Ko te pūtake hītori o te kōrero "Taras Bulba". ngā hītori tūturu e à te aamu

Ko te āhuatanga matua o te mahi o te toi i runga i te kaupapa hītori - te meka e pararopi whakakotahi te kaituhi i roto i reira te aamu o te mau ohipa i tangohia e wahi i roto i te meka, he pūrere tuhituhi me te pakimaero kaituhi. Ahua rerekē faatura tenei i roto i, te kōrero o Nikolai Gogol "Taras Bulba": ngā hītori e kore reira e tohua, ano, ka he pānui ētahi wā rawa uaua ki te whakatau i te wa i te mahi e wahi - i roto i te 15, 16 17 ranei rau tau. I roto i te tua, e kore te mea he tangata o mua, tae atu ano Taras tetahi o nga pūāhua. Ahakoa tenei, mai i te taeraa mai o te hua kei te tuku i te reira ki te tales epic, i ētahi wā ka kīia ki rite te pūrākau. He aha te mea te kaha, me te tauine o "Taras Bulba"?

History o te orokohanga

Karere i te kaituhi ki te kaupapa Cossacks kihai i kōpeka. He Māori o Poltava kawanatanga, i rongo ia i te tamarikitanga e pā ana ki te mahi hautoa o te iwi i roto i te pakanga ki te maha whakaeke ke. I muri mai, ka timata kē Gogol ki te tuhituhi i te moni motuhake whakaohokia e ia taua whare toa, me te mateaki o iwi rite Taras Bulba. i tokomaha te sich. E mea pinepine ka nga Cossacks te serfs mua - kua kitea e ratou he kāinga ki konei me hoa.

NV ako Gogol maha puna i runga i tenei kaupapa, tae atu i te meatanga Iukereiniana papa'i, rangahau kōrero o mua me te Boplana Myshetsky. Ehara i pānui ihirangi (i roto i tona whakaaro, i roto ratou mōhiohio iti, kihai i nei nui ki te matau i te wairua o te iwi), tahuri Gogol ki pakiwaitara. waiata Historical me patere, whakatapua ki marohirohi motu, ka korerotia e pā ana ki te āhuatanga o te pūāhua, tikanga, me te ara o te ora o nga mua. hoatu e ratou he nui kaituhi "ora" rauemi, kua meinga nei he tua nui ki nga puna pūtaiao, me etahi pūrākau e i roto i te puka tukatuka ngā i roto i te aamu.

Ko te pūtake hītori o te kōrero

"Taras Bulba" - he pukapuka e pā ana ki te iwi noa i noho i roto i te mau tenetere 16-17th, te rohe o te rohe Dnieper. Ko te pokapū o Zaporizhzhya sich - mai tona ingoa i te meka i whakakaha ai i runga i taha katoa i te taiepa o nga rakau hinga - purepure. I roto i te reira i reira ko tetahi ara o te ora, me te kāwanatanga. I raro ki te whakaeke auau i te amo, Turkey, i Lithuanians Cossacks he tino kaha, pai-whakangungua hōia. Te nuinga o te wa pau ratou i roto i pakanga, me pakanga, me tohu ka nga tikanga matua o te oranga. Ko reira kahore he aituā whakaahuatanga Taras Bulba ko Svetlitsa i roto i te whare i reira i noho ia anake i roto i tona wahine, ngā maha tohu o te ora puni o te ope.

1596 whakamatauria mate mo te iwi Iukereiniana, ko wai i i taua wa kingi e Lithuanians me amo. Rzeczpospolita ka mau te uniana ki te whakakotahi i raro i te mana o te mau haapaoraa e rua Karaitiana o te Pope: Siu ko Katorika. Whakatau i hanga noa atu faingataa nga whanaunga uaua i waenganui i nga amo, me nga Cossacks, i arahina ki te whakatuwhera aroraa hōia. Tenei wā ko Gogol pau tona kōrero.

Image o Zaporozhye Sech

Ko te kura tuatahi mō te mātauranga o pakepake, toa maia riro he ara motuhake o te ora, me te whakahaere, me ngā kaiako - Cossacks mātanga, e kore whakaatu tika ratou toa i roto i te whawhai. Ko tētahi o ratou ko Kānara Taras Bulba. Tona haurongo - he kōrero e pā ana ki te hanganga o te konohi pono, mo nei ki runga ake i te katoa, ko nga ngākau nuitanga, me te haere noa o te fatherland.

Zaporizhzhya sich He atu rite te käwanatanga e hāngai ana i runga i te mau parau tumu o te humanism me te ōritetanga. i whiriwhiria Mishka i whakatau rongonui, te tikanga i roto i te tino tika. I roto i te whawhai, nga Cossacks i ki noa'tu rongo ia, engari i roto i te rangimarie ko reira i roto i ngā ana mau ohipa tango tiaki o nga Cossacks.

I whakaritea e te sich mea katoa mo te ora, me pakanga o ona tangata: mahi katoa o awheawhe me fa'u, whakaarahia kararehe. ka kite katoa o tenei Ostap ko Andriy, ina kawea e ratou ki konei Taras Bulba.

whakakitea Kōrero oraraa poto o te Republic o Zaporozhye te ara hou o te whakahaere i te ora tangata e hāngai ana i runga i te autaea'eraa, kotahitanga me te haere noa, nui atu i te tukino o te ngoikore kaha.

kura Home mō te Cossack - autaea'eraa whawhai

Mō taua, pehea i taea te whakawakia te hanganga o nga tangata taitamariki i te hi'oraa o te tama a Taras, Ostap ko Andriy. Kua puta ratou i te whakangungu i roto i te haapiiraa evanelia, i muri i nei takoto ratou ara i roto i Zaporozhye. tutaki Matua tama i muri i kore he awhiawhi me kihi he wehenga roa, ka whakamatautau to ratou kaha ki o ratou ringa, me te pūkenga.

Ko unpretentious Life Taras Bulba, rite kitea e te hakari i te honore o nga tama ( "tō ... katoa hipi, koati ... ae pūwera atu" - ki enei kupu tahuri te Cossack tawhito ki tana wahine), me te moe i roto i te tuwhera, i raro i tuwhera te rangi.

Ahakoa he ra kihai pau Ostap me Andriy whare rite riro kua sich, te wahi tatari ratou mo te uru tahi pai o te ao, me mahi kororia mo ratou whenua, me te karakia. Ko to ratou papa whakaaro e te kura tino mo ratou e taea e anake whai wāhi i roto i whawhai i te whawhai.

Zaporozhtsy

Tata sich, ka kite Taras ko ana tama te moe picturesque i roto i te waenganui o te huarahi, he Cossack. totoro ia rite te raiona, a ka i whakamoemititia hurinoa. Whānui rite te moana, tarau, whakapehapeha kawea ki runga i rae (tino mahue ai ki runga ki tona matenga heua), he hoiho pai - ka titiro Cossack na tūturu. Ko kahore aituā te hero matua o te kōrero e pā ana ki te karanga te huri tonu ratou "rewera" kakahu (haere mai ai ratou i te haapiiraa evanelia) ki tetahi atu Cossack tika tama. A e tino ratou tika puta i roto i pūtu Morocco, tarau whanui, sote, me pōtae sheepskin te ngangana. Image kīnaki pū Turkish me saber koi. Faahiahia me te whakapehapeha meinga noho ana i runga i te hoiho kororia taata papû i tona papa.

Ko te pūtake hītori o te kōrero "Taras Bulba" takoto te kaituhi ki te hamani i te Cossacks te paetahi ore. Ki te faatura e tika katoa ki a ratou, me o ratou toa, Gogol me parau mea e te tahi mau taime mura ratou whanonga whakatau he, me te kore o te matauranga. Tenei tuku ki te ora haurangi me whakarihariha arahina ratou i roto i waenganui i whawhai, nanakia nui (mo te patu tangata taihara i tanumia i roto i te urupa, me te pārurenga ora) me te taumata ahurea iti.

Ko te kaha o te mahi ngātahi

Ko te painga matua o nga Cossacks ko te meka e i roto i te ohorere taea te huihuia ratou tere, me te mahi rite he ope uouangataha ki te hoariri. Ratou tainga, partiotizm, te itoito, me te lī'oa ki te take noa i kahore rohe. I roto i te aamu i te reira hau atu i te kotahi whakamatauria ia Taras Bulba. Haurongo atu toa rongonui, i roto ia ratou ite Tovkach, Kukubenko Paora Hubenko, Mosy Hiro me Ostap taitamariki, rite te mea te reira.

Well te kotahitanga me te taumahi matua o nga Cossacks mea i roto i tona kupu i runga i te mahana o te Bulba whawhai whakatakotoria: "Kahore he here pātuitanga tapu" tana kupu ko te faaiteraa o nui te whakaaro nui me te whakapono tapu i roto i te mea ia ko tona hoa tiakina he meinga tika. I roto i te hoê taime fifi fakamanatu nga kupu a Taras oaoa Cossacks o ratou hopoi'a mo'a ki te tiaki i to ratou hoa, mahara o te whakapono Siu me lī'oa ki te kāinga tonu. Ko te tino ri'ari'a mō te Cossack ko he tinihanga: e kore e mea i te reira poroporoaki ki te tangata. whakamate Taras tana tama ake ki te ako i meinga e ia te ngākau nuitanga whaiaro o te iwi whānui i roto i o te aroha mo te kotiro Polish ataahua. Mai te here o te tuakanatanga i nui atu nui atu i te toto. Ko te take i tenei meka ko rite ki mooni, whakaatu ana te pūtake hītori o te kōrero.

Taras Bulba - te māngai pai o nga Cossacks

Kānara ki te pūāhua kei, mua ara kororia. hoa kororia Ataman me e taea te tautoko i te kupu te akiaki, me te hoatu pai tohutohu i te kau uaua. I ia he mauahara tahu mo te hoariri, mai io te whakapono Siu, a kihai i tohungia tona ora ake mo te whakaoranga o te motherland me ona teina i roto i ringa. Taunga ki te ora noa, ihirangi ki te mara ma, a ko rawa unpretentious i roto i te ora. Na faataa Gogol te pūāhua matua. tona ora katoa i pau ia i roto i pakanga, me te tonu i roto i te wahi tino mōrearea. Weapons, tupeka putorino, me te hoiho pai Taras Bulba whakaturia tona taonga matua. Heoi, i taea e ia ho'ata me pobalagurit, i makona ki tona ora. Whakama ki te tama whakaotinga a te hero o te whakapehapeha nui ongo'i mo Ostap. Te ihupuku to ratou oraraa, ka haere Bulba ki te wahi o te mahi, mo te wa whakamutunga kia kite ia ia. A ka whakamanawanui Ostap mamae mate, i te meneti whakamutunga i huaina ia, ko ia poto, te mauri te rohe katoa, faaite tona whakapehapeha, te faaitoitoraa, me te tautoko tana tama e kore e anake, engari he hoa wairua, hoa. Tae noa te mutunga o te ora, ka pouri ano hoki tana tama Taras, ka rapu utu tona mate. ka tapiritia tona wheako ki reira o te nanakia me te mauahara o te hoariri, engari kihai i whatiia tona e pai me te itoito.

e kore te mea mua hoki te whakaahuatanga o te hero Taras Bulba te kōrero, rite kore e mea faufaa. Ko te mea matua ko e kua ia te mau huru e taea ora i roto i te wa kino.

Faarahiraa Taras i roto i te scene o mahi

Kiripuaki o te hero whakaoti te whakaahuatanga o tona mate, ki te whānuitanga nui wawau. tangohia te hero te herehere, kia rite whakaiti iho ki te tiki ake i te putorino hinga - ara e kore ia e hiahia ana ia ki te hoatu atu te hoariri kanga. Here manatu Taras iwi hero: e toru iwi tatini whakauaua taea ki te hinga i te reira.

I roto i te scene whakamutunga e kore whakaahua ana te kaituhi te mamae o te ahi, i i te aito, me tona āwangawanga mo o hoa te whakarau kauhoe te awa. I te wa o tona matenga, e mahi ana ia ki te kororia, i te toe pono ki nga parau tumu tino o te mahi tahi. Runga ake katoa, ko ia papu e kore e noho i roto i te noa te ora. E pera ko te tino Cossack.

Ko te hiranga o te mahi i tenei ra

Ko te pūtake hītori o te kōrero "Taras Bulba" - he pakanga whakaoranga o te iwi ki te whakaeke, mai io tona whenua, me te whakapono. Nā ki te taua wairua kaha o te iwi rite Taras Bulba, tana tama, me hoa, ko reira taea e kore noa ki te tiaki i te mana motuhake me te haere noa.

Ko te hua o Nikolai Gogol me ana pūāhua mō te tokomaha ka he tauira o te itoito, me te mea ïa, na e kore e mate ano ia tona hāngaitanga me te faufaa.