Meka Interesting i te ora o Zhukovsky. Life me Works o Vasiliya Andreevicha Zhukovskogo

Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky - tangata hihiri, i muri i roto i nga mea maha. Ko te meka matua ngā i te ora o Zhukovsky takoto i roto i te meka e kua meinga e ia te pai-mohiotia pehe, translator, me te marae kaitohutohu tika. i taea e ki te ite ratou whakaaro auaha i roto i te patere me waiata, rotarota, me whakamāoritanga ia. Mai tamarikitanga ko reira hiahia kitea mo ataahua, e kihai i Vasily toumoua ki te kawe ki te ora. No te mea o tenei, tatou i teie nei i te whai wāhi ki te pānui i te rotarota o Zhukovsky.

Origin Zhukovsky

kawea VA Zhukovsky i ake e kore tona ake papa, no te mea ko ia kihai i te tama. A no te mea i whanau Basil i roto o faaipoiporaa e Athanasius Ivanovich Bunin (-koroua nui o te rohi pehe Russian me kaituhi Ivan Bunin) me te wahine Turkish whakaraua Salhi. i kawea ia ki Russia i muri i te whakapaenga o te Turkish pa o Bendery. I iriiria, ka hoatu te ingoa o Elizabeth Siu Salha. ka mau ia te hokohoko, ki te kaiwhakarëti. Na, i runga i Hui-tanguru 9 (Kāhua New) 1783, ka puta Basil, engari i hoatu te tamaiti te ingoa o te rangatira whare Zhukovsky, e noho ana i te aroha o Bunin. kawea Bunin i ake tama ki ana tamariki tika. Me ahau mea e hanga tino e riro tana tama te taitara Tā, a kua tuhia mai tamarikitanga tona mahi hōia, Heoi, he mea hanga noa A. I. Bunin. Ko te kupu, i te tau o ono ka te tamaiti he rūtene, a ka whakaaro te taata. Otiia i roto i te pai ai kore e whakahuatia Afanasiy Bunin tama poriro, ka mahue i te faufaa ai'a tamariki tika.

Ko te tuakiri ngā o te rohi pehe?

Ko pono V. A. Zhukovskogo ahua nui i roto i te aamu o te whiti Russian. Faauruhia e te whakaaro o te kaitito Western me kaituhi Vasily hanga ratou mahi ake, ki tonu i te whakapono i roto i te heke mai kanapa ki te iwi, i roto i taua taea riro te reira i te marama, me te motuhake. I roto i te irava whakamahia ia whakapakoko whaiāipo i roto i nei ara mārama atu faaite te whakaaro o motuhake, te pakanga mo nga mau mana'o tiketike o pai, ataahua, me kia.

Ko te kupu ka puta reira nga irava matamua o Zhukovsky - "Rural Cemetery", "Singer i te puni o hoia Russian", "Hiha Alexander." Ia o ratou - he karanga mō te rangimarie, te au, tono ki te natura, te rangimarie me te ata. aroha ana Zhukovsky ki fakakaukau te ataahua me te faauruhia e te reira, e ngana ana ki te oaoa i te āhua me te kaipānui. Na reira, paanga tonu i roto i te taha ki roto o te ora tangata. Ko matara ia i tōrangapū, pakanga, me te pakanga pāpori. Kei te pera e taea e matou te titiro te reira i te reira i roto i te 'rotarota, "rotarota," Ki Batyushkov "," Slav "me etahi atu.

e mohio ana torutoru iwi e Zhukovsky ko te kaituhi o te rārangi "ataahua parakore". I muri ratou Pushkin toutou.

Zhukovsky Āhuahira

He whakauru i roto i te Noble Kuranoho kura, ko ia he hapori tuhituhi, ko tona tiamana. i whakaritea Mahi i roto i te hapori, i arahina nga rōpū katoa i te tūtohinga. Na, ko te tangata o te rohi pehe, me te kaha tūturu ki te whakahaere i te take noa, e whakaatu ana ratou mau taleni e te mau aravihi. Mahalo ko nga huru maitatai e Zhukovsky (pehe) ko te kaiako o Alexander II enei.

titau puna maha e ko Vasily kore noa he kaiwhakaako pai, engari ano hoki i te kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro i te marae. He maha nga wa i whakaorangia e ia i nga kaitito whakahekea, rawa A. S. Pushkina, i taea e pā te tirohanga o te kingi o nāianei, ki te faaiti i te rerenga, T. E. Zhukovskomu tūturu i roto i te mea homai takawaenga.

Hoki te wairua whaiāipo o te rohi pehe anga mālohi uncharacteristic. I te anga ke, mai tamarikitanga i whakanuia ia e te taeae, ko ia tairongo, me te tairongo. I ahau i te whakahaere pai i te pae varua, a kei te hohonu katoa wheako werohia ia. Kua awhinatia Poems me huriraa ki te whakapuaki i te mau mana'o, me te mamae ite e te rohi pehe, a i faauruhia kaipānui e tītaia mārama me te poto, ngā kīanga ataahua e whakaohokia te hiahia ki te ora. Zhukovsky rohi pehe i rite tona mahi auaha.

tūranga o Zhukovsky i te marae kingi

Torutoru o nga kaitito me kaituhi taea whakamanamana o mana nui i te marae. Ko te tikanga, weriweri kaitito mō kupu nui i roto i te irava whakaraua mahi ana ranei, engari whakahaere Zhukovsky ki te wahi i te ngakau emepaea, me he maha nga wa i whakaorangia e ia i nga kaitito whakahekea, i āwhina A. S. Pushkinu, serf punake Shevchenko. Ngā mihi ki a ia, nga Decembrists kahore tonoa ki te turanga, a ka whakahekea ki Siberia. Hoki te pānga taua titau taranata, ko Zhukovsky, ia kore ko. Kore, kore e ora Vasiliya Andreevicha Zhukovskogo haere ki raro i roto i te hītori. whakaatu Facts pehea tino ki te tango i te whakaaro o nga māngai o te rohi pehe whare kingi.

î Zhukovsky tau o te ora i ki te whakaaro o te mātauranga, kia rite ki nei, a ka riro rite ki te manene, me te Russian. Ko te Russian, te iteraa hohonu o te rohi pehe, he o painga nui ki te fatherland, atu i te tangata ke. Ka mahi i te whakamutunga i roto i o te moni-whaiaro, nui atu i mo te aroha o Russia, ka rapu i ona te tangata taua ki te āwhina i te motherland ki te mutunga. Reira takoto te kaha te mana, me te o te fatherland, te wahi te arataki takaro e te kaupapa here o te kingi.

ora Whaiaro o te rohi pehe

Ko Basil Afanasievich tangata kahore kotiro '. Love Tuatahi i tutaki ia i roto i 22 tau i roto i te whare o tona tuahine i tona papa, Ekateriny Protasovoy. Tana tamahine Masha i reira 12 tau tau, i ia he ākonga o Zhukovsky. I muri i 7 nga tau o Basil faivá te Protassova Masha. Otiia riro he kore pakeke rite te whaea kī Catherine e Meri - irāmutu o Basil.

timata te ora Whaiaro Zhukovsky i 58 tau tau, ka haere ia ki a Germany, a marenatia te tamahine o tona hoa, te toi Reitern, April 21, 1841 te rohipehe whakatapua tona maau "Elizabeth Reitern", i tukua i roto i te tau 1840 i roto i te buka aamu "Musical me tapere Gazette ". ko Erihapeti i taua wa 19 tau. Mai i te marena i te tama a Paora, me te tamahine Alexandra. He tau torutoru paopao Zhukovsky te whakaaro o hoki mai ki tona whenua, engari i pokanoa ki te mate o tona wahine.

Fakataha kua noho ratou mo te 15 nga tau.

I roto i April 1852 i roto i te pa Tiamana o Baden-Baden, te ora o te rohi pehe tapahia i poto.

I roto i te 1856, ka mate a Elizabeth Zhukovskaya.

Zhukovsky i roto i te haamana'oraa

meka Interesting i te ora o Zhukovsky hoatu pukapuka o to'utangata. Na nga āhuatanga o rangirua ratou pukapuka. Ētahi kite reira rite te tuakiri puku, me te enigmatic, etahi tautohe e Zhukovsky - wairua o te kamupene. He uaua ki te whakawa i te reira, na reira, whakawhirinaki i roto i korukī.

I roto i ana tohinoa, kāmera-he whārangi o Maria Feodorovna Zhukovsky "mahi muhu", e kore ia puaki he kupu kotahi i roto i Russian. Ko tokomaha pai kōrero hi'o i runga i ngā kaupapa waitara e hua i roto i ngā rotarota tonu o whakapakoko aroha, pērā i "He pūrongo taipitopito i runga i te marama." Ko reira kahore he aituā maha pukapuka whakaatu i te ahua o Zhukovsky i roto i te whiti. I roto i a ratou puta ia "kaititiro", "pakiwaitara", "kaiwaiata o hoia Russian", "Karaitiana." Ko te ingoa o te rohi pehe hoa, whanaunga, me te iwi mohio iti e pā ana ki.

Ahakoa i roto i te ora ia rā ki te kōrero ki a ia i kite te iwi Vasilii Andreeviche matua te rohi pehe. Poto e pā ana ki Zhukovsky mea AD Bludova: "Kōrero ki a ia te taua faateiteihia ... kakahu pumanawa tata pūngāwerewere kitea rite ana whakapakoko whaiāipo." Heoi, i te tahi atu iwi, ako tatou āhuatanga rawa rerekē. I roto i nga pukapuka o hoa tata F. F. Vigelya, A. S. Pushkina, P. A. Vyazemskogo ora me te mahi o Zhukovsky titiro rerekē. whakatika te reira ia tatou i ki te whakapakoko o te hako, hako, "teka rorirori, me te ngingila."

Ko te kupu, fakatahai to tatou hero rua ahua rerekē. Ia faaite kehekehe ano i roto i te ora ia rā, me te i roto i te mahi, engari e ko te te mea e taea ki a koe te hanga i te whakaahua tino tūturu. Ko pātata ki te parody, whakakatakata kaumatua - karanga mo te ora mauritau, me te tika.

tetahi atu tirohanga

meka Interesting i te ora o Zhukovsky kitea, no te tai'o tatou i te pukapuka AO Smirnova-Rosset, mātauranga, wahine aravihi tuhituhi. arotahi ia tona mata i runga i te Zhukovsky rā, a na reira e tona whakaahuatanga o te rohi pehe i runga i te tikanga rerekē katoa. Vasily hei rauhanga, aroha iti, harakore, atawhai, arearea, mateaki, ngahau aroha o te tamaiti, me te ngahau.

I roto i te salons tuhituhi e kore te hunga o waho V. A. Zhukovskogo, no te mea kite ratou i roto ia ia māia i roto i tona mana'o ake o te tangata e ko he hou i roto i te toi tuhituhi. A tawhio noa whakakā tonu ana mahi tautohetohe wera, e te tikanga e whakaoho ratou i roto i ngā kaipānui me hoariri whakapataritari. A ko te ahua o te Zhukovsky watea kōrero ngahau me te tautohetohe. I matakitaki ana ratou e ia i te taha, e pupuri puku. I roto i taua mau taime, te kupu o te kaituhi ia, kitea ia rerenga i roto i te rotarota, "i te mea motuhake o te kaiwhakawa kitea-poto, me te ihirangi iho."

I roto i ana tohinoa, haere te tata hoa A. S. Pushkina Zhukovsky hoa pono, pono, manawanui me te maro: ". Ko te aroraa ki te mau fifi o te maona faahiahia"

take angamaheni

Ētahi meka ngā i te ora o Zhukovsky whakaahua ia ia kia rite ki te, tangata atawhai ohaoha. He maha pukapuka whakanui tona haehaa, engari matau pai tona whakapakoko āwhina kotahi take. I te tau 1840, ua faaoti Zhukovsky hoa ki hoatu ia tina, i hiahia ki te haere mai ki te ahorangi ruhiruhia. kihai te pehe kia kite ia ia i runga i te rārangi i te āheinga, no te mea i kite ia i ana odes ve'a me nga whakatau o Vasily ia. Whakaotia tau'a ki rongo me te tavaega o te kaituhi faaite rite te wairua, te tuakiri o nāianei.

Life me mahi o Zhukovsky whakaatu i ite e ia nga piki me ngā heke, engari i mua i te mutunga o ona ra i noho ai pono ki tona mana'o. Ko ia e kore e tahoo, A. na aroaro S. Pushkinu whakaahua ki te kupu "toa ākonga i te kaiako foi".

Kotahi ra hukapapa kite Zhukovsky tangata rawakore, i te taha o te ara ki te waewae frostbitten. homai ana e ia ki a ia 110 moni (he moni nui i roto i aua ra: no te whakarite, te tina pai i roto i te wharekai utu 10 hēneti). Te ra i muri mai, te kopa o tohutohu Zhukovsky tangohia ki hōhipera me tukinotia mō te kore utu.

I tae he rohi pehe?

• Ko ia te tangata e whakawhanakehia te Romanticism Russian, whai wāhi ki tona putanga ratou auahatanga. Iritiraa mahi Pākehā, faauruhia te rohi pehe i te taha o ngā whakaaro Western ka tamata ki te kawe ia ratou ki te ora o te iwi Russian, engari i ia te reira ko tāna, faka'ehi'ehi mei rerenga pakeke ki te State, ka kua mahia ki tenei te aroha o te rangatira emepaea. I muri i whakawhanakehia whakaaro whaiāipo i roto i nga mahi, me te tahi atu kaitito Russian. I roto i ngā, e hāngai ana A. S. Pushkin i runga i te mahi o Zhukovsky, te faaturaraa i te reira, me te whakamoemiti ana tona taranata.
• Mihi ki te awhina o Zhukovsky rite te mastermind, he mōhio ki te mahi maha o A. S. Pushkina, i roto i ngā ki te pehepehe "Ruslan me Lyudmila" tatou. Alexander - he poto o tuhinga o te rau tau 19 - e kore i taea e tuhituhi atu, kahore pānui irava Ētahi Zhukovsky, a muri anake i te aromatawai o tonu ki te waihanga.
• Ka rite ki te kaiako o te emepera Alexander II o, whakaakona Zhukovsky ki a ia te whakaaro nui, te ti'aturi i runga i nga whakaaro o Westerners, te whakatō iti aroha mo te hinaaro o te kingi, me te mōhiotanga. Ki tenei tikanga, Alexander II, Whakakahoretia serfdom i roto i 1861.
• Creativity Vasily mohio e whakatupuranga maha o kaipānui me tonu rongonui ki tenei ra. mau aufetiiraa te maharatanga ki o reira te.

Zhukovsky Bibliography

Kua mahue Zhukovsky tau o te ora o ratou tohu. Uri haere maha rotarota, translations, tuhinga tuhituhi e whakaheke marama i runga i nga ngā o te mua, ko reira te tuhinga hītori, whakaputaina tenei ra, e te tikanga auaha Vasily o te moni ki a tatou.

Zhukovsky - kaituhi o 6 elegies: ". Singer i te puni o hoia Russian" "Rural Cemetery", "Slav", "moana", "ahiahi", "I runga i te mate o ...",

tuhituhia ana e ia te waiata "Ring Maiden wairua" me "Turgenev, i roto i te whakautu ki tona reta," te waiata, idylls me odes. tuhituhi e ia te waiata motu Russian tuatahi "he Russian pure."

I tona pene ka haere mai te korero patupaiarehe "Sleeping Princess", "Te Tale o Tsar Berende", "Te Tale o Ivan Tsarevich me te Kerei Wolf," "Puss i roto i Boots."

Kaituhi o 12 patere - "Svetlana", "Kingi o te Forest", "Knight Togenburg" me etahi atu. Tona mahi i roto i te tuhi - te pūrākau "Marina Grove". Tuhi tuhinga, ngā whiti, irava, rotarota. i Goethe whakawhitinga tūao, Schiller, Byron, Scott.

Zhukovsky ko he whakaīngoatia pai, me te kua mahue maha huahua ngā i roto i te pene.

haurongo Poto o te rohi pehe

02.09.1783 - te whanau o Vasiliya Zhukovskogo.

1789 - whiwhi i te rangatira.

1797-1801 gg. - whakangungu i roto i te kura, i i roto i mana i te University Moscow.

1802 - tuatahi rite te rohi pehe, me te translator. I roto i te "Journal o Europe" whakaputaina te whiti "Rural Cemetery" - translation noa o nga mahi o te rohi pehe Ingarihi o Kerei. tonu te ora auaha o Zhukovsky noa tona manawa whakamutunga.

O 1808-1809. - ētita o "anahera o Europe".

1812 - mahue Vasily Zhukovsky te hōia. whakamatauria e ia e waho te aroaro i runga i te whenua e kore e taea te tuhituhi rotarota, me te waiata mana'o tāmau whenua. Me koe ki ite i te mau mana'o o te iwi. Kore, i roto i te mau irava e kore e whakapono ki reira.

1815 - karangatia ki te mahi marae. I tua atu ki te tahi atu mau ohipa, i mahi ai rite kaikörero o te Empress Maria Feodorovna.

1817 - i whakaritea ki te whakaako i te reo Russian te rangatira Charlotte.

1825 - whakaritea e ia te kaiako o Alexander II.

1841 - Zhukovsky rīhainatanga i te poari mo te ora i roto i te 4000 moni ia tau. Ko te marena o te rohi pehe. Te neke ki Germany.

pa 24.04.1852 - te mate o te rohi pehe. Tomb V. A. Zhukovskogo kei roto i St. Petersburg, i roto i te urupā o te Alexander Nevsky pakiki. Kei te tū te reira i muri ki te urupa N. M. Karamzina - te kaiako o te rohi pehe.