Mikhail Bogdanovich Barclay de Tolly: poto haurongo, ngā rā matua me ngā kaupapa o tona ora

Mohoa noa nei, i reira he tautohetohe e pā ana ki te wahi tangohia me te wa o te whanautanga o Mihaila Barklaya de Tolly. Ko e tika ana ki te kore o ngā mātāpuna, e pa ana te wā rawa tuatahi o te ora o te rangatira hōia tino tenei.

takenga

E ai ki te haurongo mōhiohio, i puta i roto i te nuinga o pukapuka me ngā pukapuka tohutoro, whanau Mikhail Bogdanovich ko Hakihea 16, 1761. ¶ Na i roto i te Pamushise e kikī ana Lithuanian iti. no tenei rohe ki te Duchy o Courland, i he podvassalnym i pā ana ki te Commonwealth. I roto i te 1795, ka tenei rohe o Lithuania, tahi ki te whenua tetahi wahi o Russia, rite ki te toru o nga wawahanga o Poland.

Otiia i mua i te roa e, ka mau tona papa te tamaiti ki te whakaara i te whānau i roto i St Petersburg. Barclay de Tolly, te iwi o e taea te whakaatu ai i roto i ara rerekē, i pakiaka Norman-German. oho ana tupuna ki Riga i Germany. Koroua Michael i ara tavana o tenei pa. mahi tona papa i roto i te rangatira o te ope Russian heke mai, a ka mutu ki te paetukutuku o te rūtene, a riro te mana hanahana. Ko te hapu o te ingoa o te tamaiti i runga i te kāhua Tiamana - Michael Andersen.

Ko te timatanga o tona mahi hōia

Barclay de Tolly, e kore e te iwi o i haukotia ia i noho i roto i te pane a Russian, riro he mātauranga pai, me te mohio e rave rahi reo Pākehā. Mai i te tamarikitanga ka hiahia i roto i te ariā hōia ia. Ko te kore e ofo tenei, no te mea ka kawea te tamaiti kei te ake i roto i te whare o tona matua keke - Kānara Novotroitsk cuirassier wiki.

I roto i te 1776, ka mau te hoia Pskov Carabinier i te tokomaha o ngā ākonga hou. I roto i te waenganui o ratou ko te kuao, me te Barclay de Tolly. haurongo poto kī reira e kua ahu whakamua te whakatairanga o te mahi a te tangata taitamariki tere. I roto i te take Finland Jaeger ka fo'ou rangatira apiha tautoko whānui Viktora Amadeya Anhalt-Bernburgskogo. Ko he whanaunga tawhiti o te Empress Catherine II.

I roto i 1787 ka haere mai te whawhai i muri ki te Ottoman Empire, i tae e Barclay de Tolly. Kua whakaurua haurongo Poto o ia kōrero e pā ana ki te huaki Ochakov, te wahi ka te rangatira he pakanga tūturu whakapakeke. Hoki te whai wāhitanga i roto i reira M. B. Barklay de Tolly i whakawhiwhia e ia ona mētara tuatahi.

I roto i te 1789, ka mau a Meiha wahi i roto i whawhai e mura ki te Turkey. I te wa ano i whakawhitia te Prince o Anhalt-Bernubrgskogo me tana tangata ki te ope o Finland. Kei te whawhai kua reira ki nga Swedes (te whawhai o 1788-1790.). I roto i tetahi o nga pātanga i werohia Victor Amadeus, aru e M. B. Barklay de Tolly i whakawhitia e ia ki te whakapaipai.

Na, i roto i te 1791, ka moea e te rangatira tona whanaunga Helen. I roto i te i to ratou utuafare e rave rahi tamariki, engari e kore tetahi anake tama i mate i roto i te aruaruraa (Ernst).

Ratonga raro Alexander ahau

tonu Barclay de Tolly, he haurongo poto e parau o maha whakawhiti, ki te mahi pono i te ope Russian. I roto i nga tau 90 o te rau tau 18, whai wāhi ia i roto i te pehanga o te ngangaretanga Polish arahina e Kosciuszko. I te mutunga o te kingitanga o Paora ahau, meinga ana e ia he General Meiha.

I tenei wa i timata nga Wars Napoleonic. Ko te taitama Emperor Alexander ahau ka tangohia e tetahi atu whakakotahi anti-French. Campaign 1805 kitea Mikhail Bogdanovich Army Gen. Leonty Bennigsen. kore kua tēnei hanganga i te wā ki te haere mai ki te whakaora o nga wahi matua o Austerlitz Kutuzov. Na reira, ka hoki Mikhail Barclay de Tolly ki Russia, a e kore e kite i te hinga kuru o te ope Allied.

E kore te rahunga i whatiia te hiahia o Alexander ki te hinga Napoleon. Just he tau i muri mai ka timata War o te maha Coalition, ka whakaekea Prussia France, engari i roto i te mutunga hinga Berlin. haere te wahi Russian o nga hua ki te Tiamana.

I roto i te Hui-tanguru 1807, ka mau a Barclay de Tolly wahi i roto i te pakanga o Eylau. Ia, me Bagration arahina te hiku kaitiaki o te ope Russian, te wahi pānga taka corps o Soult me Murat. i patua Mikhail Bogdanovich i roto i te huha matau, a ka haere hoki maimoatanga i Memel.

Here i roto i April o te taua tau, ka tutaki ia ki a Alexander ahau, ko wai i te wa i ngana ana ki te fakamolū te hinga takawaenga o Napoleon. Ko te rangatira i te tuatahi whakaarohia e te emepera ki te whakamahi i te kaupapa here whenua ngaua. A, no te tapahia te hoariri te atu i ona ake apiianga o kai me ngā rauemi. I roto i tenei take, i ki te mahi i runga i te rohe o te hanganga pahuatia me kowaiwai o te hoariri. Ka rite ki tahuri te reira i roto i roto i te heke mai, ko reira hoatu tenei rauhanga te hua i roto i te Pakanga Patriotic o 1812.

Ko te pakanga Finnish

E ai ki te Tiriti o Tilsit, wehea Russia ko France Europe ki ngā rohe o te mana. Tenei tukua Alexander ki tonoa te ope ki a Finland i roto i te tikanga ki te tīpako i te reira i Sweden. Barclay de Tolly, he haurongo poto i ngā maha pakanga kē kua tonoa ki te Kupio. ka tango tona tinana te pa, a puritia te wahi nui i roto i te noa'tu o te maha ohofi o te hoariri.

I muri i taua, ko te rangatira ki tona tinana WASSC i runga i te huka o te Strait o roa'ee no ka tangohia e rākau Swedish Umeå. I whakapumautia tenei e te wikitoria whakamutunga o Russia.

Nā ki tona angitu, ko Barclay de Tolly te tuatahi Kāwana-Tianara o Finland, a i muri i te minita te whawhai. Tona ara tere e kore e hiahia ana hae, e kite anake whakahihi tāwhai. Rawa e a Michael pakiaka Tiamana kihai i e haere i roto i tona manakohia i te heke mai.

War o 1812

A, no te whakaekea Napoleon Russia i 1812, whakahau Mikhail Bogdanovich te Army Western Tuatahi. I ia ki whakamuri, ki te hanga i te hoariri ki te whenua, te wahi e kua ngoikore kua ia, ka hatepea atu i to ratou whenua tupu. I roto i te Smolensk, apiti ake e ia ki te ope o Bagration, e hohoro timata ki te whakapa he Barclay de Tolly o oreraa ki te arahi i te ope.

Ka rite ki te hua, hoatu te whakahau whānui i Mihailu Kutuzovu. Ko te Battle o āpiha Borodino arahina nga ope tika-parirau. A, no te te whakarau o te whakapaipai, ko Barclay de Tolly roto i te hunga i pōti ki te waiho Moscow.

A, no te reira ko te fifi, a haere ana te ope Russian ki te counter-whakaeke, riro te rangatira poroporoaki, tae atu hoki te take e i roto i te Winter whare, he tokomaha o ana hoa he whakahē "German".

tau tata nei

I muri ka mau a Ao Pakanga Barclay de Tolly wahi i roto i kaupapa ke. kua ia i roto i whawhai maha, tae atu i roto i te "pakanga o Nations" e tata ana Leipzig. Hoki te angitu me te mahi pono ka ia Count me Field Marshal.

I roto i te tau 1818, ka ui matou kōrero hero ki te waiho i te wai kohuke German ki te whakaora. Otiia kihai i ahau i te wā ki te tiki ki te whāinga, ka mate i runga i te ara ki Te Tai Rāwhiti Prussia, 14 (26) o Mei. i tanumia Field Marshal ki hōnore tonu, me ana pungarehu tanumia i te whenua i roto i te Baltic States te utuafare. puta rite wawe rite 1823 te tohu tuatahi ki Barclay de Tolly. I te utu o tona pouaru i whakatūria he whare moengaroa, i pahuatia i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao.