Protists - tenei ... Characterisation, me te hanganga āhuatanga

I para tuatahi, te mea te reira e kua tāutuhia kua systematics hou te taxa nui katoa me e kore e tautohetohe. Otiia e kore e pera. Kua rongo koe o taua kotahitanga pūnahanaha rite protists? Ki te kore, ka to tatou tuhinga kei hoki koe.

History o whakahura

Protists - he ariā e i tuatahi whakaurua ki pūtaiao taiao German Ernst Haeckel. tupu tenei i roto i te 1886. I taua wa, i mohiotia kua reira ki te rua kingitanga o te natura: tipu me ngā kararehe. kawea katoa atu ora rauropi mataotao me ki protists. Otiia e kore e pūtaiao tu tonu. taratahi Systematics āhuatanga matua hou, te hanga taxa. A i 1969, te ecologist American Roberg Whittaker fakamatala'i protists i te tirohanga hou. E te ara, ka karanga i tenei pūtaiao te kaituhi o te pūnaha "rima kingitanga." Ko te tonu e hāngai ana te whakarōpū taua o nga mea ora katoa i tenei ra.

Āhuatanga o protists

Na roto i te protists he rauropi katoa, e kore e te tinana hua enei papanga. A e kore e mea faufaa te reira te nui i hanga e ratou pūtau. huru no te hanganga e protists karihi. I roto i te otaota no ki tenei pükohu rōpū. E te aroaro protists Heterotrophic hātare me kaiao gribopodobnymi.

Ko te hanganga o te ngä pükohu

tīmata protists Whakaahuatanga ki nga tipu tuatahi i puta i runga i te ao - pükohu. I roto ia ratou he māngai o metazoans. chlamydomonas reira me chlorella. Ahakoa te meka e fakafofonga'i ratou tinana katoa e te pūtau kotahi ratou, kawe i nga tukanga katoa o te ora. Tenei manawa i roto i te anga tīhokatia e te pihi, autotrophic kai tōtika, te whakaputa uri mā te wehewehe ki e rua sporulation ranei. He nui ake kanorau pükohu Multicellular. I roto i te e hono o ratou pūtau tinana anatomically, engari e kore e hanga i te kopa. E huaina taua hanganga rau tuawhiti rau tuawhiti ranei.

protists heterotrophic

Tenei rōpū ngā momo e e taea ki te kai rite kai organic anake. protists Heterotrophic - he pūtau-tahi, hātare ranei. Ahakoa te ingoa, Ko te tino uaua hoki ratou hanganga. Ko tētahi o te noa tino ko te māngai māmā o Paramecium caudatum. Ka rite ki te kararehe katoa o ratou wae mata kanohi e te membrane wē me te pellicle e tohu ana i te cytoplasm moenga Kikī. organelles Permanent o enei protists he kūnatu me te contractile miru. kawea ana te tuatahi i roto i enzymatically whakatau matū organic, me te tuarua - te ture o te kaha osmotic me te wai, me te utu tote.

I roto i te ciliates puta noa tukanga fakasekisualé, e tango te ahua o te conjugation. I roto i tenei take e rua kararehe ūngutungutu i hanga piriti cytoplasmic, i runga i nei whakawhiti te karihi o te mōhiohio ā-ira i waenganui ia ratou. organelles Tino kanorau kaupapa protists heterotrophic. I roto i ciliates Ko te makawe iti maha i roto i te Euglena - te pihi kotahi. Ko Pūora Proteus hanga he protrusions kore-pūmau o cytoplasm, e te hunga kua huaina pseudopodia, pseudopodia ranei.

protists Gribopodobnye

Tenei rōpū o protists mamao rite harore tūturu. Hei tauira, māngai te tinana mata te labyrinthulomycetes pohehe plasmodia. Ngā He taiepa pūtau o te cellulose Oomycetes mārō. I tua atu, i roto i te tukanga o te whakaputa uri tōtahi, i whai ahua ai ratou zoospores pūkoro. He angamaheni mō te polryadka gifohitridievyh, te nuinga o nei he pirinoa intracellular o pükohu me hātaretare ēnei tohumate.

Ko te āhuatanga ahurei

Protists - he kaiao e whai āhuatanga tino rerekē. Ēnei ngā labyrinthulomycetes pseudopodia gribopodobnyh. hanumi ratou ki te hanganga rite o ngā pūtau tata, te hanga i te whatunga katoa. E whakaratohia ana ngā māngai o te tikanga ki te hrizofitovye protuberance motuhake i huaina gaptonemoy. Kei a ia ko microtubules, e karapotia ana e te hongere o te kiriuwhi. I roto i te dinoflagellates kitea ratou hanganga ahurei o te karihi, ngā pūira i te hunga i roto i te āhua o te spiralizirovannom tonu.

He aha te mea polyphyly

Tino maha protists huaina rōpū polyphyletic, taxon ranei. tikanga o tēnei e te tito reira o kaiao e kua kï hunaonga ki a māngai o ētahi atu wae taxonomic kore e whakaurua i roto i tenei. Na, tika tirohia ki te kingitanga kararehe, me pükohu - ki te rangatiratanga whakato. e kore e wahi o taxonomy hou taxa Polyphyletic, no te mea kahore o ratou māngai e whai i te tupuna noa. Tauira o taua rōpū he kararehe matao-toto huakita autotrophic ranei.

Na, protists - reira kaiao eukaryotic, e kore e nei hanga enei kopa. I roto ia ratou he momo kotahi, me te multicellular,-aunoa, me heterotrophs. Hoki ngā māngai hou o protists he pükohu, hātare me gribopodobnye kaiao.