Mycotoxicoses - reira ... Preventing mycotoxin

hua Waste o etahi harore tū he fakatu'utāmaki nui ki te tangata me te kararehe. He he he mea pēnei i mycotoxicoses. Tenei rōpū motuhake o te mate e kua puta ake e tika ana ki te pānga kino o tāoke - hua pūkoro tinana o harore pokepokea ai.

He aha te mea te tūpono o te pokepokea ai

He parare i roto i te fenua katoa o to tatou paraneta enei microorganisms, me nga tāoke hua ratou meinga nui kino ki te ōhanga e rua (rite ki te hua o te kino rauemi), me te tangata, me te kararehe hauora. riro ere mō te kohi Products, ratou reka me te tahi atu mau huru maitatai organoleptic ma'ihia koi. Harore, e kia tīmata te whanaketanga o te pokepokea ai, kua wehea harore ki pirinoa (mīharo ahurea ora) me saprophytes (ko ratou i runga i nga oranga o ngā tipu mate). Ko te āhuatanga tino pai mō rātou whakahohenga - teitei pāmahana, rangi haumākū i 95% haumākū kai o e pā ana ki te 30%. Tukumate mycotoxin (i reira e pā ana ki 250) e taea te tīmata ratou oranga, me te kotinga, me i te transportation he rokiroki ranei. Ki te kai i te kararehe te kai, te mate fungal o te pokepokea ai, te kai, riro te waiu te wāhi noho o taua microorganisms. I roto i tenei take, te huaketo te tūponotanga o, me te tangata e ka whakamahi i ēnei hua. taea ki te kawe ia ratou ki te whakangaro mycotoxicosis kararehe ko. Ko kahore maumaui iti nui e taea meinga tāoke raraunga i roto i te tangata.

pānga tōraro o mycotoxins

Te kaiwhakarewa he pānga tino kino i runga i tata pūnaha katoa o te tinana. Etahi o ratou meinga mate ma'i, etahi i ia mutu te mahi o te pūnaha io. Dermatitis, mate pāwera, dysbiosis - Ko pea enei nga tohu tino mārire e taea meinga mycotoxicoses me mate fungal. Ka taea e ēnei mate tīmata te whanaketanga o te ma'ii'o tākihi, kauti, korekore, hoko nga oko, engari arahi ano hoki ki te ahua o te pukupuku. He maha nui o enei microorganisms pā te whanaketanga o te kukune i roto i nga wahine hapu. Ko tētahi atu wāhi nui - e taea ki te whakaawe i te taputapu ira tangata ratou.

Aflatoxins. Ko te pānga kino o te paihana

Ko te tukumate tino ako o mate fungal o mikotoksikozov intestinal - A.flavus, aflatoxins. Kia whakawhanake i roto i te kānga, te witi, raihi, he pini koukou, kawhe, etahi huawhenua me hua. Fele tāoke raraunga kitea i roto i hua, i roto i te wā onge i roto i ngā hua kararehe - kai, waiu, hua (ki runga, ki te 1 mg / kg). Ahakoa iti o aflatoxins e taea ki te whai i te pā tōraro i runga i ngā tamariki taitamariki. Kua whakapumautia tohunga he hono i waenganui i te whanaketanga o te mate pukupuku ate tuatahi, me tenei rōpū o tāoke. Ki te te tomo tonu aflatoxin te tinana, kia wheako i te tangata mate taimaha. pōturi hoki tamariki ki raro tona tupu. Nuinga o ngā wā, tenei kaihoko ai mycotoxicosis kararehe - poaka, kuao kau me nga koati. Ko te tairongo ki aflatoxins me parera, taketake, kuihi hoki reira. A, no te he mate nui o te mate ka taea o te 30% ki te 100% o te taupori katoa.

Fuzariotoksiny. tohu o te haurangi

Ki te hotoke te witi ki raro i te pōro o hukarere, te mōrea nui o Fusarium harore. He tino pūmau ona hua o te pākia e. kihai i whakangaromia Fuzariotoksiny i te tukanga o kohua, whai resistance matū tiketike. rongoa hoki i roto i neke atu i te tau kotahi te witi. Enei tāoke meinga taua mate rite angina ero. Tuatahi, i reira e ahua kino tohu o te nui korokoro, whānui. Na ka makaka te tatau pūtau toto ma tino (tata 10 ngā wā). heke ano pūtoto, kia puta he ohorere āhuatanga i runga i te kiri. Neke atu i te wa, kei te whakawhanake i te reira tukanga necrotizing. Na reira, mate fungal, mycotoxicoses - ko te mate tino kino tono maimoatanga mātau me paturopi tenei. Witi poke fuzariotoksinami, i roto i tetahi take e kore e tika ana mō te kohi tangata e rua tangata me te kararehe. Whakamahia te reira anake hoki tukatuka hangarau (hei tauira, i roto i te hanga o te waipiro ahumahi).

Ergotism. Ko te tohu tuatahi

Ko tētahi atu harore, i te mea nehenehe o te patu purapura, - Claviceps purpurea. Koroni o te moroiti he tae papura pouri. Ka taea e puta i runga i spikelets rai, witi. Ki te te ata horoia te witi o te ergot, kua tukua te matū paitini tika ki te paraoa. Baking o taua rauemi e taea meinga ergotism. I te wa ano pānga reira nga whekau o te pūnaha kūnatu. Whakaatu nga tohu katoa o te paihana - whakapairuaki, ruaki, mamae puku. He ahua nui o te mate āhuatanga e whakaeke o moemoea, kuawa. puka pea a olotou, i roto i nei i reira he necrosis o te topito, mata. Treatment i roto i tenei take symptomatic whakahaua ki tango o te haurangi. Ko te tikanga tuatahi o te tohe ergot ko te horoi tino o kai.

Stahibotriotoksikoz

Mycotoxicoses raraunga - he mate e te hunga ake noa i roto i enei kararehe he onge i roto i te tangata. Ko te māngai pūtake - tāoke harore Stachybotrys alternans. Stahibotriotoksikoz - huru tino nanakia o nga hoiho, kararehe, me te heihei. Ko te pikitia haumanu ko e whai ake: i reira he mumura i roto i te wahi gastrointestinal, a ka - pāpaka necrotic o te pūnaha kūnatu. Whakawhanake kore ngakau whakapeka, agranulocytosis. Ko tētahi atu mate e pā te pūnaha Cardiovascular o te kararehe, - dendrodohpotokeikoz. Āhuatanga o tenei mate ko tona nāianei tere, hua i roto i te mate o te kararehe puta.

Ētahi atu mycotoxins mōrearea

E kore hua pūkoro iti mōrearea o harore e ochratoxin A, patulin. tāoke piha Tuatahi whakaputa harore Penicillium, Aspergillus. titau hoki tona kōtuitanga te haumākū nui o te hua (kore iti iho i te 22%). Taua mycotoxicoses - kei te pau iho nga kararehe, mahi tākihi waimaero i roto i te tangata. I tua atu, ochratoxin, komuhumuhu i roto i te toto, a ka he taea ki te tomo ki roto ki te waiu uma. rangahau Laboratory whakau tona pānga carcinogenic. piki Patulin te nuinga i roto i hua, hua. Ko reira taa'eraa e he ātete ki tiketike pāmahana tenei tāoke, kia taea te kitea i te reira me hua tukatuka hua pirau. Rawa maha kitea patulin i aporo wai. Pānga e meinga poisoning tāoke, nui nui. Tenei me te edema roro, me te pōrearea tākihi, tana pukapuka.

Ārai i te haaputuputuraa o tāoke i roto i ngā tipu

Hei whakaiti mycotoxicoses, me ngā ārai o ratou ahua i nga mahi e whai ake nei. tupuranga Plant - he tikanga whai hua o te tohe nei harore. Whanaketanga o te engineering ira taea faatupu i te ātete tiketike ki microorganisms ahurea. Ko te parau tumu tuarua te tono tika o hangarau ahuwhenua ko. kia kohia Harvest rite ki te ture whakapumautia. Ko tino hira hoki maimoatanga muri o te witi. Tuatahi e hiahia ana koe ki te horoi ake nga hua pāngia i te huānga. Me kawea Storage o rauemi raw i roto i ngā wāhi pai-hā, he mea nui e kore e ki te nui ake i te ahurea paepae haumākū. He mea nui ki te kawe i ngā mahi e hāngai ana ki te whakangaromanga o kiore, pepeke i roto i ngā wāhi rokiroki witi. I mua ki te hua tukatuka mamae whakamātautau taiwhanga mo te aroaro o mycotoxins. Ki te kitea e ratou, ko reira e tika ana ki te horoi i te rauemi raw tona withdrawal oti i te hanga ranei.

Prevention o mycotoxin i roto i te kāinga

Mycotoxicoses - he mate e maha i ma'i. Whakaemi tāoke anake i muri i te tetahi wa timata whakihauā to tatou tinana. Na reira, i roto i te taiao ā-whare he mea tino nui ki te karo i te whanaketanga o pakete i runga i kai. He mea nui ki te mahara e te take tuatahi e whakaihiihi ana tipu o enei microorganisms he haumākū nui, me te tiketike pāmahana. Foods e pahua hohoro, he mea e tika ana ki te āta titiro. I te tohu tuatahi o te pokepokea ai i runga i to ratou whakamahinga he pai ki te paopao ki. O te akoranga, e kore katoa o te pokepokea ai - ko reira paihana kino. Heoi, te aituä he tonu e kore ratou hauora utu reira. E pā ana tēnei ture ki hua, huawhenua, taonga tunu, jams me ētahi atu whurutu. kia hoki kia āta tirotirohia Pet kai. Ki te kitea witi huaketo hoki kai ko kua taea taua kai. mycotoxicoses kai ahei o meinga kino nui ki kararehe me nga manu.