Peeke International i roto i te pūnaha o te mahi integrated o ngā hanganga pēke hou

E te aroaro maha hokohoko pūtea ao, me te ao pūtahi pūtea inaianei i roto i te ao ōhanga momo nui matatini o momo me ngā momo o kaiwhakaari. maha ai tenei fifi i roto i te faaotiraa tika o nga mahi matua o te whare, no te mea i reira te mea he hiahia hoki mau mai i te tetahi whakarōpū o enei pūtahi whakahaere i maha wāhi, tae atu te wahi me te whakahaere peeke ao me here ao. Ka rite ki te paearu, te pūtake o te whakarōpūtanga, e taea te kite i te tohu o te tuitui o ngā rauemi pūtea pokapū ki te rōpū pakihi kotahi, me te pūmautanga o te hanganga i hanga.

I raro i tenei huarahi, i reira e toru puka o ngā hanganga integrated: te iti o te tuitui o ngā rauemi ōhanga ki te pūnaha kotahi; tohu toharite o te tuitui; tino integrated kōwae pakihi.

Ko reira e tika ana ki te whakauru rāhuitanga atu e hāngai ana i runga i ranei te wāhi hanganga raraunga i roto i te utu pēke whakatü mekameka logistic tino i hanga ranei e faaite ratou takotoranga arumoni me haunga rā i te tātari atu, he maha o feohi tuku iho (rōpū, cartels Guild et al.). E kore te te huinga i runga ake ngātahi rauemi ohaoha i roto i te whai o ngā whāinga noa o ratou kaiuru. mahi arumoni kore ko to ratou whakaaro tuatahi.

Ko te kupu, ki te nizkointegrirovannnym hanganga kia ngā momo hou o te kōmitimiti - whatunga, taiao mariko, me etahi momo o hononga pakihi rautaki; ngātahi ki te waenganui - hononga rautaki i roto i te puka o kaupapa tahi (JVs), me te momo matarohia o te whakapaipai whakatōpū, ara: rōpū pūtea, me te ahumahi, pāmu e, corporations transnational me rauiwi me tahatika; ki te hanganga tino integrated - haumi rautaki ki wae whai wāhitanga tika tahi me te pakihi, hanga i roto i mergers me hoko.

whakarōpū ingoa taea ki te whai i te kunenga mai i roto i te orokohanga o te puka o te whakapaipai kōmitimiti. Ko te kupu, sredneintegrirovannye me hanganga tino integrated tohu momo puāwaitanga o ngā rōpū pēke e kaha e mahi i roto i te rau tau XIX-XX ka riro whānui peeke ao. I te wa ano, he nui horapa i te wā nei o te taonga iti momo ngātahi - mariko whatunga hinonga hanganga pakihi, me te te ngāwari tino i roto i ona momo taea o tuitui o nga kamupene - hononga rautaki. tupu tenei mea ïa o te mea hunga ao taua peeke e kua taputapu tino waia o ngā mahi pūtea, puta noa i te ao. Enei puka Ko te panoni pakihi matua i roto i te ao, a ka he wā te rōpū pēke nui kaiwhakahaere o te hiahia tipu mo te muri rite te puka ake hangore, me te reversible o kōmitimiti.

Ko te momo pāwhaitua runga ake i ngā take rerekē, rerekē i roto i ngā o te oraraa, a whai hua rerekē o te mahi. Ko te kupu, e hāngai ana te whatunga pūtea mariko i te whakatinanatanga oti te nuinga o ona rauemi. e kore e Kei roto i te rōpū o te mātauranga ture herea e nga ngā o kapa, e hanga tenei momo o te hanganga integrated ngāwari, engari iu. Heoi, ao peeke mahi o taua hinonga rite here tono. He puka rerekē te haumi rautaki: i te whakaaetanga i runga i te rangahau pūtaiao tahi i mua i te hanumi, o pareparenga me kamupene ki te rauropi ōhanga kotahi ki whanaunga rawa tahi tata. He whānui o ngā momo motuhake o te haumi momo hanga tenei momo o te tuitui meinga. Ko te haumi whakarato mo te taea o te ànui o whakataunga, no te mea i roto i tona kamupene ngā pūtake tūao, me te whaihua. Heoi, he uaua tino ki te whakahaere me te whakahaere i tenei hanganga, rite tā reira te huinga o fepakipaki: hoa o te moni. Hanumi, / hopu kōmitimiti ko te ting ngā auauhia, o te oraraa, me ngā whāinga motuhake. Ko te hua matua e tūmanakohia ana e te kaiwhakahaere rangatōpū ki te hanga whakatau i runga i te hanumi, / absorption, ko: te paetae o he kohinga kaha, whakaiti utu me te tupu tere o te whakapaipai.

Ko te kupu, i te wā nei o te whanaketanga o te ōhanga ao te tūranga te whakanui ake takaro e nui ngā rōpū pūtea-ahumahi o enei momo. Nga kamupene nui rawa, ka pau te taea o te tupu organic, te whakamahi o mergers me hoko, me te te hanganga o hononga o ngā momo rerekē o ngā hanganga mō te whakapakari i me te pupuri i whakataetae i roto i te mākete pūtea ao.