Ko te wa o Tuaiho Rus, pae ahurea, he whakaahuatanga rārangi

Ko te wa o Russia onamata, kei hea he urupa ahurea te kaupapa o tēnei arotake - ko te wā tino nui i roto i te aamu i te whenua o, rite i reira ka whakatakotoria nga turanga o tufaa, pāpori, tōrangapū, ngā hanganga ōhanga me te pāpori, i kitea i roto i te tuhituhia, puna whaipara me te hoahoanga.

āhuatanga General o te wā

Fundamentals o te whakahaere o te kāwanatanga tipu i roto i nga ra o Russia onamata. He ngā nga urupa o te taitahi o te ahurea i roto i taua ratou kitea nga turanga wä o te taitamariki pāpori Russian, kua tika tahuri ki he 'Ofotokisií. He tūranga nui i roto i to ratou hanga takaro kaupapa rangatira, e maha wāhi ki te whare kohatu, tuhituhi nga meatanga, te hanga o ngā whare ā, me te korero-whakaaro. I muri, te kaupapa haere me te taupori, matua ki noho tāone, e maha i o ratou hahi ake utu whakaturia, mau hiero. O faufaa nui i roto i tenei tukanga i takaro e te mana ahurea Kariki. Kua riro rangatira Byzantine kaihanga o urupa maha, engari whakaakona hoki te rota o Russian, e tango ratou tikanga me ngā kōrero tuku iho, hohoro timata ki te waihanga i ō rātou ake hanganga motuhake.

momo i te mau hiero

urupa ahurea Ancient Times Rus e e te nuinga faahoho'ahia e te hanga hahi, whakaaetia ngā rā wā Mongolian i 9 ki te tīmatanga o te rau tau 13, engari atu whänui e hāngai ki te ariā i homai me senituli muri mai. whakaae hoahoanga Russian te whakarerenga iho Byzantine, na te hoahoanga hahi Russian, i roto i te parau tumu, korerotia ratou āhuatanga. Heoi, i roto i to tatou whenua kua riro te nuinga tohatoha te hanga o ma hahi kohatu o te kikorangi tapawhā me te āhua-porohita i whakakapi i te shlemoobrazny. maha hanga rangatira mosaic me frescoes. i noa te mau hiero rawa chetyrehstolpnyh, uaua tutaki ki ono me waru tīwae. Nuinga o ngā wā, i ratou e toru titoko o.

Ko te hahi Early

Ko te wa o Russia tahito, te urupa ahurea e tühonohono te ki te bapetizoraa, me te whakatamarikitanga o Siu Karaitiana, ka te tino pokea ana o te hanganga whare kohatu. kia hanga te rārangi o enei whare te taketake tino, te hanga o e kua riro te hui rohe i roto i te hītori, a ko te timatanga o te hanganga anō. ka e taha o nga mau hiero tuatahi nui me tino nui te Ekalesia o te whakaaro o te whakapaingia wahine Meri, e hoki i whiwhi ki paingia mohiotia rite te ahuru E rite Prince tohaina āta tetahi-whakatekau o ratou moni mo reira. I hanga te reira i raro i Vladimir Svyatoslavich tapu e iriiri te whenua Russian.

āhuatanga

Whaipara kitea reira uaua ki te whakahokia tona ahua taketake, ahakoa tiaki etahi raraunga, pērā i te pane Kariki i runga i pereki, mapere whakapaipai, he papa mosaic, ka mea i kawea te hanga i roto i rangatira Kariki. I te wa ano inscriptions tiaki i roto i Cyrillic me tāpa uku tukua ki te korero e pā ana ki te whai wāhitanga i roto i te hanga o te Silaví. I hanga e te hahi rite te whare ripeka-domed i runga i te Byzantine kēnana tuku iho.

Mau hiero o te rau tau 11

Ko te wa o Russia tahito, te wahi whakamatau urupa ahurea te horapa tere, me te whakatamarikitanga o Ofotokisií i to tatou whenua, ko te wā o te whare kaha o hahi, rerekē i roto i te rahi, hanganga me te hanganga. te rua Ko te temepara tino nui i roto i tenei rārangi - te reira St. Sophia Cathedral i Kiev. I hanga te reira i roto i te rangatiratanga Yaroslava Mudrogo, a ka mahara ki te waiho i te pokapū fakalotu nui o nga mana hou. Ko tōna āhuatanga motuhake ko te aroaro o nga ropu nui. He ia kotahi tekau ma toru domes ki matapihi. I roto i te pokapū, ko te matua i raro - hunga iti wha, a ka reira e tetahi waru domes iti. E rua pourewa stair, e rua-taumata tohanga me te taiwhanga kotahi-taumata tohanga te karakia. Roto He mosaic me frescoes.

Cross-domed hahi o tahito ka whānui i Rus i roto i to tatou whenua. Tētahi atu whare nui ko te Ekalesia o te whakaaro Kiev-Pechersk pakiki. i te reira i toru titoko o, he roto wāteatea, me te kikorangi. I whakatangihia e ia ki runga i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, me te muri hanga i roto i te iho Baroque Ukrainian.

hoahoanga Novgorod

Monuments ahurea Russian rerekē i roto i te kāhua me te hanganga. mau hiero Novgorod me hahi i to ratou ake ngā āhuatanga motuhake e tukua ki a koe ngā tenei rite he iho motuhake i roto i te hītori o te hoahoanga kāinga. Motuhake, i roto i te rārangi o ngā whare tawhito kia tohaina Sophia Cathedral, e kua roa noho te pokapū fakalotu matua o te whenua. E ia e rima domes, stair pourewa. Kua āhua domes potae. Kua hanga e nga taiepa o pākeho, he rite ki te hahi Kiev te roto, kua atu haurangi, engari kua oti etahi wahi he whakangāwaritanga iti o te mea i ki te riro i te āhuatanga āhuatanga o te hoahoanga te pa o.

Ruānuku tauira tuatahi fa'ifa'itaki Kiev, engari i muri hoahoanga Novgorod riro ona āhua taketake tika ki nga āhuatanga ahurei, me te ngāwari mōhiotia. he iti i roto i te rahi, tūmārō me te noho pai o te hoahoa ratou mau hiero. Ko tētahi o nga hahi tino rongonui i roto i tenei kāhua - te reira te Faahuru Ekalesia Nereditsa. E mea ohie roa, engari he ahua rawa nui. He rahi iti, te mea kahore whakapaipai waho, Ko te tino māmā te raina. Ko āhuatanga o te mau hiero Novgorod enei āhuatanga, te ahua o e ara ngā etahi disproportion e hanga ahurei ratou.

Buildings i roto i te tahi atu pa

E hoki Monuments i Nizhny Novgorod i te rārangi o nga whare tahito tino rongonui. Ko tētahi o nga hahi whakatapua ki te tapu poropiti Iraia. I hanga te reira i roto i te rau tau 16 i roto i te mahara o te pa ki te pehea o te whakaekenga o nga Tatars me Nogai. I te tīmatanga i rakau reira, engari i muri mai, i roto i te rau tau waenganui-17, i hanga i roto i te kohatu. I roto i te rau i te hahi 19 o tetahi dome i hanga ai i roto i te-domed rima, i hoatu tona ingoa ki te ara i roto i te pa.

Monuments i Nizhny Novgorod noho he wahi nui i roto i te hītori o te hoahoanga kāinga. Ko tētahi o te rongonui tino - ko reira Michael te Anahera Cathedral, hanga i roto i te rau tau 13. Ko te hahi-kohatu ma ki 4 pou, me te 3 apses.

Na, ko te pa o te tahi atu whenua me fiefdoms kua hoki riro pokapū kaha o te hanga hoahoanga. E kitea e ratou āhuatanga taketake, me te ahurei o ratou iho. Ekalesia o St. Nicholas Nadeina Yaroslavl - he hahi ahurei o te rau tau 17. I whakaturia te reira i runga i te pareparenga o te awa Täingäwai, a ko te hahi kohatu tuatahi i roto i te wahi o waho o te pa.

Kökiritia e te kaihoko Nadia Sveteshnikov, i muri nei e rave rahi kaihokohoko me kaimahi ano timata ki te hanga i te hahi. whakaarahia te pūtake o te hahi i runga i whenua tiketike, i te runga i rima domes i pūhihi kaki drum. He he iconostasis ahurei Ekalesia o St. Nicholas Nadeina. Kei te hanga te reira i roto i te kāhua Baroque, a ka whakakapia i roto i te rau tau 18 i runga i te tawhito.

uara

Ko te kupu, he ahurei i roto i ona āhuatanga, kāhua me te roto i te hoahoanga onamata. Na reira, noho reira he wahi nui i roto i te ahurea motu kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te ao toi i roto i te whānui. Na reira, i te wa nei he mea tino nui tiaki hītori. E rave rahi o ratou i ora, i ngaro etahi i roto i te whawhai, a whaipara hou me restorers tāpiri faufaa nui ki to ratou anō me te whakahou.