Mountains Balkan: kiripuaki oti

Ko te whānuitanga maunga Balkan Stara Planina (Old Mountain) - tetahi o nga pūnaha maunga tino ataahua i roto i Europe. whiwhi tatou ki te mohio ona āhuatanga taketake me ngā āhuatanga motuhake.

Exploring maunga Old

Stara Planina (te ingoa Serbian me Bulgarian o te ingoa wahi) - te ingoa tuarua o nga maunga Balkan me nga Balkans, rite i huaina ratou mua. I teie mahana, titi te ingoa whakamutunga mo ratou te Balkan Peninsula. I roto i te maunga onamata huaina Αἶμος, Latin - Haemus. Whakaaro te pūnaha maunga nui o te āhua Bulgarian, e taea te kitea te hokohoko atu ki te hauauru o nei i runga i te rohe o Serbia o tenei ra.

ngā Mountain te tuwha i te Bulgaria hou i roto i te Te Tai Tokerau, me Tonga, whiti te whenua i te hauauru ki te rawhiti. wehea mua Balkan Mountains i te raki Moesia tonga Makeronia me Thrace. Tenei awhe maunga ko te hokohoko atu tūturu o te tupuke hoa-Southern Carpathians e whakawhiti kuwaha rino (whāiti o te mangai) o te awa Danube i te rohe o Romania me Serbia.

Kei hea ko te Mountains Balkan, he reira mārama tonu i te ingoa o te pūnaha maunga - e hoatu ana e ia te ingoa ki te kūrae katoa i runga i nei kei te. taunga Taipitopito: 43,2482 N, 25,0069 Te Tai Rāwhiti. Ko te roa tapeke o te whānuitanga maunga - 555 km. e kore e Mountains Balkan teitei nui 2.376 mita - he iti maunga mōrahi Botev tenei.

Ngā āhuatanga o te ngā maunga Stara Planina

Range Balkan i hanga i roto i Cainozoic kowhiria, He maha ngā āhuatanga motuhake:

• āhuatanga arowhenua: te Mountains Balkan - he whakarara ki tetahi ki tetahi ki te tihi, ki te tupuke maheni. Ratou hanganga ko e whai ake: granite Precambrian me Paleozoic me schists me conglomerates Mesozoic, flysch, hōanga, pākeho me te Karst.
• Whakaahuatanga te tauturu: te hawhe raki o te matapuna mahaki e aroaro, e riro piri ki nga mania Lower Tanupi mania. Southern tupuke, i runga i te anga ke, he pari, me te taikaha.
• āhuatanga huarere: mahi maunga rite te ahua o te taiepa-klimatorazdelom i waenganui i rohe o te raki me te tonga o Bulgaria. kohikohi ratou heru ake ki 800-1000 mm o te ua tau; he torutoru marama o nga tihi tau takoto i raro i te potae te hukarere.
• Hydrography: i roto i te maunga Balkan, ka taea e kitea e koe i te takenga mai o taua awa kia rite ki te Ogosta, vit, Lom, Osam, Timok - i konei o ratou upoko moenga raki ki te Tanupi. I roto i te rawhiti Stara Planina whakawhiti awa Kamchia raorao, a i roto i te uru - te awa Iskar.
• Flora: Ko te tihi o te maunga - i tenei maunga raorao, Marehekepa. Āhuatanga e titahatanga takawai te raki - te coniferous (ngahere paina) ranei tawai, oki, ngahere hornbeam, moata ki 1700-1800 m rohe rawhiti o te maunga Balkan e hipoki ki te paraikete matotoru o ngahere te hōtoke, māotaota understory rerekē, te whatunga o waina ..
• Extraction o ngā kohuke: waro me te lignite; rino, parahi, mata, me te konutea tokahuke.

History, o Nāianei

Hoki te wā tuatahi tuhia te ingoa Bulgarian-Serbian o te whānuitanga maunga Stara Planina i roto i 1533. I runga i nga titahatanga raki o te Mountains Balkan, ka taea e ngā tūruhi kitea he rota o urupa no ki te wā o Bulgarian te kaupapa tau'atāina motu. ngā te reira i te Freedom Monument. Kua kitea hoki i nga maunga ratou rerenga he maha o monasteries - Kremikovsky, Sokolsky me etahi atu.

ka nga puna kohuke o nga maunga i runga i te Balkan Peninsula te pūtake mo te maha o Haerea maunga pai-mohiotia - Ribaritsa, Varshets, Teteven, me ētahi atu No iti maunga rongonui me Steneto National Park me momona haere :. Shipka, Petrohan, Virbishsky, Chureksky, Republic Pass me te awaawa o te awa Iskar.

Ko Western Stara Planina taonga i roto i Karst, hanga enei Trekkers wahi rapu ki te oaoa i te ana Karst mīharo: Rabisha (ka taea e koe te whakatau me te peita toka tahito), Ledenika, SYEVA-dupka me ētahi atu.

maunga Botev

Ko te wāhi tino teitei rawa o te Balkan Mountains Yumrukchalom huaina tuatahi (i roto i te translation - a Manaia ma-maunga). E whā tau (1942-1946) i huaina ai te tihi o Ferdinand i te honore o te kingi, e whakatika ki tona tihi. Na ano hoki e wha nga tau ko ia motokia-maunga, i roto i 1950 kihai i whiwhi tona ingoa hakari - ingoa o Hristo Botev, rohi pehe orurehau me Bulgaria.

Kei runga i te teihana pouaka whakaata, reo irirangi Botev runga, hipokina 65% o te rohe o te kāwanatanga Bulgarian me te teihana huarere, e roto i te Tama'i II o te Ao i riro e te kau Nasí, ka mahi hoki ratou take nei tohu. I teie mahana, i roto i nga tūruhi whakamutunga taea wātea me te huna i te rangi, ki te kai. I ona taiepa haere tāpiri whakatū papa e pā ana ki o ratou pikinga.

Ngā wāhanga Mountains Balkan

I ngā wā, i reira e toru rohe Stara Planina:

• Te Tai Rāwhiti. Ko reira te wahi flat, te faaatea ki Spurs motuhake, tetahi o i te mea he Rig ahurei Stara Planina. Ko tōna mata - ko Cape emine inemizana, te wāhi rawhiti o te Mountains Balkan.
• Toharite. Rawa, wāhi ataahua, me te rongonui o nga Balkans, wehe i te tahi atu e rua. Tona rohe Iron Gate (Vratnik) me Zlatishsky haere. Ko reira konei e te akitu Botev Triglav Vejen, hiri a Horomona (Alec) Ambaritsa (Levski).
• Te Hau-ā-uru. Taketake reira i te rohe ki Serbian me toro ki te haere Zlatishskogo. Here taea e koe te faahiahia i te tihi o Midžor.

Ko te maunga o te Balkan Peninsula

I tua atu ki te maunga matamua i runga i te kūrae e te whai ake pae maunga:

• Dinaric Alps - rohe ki te hauauru (Montenegro, Croatia, Pōngia me Herekowina).
• Pindos maunga awhe - noa te tonga o te mua (Makeronia, Albania, Greece).
• Rila maunga - raki (Bulgaria), pā reira ki a ratou te wāhi tino teitei rawa o te Balkan Peninsula - 2925-mita tihi o Musala.
• Mountains Rhodope, te wahi tonga wahi e te moana 'Īsiní.
• Pirin - awhe o momo tipu maunga.

Ko te kupu, ko te Stara Planina - e kore ko te pūnaha maunga anake o te Balkan Peninsula. Otiia ko reira ia nei i hoatu te ingoa o te muri, ko reira ia te tangata kua he mana nui i runga i te āhuarangi i roto i Bulgaria.