M. I. Platov Ataman: haurongo, nga uri o te Cossacks Ataman Platova Matveya Ivanovicha

Ko tētahi o nga whika tino ngā o te Pakanga o 1812 ko Matvei Platov - Ataman o nga hoia Don Cossack. Ko ia he tangata rawa faahiahia, me te ngā. I tua atu ki te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, whai wāhi maha atu whawhai Ataman Platov. Ko te haurongo o tenei tangata ka waiho i te kaupapa o to tatou kōrero.

tamarikitanga

whanau Future Ataman Matvey Ivanovich Platov i roto i August 1751 i roto i Cherkassk, ko wai i taua wa ko te whakapaipai o nga Cossacks Don. Tona papa, Ivan, no ki te whenua o nga rangatira Cossack, ko tona whaea, Anna Illarionovna (b. 1733), ko te hoa pono o te ora ki tana tane.

I tua atu ki te Mataio, i toru atu tamariki, tane katoa te whānau: Anaru, a Tepene ko Pita.

I roto i te aha te huru o ngā mahi ka whiriwhiri i te ara o te heke mai Ataman M. I. Platov, i reira ko kahore he feaa. O te akoranga, te tama a te Cossack taea anake e te Cossack.

I te tau o rima, piri Matiu te tari o te Don Cossacks, i te he i te ana'iraa o te haihana. E toru nga tau i muri riro ia te taitara e whai ake nei - rangatira Cossack.

i whakapumautia kua Platov ia rite te tangata haepapa hāngai ki tetahi mahi.

I runga i te parekura

ka mau a Future Ataman Matvei Platov wahi i roto i te pakanga Russian-Turkish o 1768-1774. I roto i te 1771 whai wāhi ia i roto i te whawhai i runga i te raina Perekop ko Kinburn, i piro pai. He tau i muri mai i tukua kua ia te whakahau o te hapu hoia, o nga Cossacks Don. I roto i te 1774, ka haere Matvei ki te Caucasus Mua, te wahi uru ia i roto i te pehanga o te maunu i roto i te Highlanders Kuban nei tautoko te Ottoman Empire.

I muri i te otinga o te whawhai Russian-Turkish i roto i 1775 ka mau M. Platov wahi i roto i pehi i te tutu o Pugachev. Mai ka hoki ia ki te Te Tai Tokerau Caucasus, te wahi i roto i te 1782-1784 tau o whawhai ana ki nga tutu Lezgins, Nogais me Chechens.

. Ka mau ano te whawhai Russian-Turkish whai (1787-1791 biennium) te poari te hohe tino. Ki te tona whai wāhitanga i ekea e pa rite Ochakov (1788), Ackerman (1789), Bender (1789), ko Ihimaera (1790). I roto i te 1789, i whawhai ano i roto i te ope Russian i roto i te whawhai e pā ana ki Causeni.

Ana mahi i runga i te mara o hōia kore kua riro ke ta'efakatokanga'i. Mai 1790 Platov - Ataman Chuguevsky ko Ekaterinoslav Regiment, a i roto i 1793 riro te paetukutuku o Meiha Tianara.

I roto i te 1796, whai wāhi Matvei i te pakanga Pahia, e, Heoi, i hohoro whakakorea.

whakama

Ehara i te koa anake mohio M. I. Platov. i whakapae Ataman o te emepera Paora i roto i te whakaaro ki a ia, ka whakaraua ki Kostroma. tupu tenei i roto i te 1797. I muri i whakawhitia e ia ki te pa, i te tikanga he whakahōhā noa nui o hara.

Roa rikuri Platov tae noa ki 1801, ka whakaritea e Paora i ki te tuku ia i te whare herehere ki wāhi Ataman i te pakanga Indian haamouraa. Heoi, ko te adventurousness o tenei mahere, me te mate o te Hiha kihai i tukua ki te kawe i te mahere.

I te matenga o te Don Cossacks

Tama a Paora Alexander ahau, ko wai i te Russian Hiha, patronized Matvei i muri i te matenga o tona papa. Mai 1801 Platov - Ataman o nga Cossacks Don. Tenei te tikanga e meinga e ia i taua momeniti te rangatira o katoa o nga Cossacks Don. I tua atu, i whakatairangatia ana Matvei ki rūtene whānui.

whakaratohia e te tūranga hou te taumata ara nui o te kawenga takohanga ki te aroaro o te kingi, me te āhua. O te akoranga, te pikaunga o ngā kawenga i taea e kuru tetahi tangata, engari kore te tangata i ki te utu. Kua whakarite anōtia e Ataman o te Don Cossacks te hanganga o nei kua pera tawhiti kua tino disordered. I tua atu, i roto i te 1805 i whakaturia Platov te whakapaipai hou o nga Cossacks Don - Novocherkassk.

Ko te whawhai ki a Napoleon

Cossack Ataman Platov arahina e rangatira ratou, ka mau, wahi i roto i te Pakanga o te Faá Coalition ki Napoleon. ka mau te whawhai wahi nuinga i roto i te rohe o te rangatiratanga o mua.

Platov fakafo'ituitui whakahau ana hōia i te pakanga o Eylau, i muri i riro rongo te ao. mahi uncharacteristically tona Cossacks mo nga whawhai o te wā atu i roto i te nuinga whakapororarutia ana te hoariri. whakamahia ratou tātai pakanga o te whawhai, hanga marau tere i runga i hope o te hoariri, me te patu nui kino.

I muri haina i te tiriti te rongo Tilsit i waenganui Russia me France i roto i tau 1807, Napoleon utua fakatāutaha takoha ki Platov. tukua e ia ki a ia he snuffbox tino. ki te kia whakahonoretia ki te utu hoki ko Rihiona o Whakahonoretia. Ataman kihai tenei honore, ūkuia te meka e kore e taea e te mahi i te reira rite te kingi ke.

Ko tētahi o nga kamupene tino nui o te wā e whakahua i te whawhai Russian-Turkish o 1806-1812, i roto i nei whakahaeretia pai Platov Cossack wehe. Na ka ka ia he paetukutuku hou - General o Cavalry.

whawhai II o te Ao

Ko te tohu nui i roto i te koioranga Platov mahue te Pakanga Patriotic o 1812 , ki te Napoleon.

I te timatanga o te utu whakaekenga Napoleonic tika whakahau hōia Cossack katoa, engari ka takoha te āhuatanga ia ki te arahi i te ngohi. Just rite i roto i te pakanga o mua ki a Napoleon, kawea nga mahi o te Cossacks Platov no o tona fakafokifā maha ngā raruraru ki te hoariri. Te reira i te whakahaere hōia Platov ki te hopu i te kānara French, a hopu pepa nui o General Sebastiani.

tū te whawhai angitu tuatahi ki hōia Napoleonic Platov i Pipiri tata te kainga o Mir, i wahia te ropu o General Rozhnetskogo. I muri ki te pakanga o Saltykovka Cossacks hipokina te taui o General Bagration, i muri i te pakanga o Smolensk, ka mau Platov mo whakahau o muri nga kaitiaki o ngā hōia Russian katoa, te hunga tonu ki whakamuri.

Otiia hohoro kua puta ke te āhuatanga. I roto i August, i te tono o te Hiha-Tumuaki Barclay de Tolley, i peia Platov i te ope. E ai ki ngā tuhinga e pā ana, mō te "pohehe". Ko, kia rite ki puna mana, te take matua mō te pananga Platov mahi rite ana tautooraa minamina hoki waipiro.

Heoi, hohoro hoki Platov ka whai wāhi i roto i te pakanga o Borodino, me rite i roto i te runanga i Fili. A, i taua hui, whakahē ia i te taui i Moscow.

A, no te timata te ope a Napoleon ki te unu i Russia, arahina ara Platov tona whai. Ka rite ki te whakahaere whakapono i taea e ona wae pūkoro mahia kino mōrahi ki te hoariri.

pakanga Foreign me te whakapakoko o te Cossacks i te ahurea Pākehā

hōia Platov, i te wa o te kaiaka riro te taitara o te tatau, i roto i te tuatahi ki te kua whiti te rohe o te Russian Empire i roto i te Neman, a ka anga ki te whai he kua ope a Napoleon waho te whenua. ka anga ratou te whakapaenga o Danzig, i noho General MacDonald.

I muri Ataman M. Platov te nuinga kei i te tari matua o te Hiha, engari tonu te hōia Cossack ki mahi rite tōtika i roto i te whai o te hoariri. I te tahi taime i faataahia Matvei ki whakahau wae takitahi. I roto i ngā, arahina ia he wehewehenga i roto i te pakanga o Leipzig, Nō te pakanga o nga iwi.

haere wae Cossack katoa o Europe, ki France, te wahi hainatia Napoleon te tukunga. Cossacks Platov ratou ahua, me te he taumata raro o te ako atu i te wae o te ope auau, wehi i runga i ngā hōia hoariri e kore anake, engari ano ki te Pākehā noa. I muri i tenei ahua pakanga o te Cossack Russian ka archetypal i roto i te ahurea Pākehā.

ataman mate

mate Matvey Platov i January 1818, i roto i te kainga i Taganrog, i runga i te whenua taketake o te Don, i te tau o 66 tau. Na e kore e reira hei tetahi o nga whika tino kaha i roto i te aamu o te Cossacks Don.

i tanumia Platov tuatahi i roto i Novocherkassk, engari ka aru te raupapa o anō-tanumanga. Ataman Grave whakapokea e nga mua. Nāwai, i roto i te 1993, i tanumia nga toenga Matveya Platova i te wahi kotahi.

Family me uri

I rua marenatia Matvei Platov. Ko te faaipoiporaa tuatahi ngā ia ki a Nadezhda Stepanovna Eparaima, i kiia Ataman mokopuna o te Don mua. I roto i tenei faaipoiporaa i roto i te 1777 i ia he tama, Ivan, e, Heoi, ka mate a rite wawe rite 1806, i mua i te roa o te mate o tona papa. I muri noa iho i te whanautanga o tana tama i roto i 1783, ka mate Nadezhda Stepanovna.

kākahu faaipoiporaa Tuarua fakatahai marfă Dmitrievna Martynova hoki e hoki reira ko te rua o nga marena. ka haere mai ano ia i te ahua Cossack Hetman. a ratou rua tama (Mātiu ko Hoani) me wha tamahine (Mata, Anna, Maria, Alexandra).

mate Mata D. i te mutunga o 1812. I muri i ora ai e M. Platov he faaipoiporaa tivira ki Erihapeti hinga ki te kingi o Ingarangi.

uri Ataman Platov o roto i ana tama Matthew ko Ivan i te taitara o te tatau.

āhuatanga ataman

Ataman Platov ko te tangata tino ngā, e hoatu i te rota o te mahi kaha o te motherland. Tona itoito kore te tauira mō ngā tamariki. Ano, he uaua ki te pe si◊aki te takoha o Matvey Ivanovich i te hanganga o te kōhikohiko Don Cossacks kaha whawhai tino kaha, whakawehi te hoariri.

O te akoranga, rite tetahi tangata, i ona drawbacks te rangatira rongonui. ngā, hei tauira, i taea te whakaaro enei ma'unimā nui ki te waipiro. Otiia, te nuinga ka kaha ana huru maitatai pai i runga i te mea kohakore.

Ka rite ki a koutou e taea te kite, te mea tetahi o nga whika tino rongonui o tona wa Ataman Platov. Photo, kāore, e kore e wātea ana, mai i te timatanga o te rau tau XIX, kihai i ano mohiotia te toi o whakaahua ki te ao. Heoi, i reira e he maha rawa o ngā whakaahua, ki tonu i te toi pūmanawa e whai tatou i te rave'a no te feruri i te whakapakoko o te rangatira nui.

Ko tētahi taua mahi ko te kowaiwai murimate Platov i artist rongonui English George Dawe i te wa. Ko te runga ake tenei pikitia. Whakawa i nga āhuatanga o waho o te tangata taia i runga taua mea, ko Ataman Platov he tangata kaha, me te kaha-mea tohe ki. Ngā mihi ki taua mahi, ka taea e tatou te kite i te aha i te rahi tau hītori o te tenetere mua.