Kohi o taikiri intrathoracic, tātaritanga, ngā momo o te mate

Kohi o taikiri intrathoracic - he puka o te mate, i te mea tonu e kore e tino whakarōpūtia. whakapono ētahi e taea te tuku i te reira ki te mate motuhake, whakapono etahi e kia mahue ai i roto i te matatini kohi tuatahi. Ka tenei mate e aparauhia i roto i te tuhinga. whakaaro tatou i roto i te taipitopito i te take o te mate, ona momo, tikanga o ngā tikanga tātaritanga me te maimoatanga, me te pōauautanga taea me āraihia.

He aha te mea te reira?

Kohi o taikiri intrathoracic (VGLU) - he mate āhuatanga e ngā tukanga inflammatory timata kōpuku kei roto i te pakiaka tana pukapuka. Meinga māuiuitanga Mycobacterium kohi. Ka taea te tuku i te kaihoko fakatupu e kararehe huaketo.

maha VGLU kohi pā tamariki, taiohi, me te taitamariki ngā pakeke ake ki te 25 tau. Ngā mihi ki te urutā werohanga papatipu tata he onge kahore take o te mate, me te puta anake i mate raro. āhuatanga tēnei māuiuitanga e te akoranga ma'i ki te roanga o te mahi o te tukanga degenerative. 70% o nga pōauautanga o te mate puta i roto i ngā tamariki i raro i tau e toru.

tikanga mate

puka katoa o kohi o taikiri intrathoracic i roto i te tangata i meinga e te mate kohi huakita Mycobacterium.

puta Belgium i roto i te ara e whai ake nei:

• Nā ki te whakamahi o ngā kai i takea mai i manawanui kararehe (hei tauira, te waiu o te kau).
• Na roto i te rūrūtia i te tangata pangia kararehe ranei.
• Na roto i ngā rā me ngā kai poke ki te huakita.
• Na roto i patunga i roto i te kiri.
• Ka taea te tuku i te reira i te whaea ki te tamaiti i roto i te hapūtanga (i roto i te ewe), me te hohipera (waiu).

ko te tino pea huaketo te reira i roto i te wahi romahā. He tangata ki TB, tonu maremare me te korero exhales ki te maremare rangi e kei microorganisms kaikiri. E taea e ki te whakawhānui ki te tawhiti o e rua mita ratou me noho i roto i te rangi mo runga i te haora. ka ratou noho i runga i te patunga witi, me te i konatunatua ki te puehu, a ka tonu ake to ratou oranga tonutanga te ki e ono nga marama.

E faarahi te tūponotanga o te mate?

E tiakina tinana hauora manawa tangata ki TB mate, engari ka taea e paowa, me te bronchopulmonary mate whakaiti wātea i te mate. I roto i te 95% o ngā take i roto i te whakapā tuatahi ki te huakita kohi puta mate.

Āhuatanga e whakanui i te tupono o mate:

• kai tōtika takarepa me porangi.
• whakapā auroa ki te kohi pangia.
• tikanga whare rawakore.
• Ko te aroaro o mate mau.
• ahotea nui tinana, me te hinengaro.

Ko te tikanga i te huaketo tetahi o enei tūemi, me te torutoru noa ngā hītori hauora. Kohi o taikiri intrathoracic reira pā iwi ki peu kino e mamae i te rohirohi ma'i, me te tamariki i te mau utuafare rawakore. Mate he ngā taea ki te mau, ki haamata tonu te tinana hauora taua ki te hanga i wātea i te mate tūturu. Hea ko ahau te manawanui ai tango tetahi ra i tetahi iwi torutoru, engari hopu kotahi anake te tinana e kore e waiho rite ki te paruru ia ratou. I mōrea He tamariki me ngā pakeke kihai i i i kano, me te tūroro ki HIV me te iwi ki te ngoikore ngā pūnaha ārai mate.

momo o te mate

He nga momo e whai ake nei o te kohi o taikiri intrathoracic:

• Puku.
• Infiltrative.
• Iti.

Puku ko te momo o te bronhoadenita taimaha. Te reira i maha puta i roto i ki te hua kaha i roto i te taikiri tamariki taitamariki (taea ratou diameter tae ake ki te 5 cm) me te tubinfitsirovanii nui. E mea pinepine e paiherea te wāhanga pāngia ki te hanga i te tokamāhurehure kotahi.

puka Infiltrative ai te hua iti i roto i nga taikiri, te kupu perinodulyarnoe Predominates mumura.

puka poto

Ko puka iti o te kohi o taikiri intrathoracic uaua ki te kitea, ka pānga ki te nuinga tamariki. tātaritanga Late ahu te mōhiotia ki scarring o te mediastinum, e pā te mahi noa o te capillary rere toto pūkahukahu ranei. māuiuitanga hoki e taea e arahi ki te putanga o te puka ake taumaha me te kino o te mate kohi.

Hei kawe i te tātaritanga tika, me te ki te tautuhi i te mate, he mea e tika ana ki te tango i ki pūkete te matatini katoa o raraunga radiological me endoscopic, Me hoki koe ki te noho i te tomography o te mediastinum.

whakatau raruraru puka iti

Ahakoa i roto i te wāhanga hohe o te mate kohi iti o taikiri intrathoracic 1-2 āhuatanga e pāpaka o te taikiri ki te hua iti o (1.5 cm). Ka taea te kite i ēnei tohu i runga i x-ray.

He tino ngoikore tohu haumanu. Vauvauhia te tikanga anake kirika iti-kōeke me te haurangi syndrome. I roto i te taiohitanga, ko te amuamu matua he dystonia. Na reira, kei te maha tonoa tūroro ki te kia te uiui e tākuta o te tahi atu pūkete. I roto i tenei puka iti o te mate kohi he mōrearea hoki e taea te mate meinga atu whekau.

tohu

He nga tohu e whai ake nei kohi o taikiri intrathoracic:

• e whakatika pāmahana Body ki 39 nekehanga.
• I te po, e kore te mea i reira sweating mārama, e kore e i meinga e te wera.
• Heke hiahia.
• tīmata mare rite te tetahi e puta i roto i te mare.
• ataahua nui o te kiri ki runga ki te hue kikorangi.

Heoi, kia kino-tautuhi ai i enei tohu, ka he tātaritanga tika ki runga ki a ratou, ka waiho tino uaua. Ko taea te tāutuhia ētahi atu āhuatanga i roto i te tukanga tirohanga:

• Visual. E faarahi tino whatunga venous piringa i roto i te wāhi intercostal tuatahi, me te tuarua. I waenganui i vanes oko iti whakawhānui ki te wahi o runga.
• Palpation. Ko te takanga o te mamae i te pēhanga ki runga i te tukanga spinous o te pekehoe rei (i te 3 ki te 7).

Nui i roto i te tātaritanga o te mate kohi ko te whakamātautau X-ray. Kei te kawea te reira i roto i te kupu i roto i te haurangi lateral me antero-posterior, t. K. taea te huna te atarangi i taikiri whekau mediastinal me uaua cardiac. He mea nui hoki ki te whakahaere i scans o te rakau tracheobronchial. Ko atu e pā ana ki taua korero i muri.

tātaringa

Ko reira tino uaua ki te wehewehe i te tahi atu kohi pathologies rite o taikiri intrathoracic. he tika rite i raro i tetahi i tetahi mate tātaritanga pārōnaki.

Na, me pehea ki te timata tātaritanga?

Ko te mahi tuatahi, ko te ki te kitea te aroaro o Mycobacterium kohi i roto i te tinana. iroriki TB e taea ngāwari te kitea i roto i nga wai horoi o te puku. Nuinga o ngā wā e kitea e ratou i roto i nga wai horoi o nga bronchi, sputum.

Next ake he whakahauanga whakamātautau radiological. Ka taea te whakamahi i te reira e kore anake ki te whakatau mehemea huaketo te he tangata, engari ano ki te matau i pehea te roa kua huaketo ia. Ano tikanga atahanga pai e taea ki tatou te tātari i te hanganga o te taikiri e whakahaere nga tākuta tino wero i roto i te tātaritanga.

He tikanga tātaritanga nui ko te whakamātautau Mantoux. Ki te hua pai, kua huaina hoki a reira i te "tahuri." I roto i tenei take, te tauhohe o te huaketo ki te hanga i te werohanga ko te whai ake - te wāhi i werohia nui haere e neke atu i te 5 mm. "Virage" e pāngia i roto i te wā e whai ake nei:

• Papule (taatiraa wāhi) nui ake i te 0.5 cm.
• riro te reira i nui ake whakaritea ki ngā hua o mua.
• Nui te täkupu e 17 mm kahore he fakangatangata o te werohanga o mua.
• I muri i te 3 tau o tona rahi he nui atu i te 12 mm.

Heoi, korero kore tonu pai Mantoux e pā ana ki te mate. He ko he pea e kia te take mo te tauhohenga taua kia mate pāwera whakawhitia mua ranei mate. Ko hoki reira e kore tonu te whakamātautau tōraro tohu te ngaro o te mate. Ka taea te meinga hua kino teka i ārai i te meka ranei e i te kau o te mate, kua kore ano haere 10 wiki.

Heoi, ko te "piko" he rawaka take ki te haere tonu te whakamātautau atu.

Hoki, te mahi i te whakamātautau toto hei wāhanga o ngā tukanga tātaritanga. A, no te, ka kia paku nui haere te nui o MTB mate o leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils eosinophils.

tātaritanga pārōnaki o kohi o taikiri intrathoracic

A, no te maha i ki kia rerekëtanga i te tahi atu pathologies kohi te tātaritanga o te mate kohi VGLU. Ki te mahi i tenei, kia āta titiro te rata te hītori, ki te tautuhi i te tūponotanga o te whakapā ki te tūroro bacillary, tātari i te whakamātautau tuberculin, arotake katoa mate whakawhiti i mua e taea te pā ana ki te mate.

Haunga te taea ki te e raruraru ki tetahi atu VGLU view kohi kohi, e kore te mea i reira pea ki te wehewehe i te reira i mate taikiri intrathoracic.

Ko reira taea hoki ki te whakapoauau māuiuitanga ki metastasis i puta ake i te hinga o te pukupuku pūkahukahu, me te lymphosarcoma. Heoi, puta he pea taua anake i roto i te tūroro pakeke.

whakaora

Kohi o taikiri intrathoracic i roto i ngā tamariki me ngā pakeke e wahi tata ōrite, na whakaritea therapy te ki rerekētanga iti.

Maimoatanga o tenei momo o te mate kohi roa nui. I te toharite, e taea te tango hea maimoatanga i te 10 marama ki te tau, me te hawhe. I roto i tenei take, nga marama tuatahi 2-3, kia waiho te manawanui i roto i te hōhipera kohi. Tuatahi, i roto i te tikanga e kore e ki te whakapoke ētahi atu. Tuarua, mo te maimoatanga whai hua atu.

tenei wa katoa te therapy matatini, e ngā taero ki te mate kohi, gepatoprotektory, huaora, me immunomodulators.

Ano i roto i te wiki torutoru tuatahi i roto i ngā wāhanga matatau o te mate e taea te kawea i roto i te hahau. Heoi, kei te nuinga o reira whakaritea ngā tukanga rerekē te depuration. Hei tauira, irradiation taiaho rō-uaua plasmapheresis toto ranei.

Kei te wehea VGLU TB maimoatanga ki e rua ngā wāhanga. I roto i kawea te maimoatanga kaha i roto i te tuatahi, e hāngai ana nei te i whakangaro Tari, whakaora o kiko pūkahukahu pakaru i runga i te wā me te ārai o pōauautanga mate. Therapy ki TB ngā te huinga o te maha raau taero e te hunga taea ki te whakangaro momo katoa o MBT. e kore te mea rite kaha te atamira tuarua. Here te mea matua - ki te ārai i te re-whanaketanga o māuiuitanga, whakatairanga whakaora kikokiko, patua tetahi mycobacteria kino e toe, ka whakakaha i te pūnaha ārai mate.

I roto i te maimoatanga katoa tūtohutia te ki te whai i te kai motuhake, e ka tauturu i ki te whakaiti i te tāoke o te tinana, me te whakanui i ātete ki te mate. Kei roto tonu te kai kai ki pūmua nui tohu (hua, kai, hua miraka), pata, me te oriwa te hinu, te honi, pata, hua me huawhenua ki te rota o te huaora C.

wawaotanga hāparapara

Kohi o taikiri intrathoracic varavara arata'i ki te hiahia mo te pokanga, rite te mate rere tino ata, tata asymptomatic.

I roto i te katoa i reira e rua ngā take matua mō te pokanga:

• Tīmata hanga tuberculoma taikiri.
• Ko te kore o tetahi hua pai o te maimoatanga, i whakarewahia ake atu i te ono marama ki muri.

pōauautanga taea

whakarārangi tatou i nga pōauautanga taea o te kohi o taikiri intrathoracic:

• Hanganga o fistulas rino-arahau tika ki hinga taimaha o te bronchi.
• Nā ki te ofatiraa oti o tukuna ai arahau, e puta ka romia nga korere arahau i taikiri nui blockage o ratou papatipu cheesy ranei, ko reira maha te parariraa o te hea, atelectasis o te pūkahukahu kei runga ake te pēhanga ruma blockage ranei.
• atelectasis Tapeke rahi ranei (wahi spadenie ranei taupa o te pūkahukahu).

āraihia

Kohi o taikiri intrathoracic, te tātaritanga o i kōrero i roto i te taipitopito e tatou i runga tano, me te tahi atu mau huru katoa o te mate kohi, ki te "mate pāpori." Ko, tona ahua, tei runga i te tikanga ora me te taumata o te te pai. I roto i Russia, whakaaro nga take o te urutā kino o tenei mate ko ki te waiho i te ino koi i roto i ngā paerewa ora, te whakaiti i te kounga o ngā āhuatanga pāpori-ōhanga, tipu tere i roto i te maha o te iwi manene, me te te hë o tukanga hekenga kaha.