te rere e taea te huri i tahitahi.

bomber tahora

Faufaa tahora hou o te rererangi T-4MS, whakaae i te mutunga o te raumati o 1970, i mahi i te reira rite te pūtake mo te whanaketanga o te hoahoa tuatahi.

i puhia Tauira o tenei whakaritenga i roto i te huna hau me kua whakaaturia hua rawa, me tere rere subsonic, me i tere paorangi.

Nā ki te wāhi iti o te ringa kaurori me te kawe mārō tinana o te pokapū ngaro deformation rapa o te parirau, ka rere i te whenua.

I roto i tenei take rerekē te tahitahi ringa kaurori i roto i te whānui i te 30 ° ki te 72 °.

ko undoubted waimarie, engari i oti rawa te tau i muri mai i ki te whakaoti i te hoahoa tuatahi.

matotoru momo me te āhua o te airfoil, ki te whakapai ake anō te tōtika aerodynamic. Me nui haere Taupānga o pūkete supercritical tere ipu subsonic. whakahaere Rangahau i rite ai bevels parirau pā te mahi o te tipu te mana, me te stabilizer poutū. tonu te mahi i runga i te kōwhiringa o te āhua parirau, ki te whakapai ake i te pūmautanga me te controllability o te motokā.

Ka tīpako i te ara iahiko hanganga me te Airframe mana tino pai ki te whakarei ake i te wahie pānga papatipu.

Mahi i runga i nga ngā

te whanaketanga katoa whakamatauria i roto i huna hau TsAGI. Ka rite ki te hua, kua takoto tohunga e kino tautika te rererangi, i reira ko te tapepe o kahore iti iho i te 5%. I whakaritea e te reira ki te whakaoti i te tahora atu.

Ka rite ki te hua, i roto i nga taatou, puta te T-4MS hiawero whakapae me te ihu roa. I roto i tetahi putanga, te ihu, me katoa i te āhua ngira-rite. Heoi, i tangohia ai ki te whakawhanake atu i te whakaritenga i roto i nei i ahua atu te ihu, ia anake i mau ana i te takere i nacelles anake kite, hiku poutū ki e rua ngā rākau, paewhiri parirau hurihuri. utua ngā aro i ki te raruraru o te whakaiti i te kitenga i runga i te hihiani o te hoariri.

Whakamārama rererangi T-4MS

I whakahaeretia te rererangi i te waka o te iwi e toru, i whakanohoia i roto i te slabovystupayuschem rama. I te wa ano te rangatira o te kaipuke, i te pairati me te kaiwhakatere-kaiwhakahaere ki te rere i roto i whakawa wāhi, ahakoa te meka i hiri te fare o te compartments e rua. tikanga te wehenga mua te hoki nga kaiurungi, me te tuarongo - ki te kaiwhakatere. Mai whakauaua protrudes te rama, ki te whakapai ake i aritanga i roto i te manureva, me te whakarato taunga whitiki motuhake.

whakarato tūru ejection hōneatanga ohotata haumaru o te manureva i altitudes katoa me tere, tae atu te ūnga me te wakarererangi.

taputapu hiko i runga i te poari ngā o whakatere, ngā pūnaha rere, ngā pūnaha kōrero me te korero, rorohiko, pūnaha korero kitenga, ngā pūnaha tupuranga me te arata'iraa pere.

āhuatanga tairanga o te mua, i tautuhia rite rererangi fakavaha'akonitinēnití paorangi, i rite whai:

- roa - 41.2 m;

- tiketike - 8 m;

- pokapū-whanganga - 14.4 m;

- parirau i tahitahi koki 30 ° - 40,8 m;

- rohe o te parirau i te koki o te tahitahi o te 30 ° - 97,5kv.m.

Ko te tango-atu taimaha tata 170 taranata.

bomber Powerplant

I roto i te wāhanga hiawero, i roto i nacelles rua mokowā motu, whakaritea i roto i takirua wha DTRD NK-101. Tangohia-atu aki o ia o ratou ko 20,000 kg. I riro te reira e ka paheko nga engines nga painga o te pūkaha turbofan i roto i te ipu rere i kīia e subsonic me i roto i whakatere o te kōpana i roto i te rere i te tere paorangi.

a Gondola i runga i ia pūkaha wehea e te arai rererangi kainga hau te whakarite tiaki i te huka, me te tomo ki o ngā ke.

I tua atu engines, arā, o ngā pūnaha powerplant i te tamaa rererangi i runga i te whenua, me te i roto i te rangi, mana pūkaha, te rere kōpeka o te wahie pressurization, tautauā whakanoatanga.

tāke wahie Main kei roto i te compartments o pokapū.

raraunga rere tata

hangaia te manureva i ki rere i tawhiti rawa te roa. E ai ki nga tātai, ia taea i waho i roto i-rere te tamaa ki rere ki kawenga whawhai noa o 9 t i te tere Cruising o 900 km / h (subsonic) 14 000 km me 3000 km / h (paorangi) - 9000 km.

I te teitei o te rererangi i taea rere i te tere o te 3.2 mano km / h i te taumata moana - 1.1 mano km / h ..

I roto i tenei take, ko te teitei mōrahi i e taea te rererangi piki te tātai 24,000 m.

Ki te taua papatipu nui o te roa rere o 100 m, me te roa ara i muri i tata'o - 950 m.

Ko te rākau o te riri i runga i te poari

kawenga poma Tatau ko 9 m, me te faaau poma svobodnopadayuschih.

Te fafau submarine T-4MS i ki te kawe e rua ki te wha wai missiles roa-whānui X-45 "Uira", e e āta hangaia mo te kaupapa T-4, me te ARLGSN pūnaha arata'iraa me tāpiripiri warhead nui-taikaha. Ratou āhuatanga ko te Radome. roa pere o e pā ana ki 10 m, tīmata taimaha - 5 m, te 0.5T ututaumaha. Tikanga whānui o 1.5 mano km, te tere e rere o runga ki te 9000 km / h.

i roto i te waka rererangi o ringa ano ko 24 Kh-2000 pūnaha arata'iraa INS, ki te whānuitanga o 300 km, te tere e rere o e pā ana ki 2 M, me te taimaha o te 1 ton tīmata.

momo rerekē o patu, tākirirangi, pōma, maina me torpedoes, poma rīpene tuku, i whakanohoia i roto i te compartments roto e rua rawa ki ventilation me waiariki tiaki, transportation me ngā pūnaha tikanga.

Hua o te whakataetae

i te aroaro te whakataetae, ki te kahore uri Sukhoi rererangi paorangi Tu-160M whanaketanga OKB A. N. Tupoleva me M-20 i te VM Myasishcheva.
i te aroaro o nga kaupapa ki te MAP i runga i te tohutohu pūtaiao, me te hangarau i roto i te ngahuru o 1972.
Tu-160 hōia i tuatahi i ākiria nātemea o rawa nui faitatau ki pāhihi rererangi. makona M-20 te hōia, engari i te Bureau hou hanga kahore whakaurunga production mō te hanga papatipu o te mīhini.

ngā T-4MS whakarongo whānui, me te i whakaaro te pai, engari ... I te wa ano i hanga te toa hou i roto i OKB arahina e Sukhoi, i tukua i raro i te tau SU-27, nga mahi i runga i te hanganga o te Su-24 seti toa mahi whakarerekētanga ko Su-17M. Te Tāhuhu o Aviation Ahumahi ongo'i e he nui atu te mahi i roto i te rererangi "marama", me i roto i te rua ahunga kanorau kore e taea e KB mahi.

A pera tonu te meatanga e i roto i te whakataetae riro te kaupapa Sukhoi PO, a kawea mahi anō i roto i Tupolev Design Bureau. Na whakaekea ana te rangatira o te Air Force P. S. Kutahov me nga rauemi katoa haere Tupolev, engari kihai ratou, ka tonu ki te whakapai ake i ona ake whanaketanga.

Na reira, ko te mahi i roto i te manureva Air Force e pā ana ki te ututaumaha taua, me te whānui ka kīia e subsonic, engari ki te rere papatipu nui ake i te 35%, me te iti iho i te hawhe te whānuitanga o te rere sverhzuke atu taea te manakohia ki te ko te kaupapa e pā ana ki P. . maroke.

Tonu i muri i te mutunga o te whakataetae i kaupapa faahope mahi T 4MS. E kore te manureva i kite i te rangi, engari kei te whanau te whakaaro i roto i tona whanaketanga, kua whakaurua te reira i roto i te taua Tu-160 me Su-27 me Mig-29.Mozhet kia, a tae noa iriti i ki manureva tenei rau tau.