Nazarbayev pehea tau? Haurongo Nursultan Nazarbayev

Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbaev - peresideni (tuatahi, me te anake) Kazakh SSR (1990-1991) me te Republic o katatānga (Hakihea 1991 - hakari). I roto i te 1984-1989 ahu e ia te Kazakh SSR Kaunihera o Minita, a ka meinga te hēkeretari tuatahi o te Pāti Communist. He te taitara o "Leader o te Nation". I roto i 2011, te iwi anō-pōtitia peresideni Nursultan Nazarbayev mo te wha o nga wa. I roto i tenei tuhinga ka kia te aroaro o koutou haurongo o te peresideni o katatānga. Ka ako ano hoki koe e pā ana ki te tini o nga tau i Nursultan Nazarbayev. Kia tīmata a.

ngā mātua

whanau Nursultan Nazarbayev i roto i te kainga o Chemolgan (Alama-Ata rohe o te Kazakh SSR) i roto i te tau 1940. whai wāhi ngā mātua o te peresideni i mua nei i roto i te ahuwhenua. Matua - Abish - haere mai ahau i te Nazarbaya whiu whānau, me tona whaea - Alzhan - mullahs kainga whānau Kasyk. Ko Nursultan papa tangata koa, me te whai. I tua atu ki te Kazakh, mohio ia reo Russian me Balkar. nehenehe waiata Abish waiata Russian ko Kazakh, i koa ki ngā manuhiri tonu, ka ko e taea ki te hoatu pai tohutohu. Na e matau ana koutou e founga tawhito Nazarbayev. whakaahua poto whānau o te peresideni.

whānau

Kei Haurongo Nazarbayev raraunga o tona tupuna ki te iwi 12. i mohio ia Sam Nursultan i tamarikitanga. Ko te whakatupuranga tuawaru o tona tupuna tika ko Karasai Batyr, mohiotia hoki ana mahi i roto i te whawhai ki a djungars (1640-1680 biennium). ka karanga a Nursultan Nazarbayev koroua. E ai ki ngā tuhinga tukunga kōrero i roto i te 1880, ko ia he tangata taonga nui, i te mira wai ki conected ki reira aryk.

A, no te i roto i te 1991 whakaputaina e ia he pukapuka, "kore te maui, me te tika", ako Kazakhs e pā ana ki te āhua o tawhito Nazarbayev kore anake, engari i kite ano hoki e pā ana ki katoa tona whanaunga.

• Te tuahine - ANIPA.
• Teina - Satybaldy me Bulat.
• Wife - Hara Alpysovna. I tēnei wā Matua te "Kid" tahua aroha.
• Te tamahine a Dariga - Mema o te Paremete, i whakarerea; Alia - Kei te whai wāhi i roto i te mahi, ahu te kamupene hanga "Elitstroy"; Dinara - Ko te pānga nui o National Bank o katatānga, ko te āhua o $ 1.3 piriona.
• Tatou Nursultan 8 mokopuna me 2 nui-mokopuna kua.

Mātauranga me te tīmatanga o tau

Ki te 18 tau rite te kaimahi. I roto i te 1960, puta te peresideni o katatānga heke mai i te kura umanga i Dneprodzerzhinsk. I roto i 1967 puta i roto i nga kareti hangarau i te Karaganda Metallurgical Tūhonoa ngā, te makehe "mataaro pūkaha Metallurgical".

mahi wawe

tīmata Employment History Nazarbayev i whakahaere te hanga "Domenstroy", te wahi mahi ia mō te iwa tau - i te tau 1960 ki te 1969. Ko te kupu whakahaere Nursultan ki ngā mahi ki te mātauranga. kore kua haere hia tona kaha i, a i roto i 1969, i hanga Nazarbayev te upoko o te waka me te tari ahumahi i roto i komiti pa Temirtau. I tua atu, ka whakawhitia te peresideni heke mai ki te mahi Komsomol tukua. Whakahaere mohio Nazarbayev pehea tawhito, engari, ahakoa tona tau taitamariki Nursultan, tautuhi tona wahi i roto i te Komsomol o te kaituhituhi komiti. I muri mai, honoa e ia te kaunihera ā-rohe, a meinga ana ia hei mema o te komiti pa o te rōpū.

mahi ia i 1973 ki te 1984 rite Hekeretari o Nursultan. Ahau whakahaere anake i roto i i mahi ai ia. mahi Nazarbayev i roto i te komiti rōpū rohe me te komiti rōpū me Steel Works, a tae noa i roto i te Rōpū Communist.

ara mahi

Ko te wāhi koki i roto i tona mahi ka haere mai i roto i 1980, ka riro Nursultan te kawana o te Kaunihera Hupirimi. I roto i tenei tūranga, mahi ia mo tekau tau. I roto i tenei wā, ka haere mai Nazarbayev rite te mema o te Central hi'opo'a Kōmihana o te CPSU, a whakakitea iho rite te tangata haepapa me te mātau.

Ngā nui mo te heke mai o te peresideni o katatānga i roto i te tau 1984, ka i whakaritea e ia Tiamana o te Kaunihera o Minita. mohio te kāwanatanga Nazarbayev pehea tawhito. ko tau 44 anake ia. Ko te kupu, ka Nursultan Nazarbayev te Minita whakaotinga Pirimia o te Republic.

utua te rima tau i muri mai o te mahi pakeke atu, a ka pōtitia Nazarbayev tuarua o te USSR. I roto i te waenganui-1989, rihaina ia ei Peresideni o te Kaunihera o Minita, ki te tango i te pou o te hekeretari tuatahi o te Pāti Communist o katatānga.

wikitoria rahi

April 1990 Ko te oaoa i roto i Nursultan mahi. I pōtitia ia peresideni o te Kazakh SSR. Ko nui te wikitoria. I roto i te pōtitanga, piro ia 99 ōrau i roto o 100. Ko tōna angitu korerotia ia i roto i 1999, te whakawhānui ana mana peresideniraa ki 7 tau. I roto i te 2005, kihai i Nazarbayev heke iho i te tūranga mua. I muri i te katoa, i hoatu e kotahi ano te iwi o katatānga ia te nikau. I roto i te tīmatanga o pōtitanga i roto i 2011 i pōtitia anō Nursultan Nazarbayev mo te wha o nga wa. Na, me pehea koroheketia Nazarbayev i te mana i te wheriko kau? I roto i Hōngongoi i tēnei tau ka waiho reira rite 26 rā o pōtitanga hou - Hakihea 2016.

mema rōpū

I mua i te tiango o te Soviet Union Nursultan Nazarbayev i roto i te Rōpū Communist. Ko te Ture o te Republic o katatānga reira ko te tuhinga, e opani te upoko o te kāwanatanga no ki tetahi rōpū ranei ki arahi i te reira. Ahakoa tenei, tautoko Nazarbayev te rōpū "Nur Otan". arahina ia ia i roto i te tau 2007, i te mea kua whakatikaina te kaupapa ture.

faaino

whakahē Nursultan Nazarbayev i wha ngā matua: ti'amâraa o te whakapuaki, te pirau, he fifi o te takitahi me te tika tangata. Kia titiro tatou ratou i roto i ngā kōrero.

haere noa o te kupu

International whakahaere "Reporters waho Taitapa" Kua toutou tuhia maumaui o te haere noa o te kupu i roto i te katatānga. Whakatauranga o haere noa o korero i roto i te pāpāho i te whare Freedom e te whenua i 175 th wahi i roto o 197. Anton Nosik (kaiwhakahaere pāpāho "Live Journal") ka karanga te ārai o te rauemi i roto i katatānga tikanga theocracies obscurantist me dictatorships fakatikitato. Na hanga te faahitihia "Reporters waho Taitapa" Nazarbayev ki te rārangi o "kaitukituki" pāpāho, i whakaputaina i roto i te International Day Press Freedom.

pirau

Transparency International i roto i 2004 whakawhiwhia katatānga 122 th i roto i te ao i roto i ngā o te pirau. Ko te katoa maha o whenua i roto i te rārangi - 146 2.2 o 10 - ko e te katoa kaute o katatānga. Kia mōhio ai ki te ko te kaute i raro te tau 3, tohu te reira i te aroaro o "te pirau rohe" te whenua o. ua faaite Nursultan Nazarbayev whakamutunga "whawhai tapu", whakaputaina he Faaiteraa tika "10 anti-pirau." Ko te tuhinga e haina he maha o mehua ki te aro tenei āhuatanga i ngā taumata katoa o te hapori, me te āhua. Otiia e kore e kore i tenei arahina ki tetahi hua. I te mutunga o 2013 maturuturu iho Kazakhstan ki 140 wahi th.

He maha o te ao NGO Nazarbayev whakatupato te Kawanatanga ki te hanga i te ahua o anti-pirau. Ahakoa o te peresideniraa o te Pākehā Organization mo mahi tahi me te Haumarutanga i 2010, he maha activists i roto i te whenua, me te noa atu mea e ki te whakaoti i te raruraru "o te pirau" me "taahoa tika tangata" i te kāwanatanga o katatānga whakaritea e kore e hanga i tetahi kaha. Nazarbayev te utuafare Kairiritia ake i roto i te raupapa o ngā tūhuratanga ki te ngaki, utu me te moni papamuka e, whakahaere e te kāwanatanga ke.

"Kazakhgate" ko te take i te pirau tino ingoa nui i roto i katatānga. tīmata te reira i katoa ki te meka i roto i 1999, kua whakatotoka feia imi Swiss he maha o ngā pūkete pēke i no nga taumata teitei o te mana (tae atu Nazarbayev) ki rangatira Kazakh. tahuri te reira i roto i taua whakawhiti te moni ki enei kaute te US hinu kamupene. He tau i muri mai, piri te Hononga o Amerika i roto i te tūhuratanga, me te piri noa e rave rahi mau aamu, te rangatira o te mea i (rite ki o ratou whakaaro) Nursultan Nazarbayev. Ko te nui katoa o ngā rawa i murua moni ki $ 1 piriona. I roto i te 2007, ki te mana Kazakh te panga o ngā kerēme katoa mo te moni, ka i roto i 2010, haere atu te US Justice Department utu katoa Nazarbayev ka katia te take.

Fifi o te tuakiri

Kua tuhia maha kairīpoata te oraraa o te fifi o te tuakiri o Nursultan Nazarbayev. I roto i te tau torutoru mua, he tokomaha rangatira Kazakh me ngā mema o te whiriwhiri ki kaha tautoko i tēnei au. Hoariri o kerēme o te peresideni e kua roa vai te whenua ki te fifi o te tuakiri Nazarbayev. Heoi, kore i te rōpū Nursultan hoa. He he ano hoki te tirohanga e, i roto i te hui o te fifi o te tuakiri Nazarbayev "hara" e te iwi.

tika tangata

Kua tonu i te wāhi o te tirohanga o ngā waho i te käwanatanga, me te kāwanatanga me te tika tangata i roto i katatānga kua tētahi wāhi o te āwangawanga. E ai ki te kamupene Freedom Whare, kua whakahaere nei he ako i runga i te rohe o katatānga, tika tōrangapū i roto i te whenua i te whakatauranga - 6, me wāteatea ā - 5 (mā te whakamahi i te tauine i te 1 ki te 7, i reira te tau 1 - te auau teitei). Ko, i roto i te kingitanga o te hapori Nazarbayev mohio "kore noa."

Kaituhi o ngā pukapuka

• "Putake o te rangimarie".
• "Kore te mahue me tika."
• "Ara o Kazakhstan".
• "I runga i te paepae o te rautau 21."
• "Mutunga mate Kremlin."
• "I roto i te hītori rere" et al.

tuhinga kaituhi

• "Tekau tau Critical".
• "Ko te ngakau tupato ariki."
• "Tuitui Economic - kahore he kē whaitake."
• "Ara o whakaoti rapanga Moana Aral rohe."
• "Ko te tikanga hou, te pereki tawhito."
• "Ko te pānga o te rōpū: Take me Wheako".
• "Economy o Kazakhstan: Prospects me Reality"
• "Wāhi Eurasian: te whakatinanatanga o te pümanawa kōmitimiti" et al.

taitara

I roto i te Mei 2010, nga kawana o nga Majilis i haere he mōkihi o pire i hoatu e te aito o tenei tuhinga i te mana o te rangatira o te iwi. whakaritea ana tēnei tūnga te ki Nursultan noa te mutunga o te ora e kore e whakawhirinaki i runga i te tini o nga tau, ka tangohia ake te peresideni Nazarbayev tona pou. Ko, he reira i roto i ka i tetahi take e whai wāhi i roto i te ruruku o ngā kaupapa whakawhanakehia e pā ana ki e rua kaupapa here kāinga me te ke. I tua atu, Nazarbayev ia me nga mema o katoa o tona hapu, ka watea i taunahatanga taihara.

Ko te whakapakoko i roto i te ahurea

I roto i te 2011 ka haere mai i te torutoru pikitia tohu ana i te whakapakoko o te peresideni Nursultan Nazarbayev. O enei, ako te whakarongo e pā ana ki te āhua o tawhito Nazarbayev (Palesiteni o katatānga tēnei wā i roto i '74), me te ako e pā ana ki te mau taime matua o tona haurongo. e hiahia ana ahau ki te mea i te tahi kupu e pā ana ki te kiriata "Te Sky o toku Kōhungahunga". parau te kiriata e pā ana ki tona tamarikitanga, me te taitamarikitanga Nazarbayev. Ano mōhio te whakaari "Teren tamyrlar" i whakatapua ki te huritau 20 o te motuhake o Kazakhstan.

runaruna

Te tangata e matau me pehea maha nga tau i teie nei, a he miharo Nazarbayev e i roto i tenei tau o te peresideni rahi nui korowha, tēnehi, a pai retireti.

meka ngā

• Hakihea 1, Kazakhstan whakanui Day o te peresideni, e taka ki te kāwai o hararei kāwanatanga.
• Whakatauria nūpepa Handelsblatt, ko Nazarbayev i te runga 10 rangatira momona o te ao, me ratou whenua mana mutunga. Ki te waimarie o $ 1.1 piriona e Nursultan Nazarbayev wahi 10.
• I roto i te Kazakh Criminal Code he tuhinga whakarato rite whiu mo te whawhai i runga i te ora o te utu rangatira mate te whenua o. A faaohipa i te reira noa, ki te mutu te nganatanga i roto i te kore.
• I roto i te Chechen Republic, Horano me Turkey, hoatu tona ingoa ko ki te torutoru ara.
• Ko tetahi o nga toa e rua o te wā i roto i te tari. whakaara ake tenei te pātai arorau: "hia tau i kingi ai e Nazarbayev?" Whakautu: 26 tau. Post i te tangata tuatahi o te kāwanatanga riro ia i roto i te tau 1989. Ko te-wā tuarua - Ihirama Karimov (palesiteni Uzbekistan).
• Ko te huru whānui o te hapu Nazarbayev - $ 7 piriona.
• Ukraine, Turkey me Almaty he urupa ki a ia.
• I te 2013, te pae tukutuku o te niupepa "New York Times" hanga he whakatauranga o te kino dictators o Ahia. Ko Nursultan Nazarbayev. Kia pehea te tawhito ko te peresideni i roto i te kaha me te aha angitu tutuki i roto i tenei wa, i tona whenua, e kore te tānga i tiaki. Ko te whāinga matua ko te ki te kukume hunga pänui.
• whakahaere whakataetae "tonotono Best o te Tau" i roto i 2014 e te pokapū ka hāpaitia e French mo te ako o te hara. ka mau Nursultan Nazarbayev wahi tuatahi, toa 100 Euros.
• I roto i te Hui-tanguru, 2014, whakaarohia Nazarbayev ki whakaingoa i Kazakhstan Kazak. Ki te whakamārama o te wāriu o te moni motu, i whakapataritari te fanongonongo he tauhohenga whakauru i roto i te hapori.