Ko te pakanga tuatahi o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao: te hua

Ko tētahi o te hūtoto me nui ko te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. roa te reira i i 28 Hōngongoi 1914 ki te 11 Whiringa-1918. Ko te whawhai tuatahi o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao te take mō ngā whenua ki te noho kūpapa, ki te tiki i wāhi i roto i te aroraa. I roto i tenei pakanga i whai wāhi ai e toru tekau-waru whenua, i runga i rua taha e tohu i te ngākau nuitanga o te coalitions nui: te Entente me te whā Alliance. Ko te poraka tuatahi ngā whenua pērā i France, Russia, Ingarangi me ētahi atu. tuarua o te pakanga te taha ko Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria, Germany.

kupu

I meinga te whawhai tuatahi o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao i te whakapataritari: patua Franz Ferdinand, kainga ki te torona o Austria tahi ki tana wahine. arahina tenei ki te pakanga i waenganui i te whenua i pangia, me Serbia. ka mau Austria te taha o Tiamana, korero hoki ia. tuhia te whawhai tuatahi o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao te Hōngongoi 28. I taua take, August 1, kua unu Germany Russia ki te whawhai, a ka rua nga ra i muri mai i whakaatu whawhai me ona hoa - France.

He aha te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao?

ka mau te pakanga tuatahi o te Pakanga o te Ao e ahau i roto i 1914 wahi i runga i te rohe French. I muri mai, i huaina ai "iwi ki te moana." Kua rapua ia rōpū ātete ki te haaati i te ope hoariri, a oho puta noa te raina mua ki te rohe. Ka rite ki te hua, i taea ki te pupuri mana i runga i o ratou pa tauranga France. Ko te hiahia ki te hohoro te hopu miscalculated whakahau France Germany. hohoro ka mau te whawhai o te Ao Tuatahi i runga i te mua Western he tūranga i roto i te natura, rite nga ope hohoro pau i runga i ngā taha e rua.

Angitu piro Russia

I te Ākuhata 17, i whakawhitia te akoranga matua o te whawhai ki te Front Eastern. whakarewahia ope Russian he ino i roto i te ahunga o Te Tai Rāwhiti Prussia. i te tīmatanga angitu whawhai o te Ao i runga i tenei mua. takaro te tūranga matua e te wikitoria i roto i te pakanga o Galicia, i mutu atete 18. ka mau te Kamupene i tenei rongo ki te ngākau maere. I muri i tenei hinga Austria tae noa te mutunga o 1914 tamata kore ki te tiki i whai wāhi i roto i pakanga nui ki Russia.

hoa New me hoariri

I roto i te taua tau ki Germany tomo te whawhai ki a Hapani. ka anga ia ki te tahuri te pakanga i roto i te motu koroni o Germany. Ko reira konei e whawhai moana. puta World i roto i 1914 whakamātau tutuki i runga i ngā taha e rua o te pakanga ki te angitu i roto i o ratou whakaaro. whakamātau a Russia ki te whakatū hononga moana ki whenua ona hoa kāore i hoki. Te Ottoman Empire, i runga i te taha o Tiamana, whakatuwheratia te Caucasian Front o te Moana Black, reira whawhati i nga whanaunga wai o Russia.

i whakawhanakehia whawhai Meiha o te Ao Tuatahi i roto i te tau 1915. Mai i taua wa i timata ai te rua o nga pakanga. ka mau whawhai e mura wahi i runga i te Front Western. Desperate, ka mau Tiamana ko France whakamātau kāore ki te huri i te akoranga o ngā i roto i to ratou manakohia. Heoi, e kore kua tenei katoa arahina ki nga hua e hiahiatia ana.

I roto i te meka, e kore kua te raina mua i te mutunga o 1915 ke. E kore e kore te ino French puna i roto i Artois, ranei whakawhitinga kawea atu i roto i Champagne i te hinga i pā te āhuatanga.

Ko te ino o te āhuatanga i roto i Russia

E ai ki te āhuatanga raina mua Russian kino ake a kihai ke hoki te pai. I rahua te Winter whakahāwea rahua ngana. Mua roa, ko tenei e tika ana ki te faaineineraa rawakore o te ope Russian. I roto i te tahuri, oho nga Tiamana i roto i te counteroffensive raumati. Ka rite ki te hua, i taea ki te riro i Russia ko Galicia, Poland ratou. Kei te whakapono te reira e meinga te hinga o te ope Russian i roto i enei whawhai i te taha o ngā raruraru i roto i te supply.

I ähuareka te āhuatanga anake i te ngahuru. Heoi, ko te wāhi o te hōia Russian me Wīwī te ai öna mo te timatanga o te waikeri pakanga.

I roto i te 1915, e whakaatu ana te whawhai i runga i Austria-Hungary i roto i te pakanga tomo Itari. I roto i te wā taua ta whawhai i runga i Bulgaria te mua. arata'i tenei katoa ki te pōauautanga o te tūranga Serbian.

pakanga o Verdun

1916 i tohua e te wā i roto i nei i reira ko te whawhai nui o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. e tiakina tonu whakaahua o enei pakanga i roto i etahi o nga whare taonga nui. kī Verdun te whawhai i runga i te mano oraraa. timata te reira ki te kaha ki te pehi taliteke'i Tiamana ki France. Tata Verdun protrusion i nga tikanga reira matua ope Tiamana. mahi tenei i roto i te tumanako o whawhati te korero o France, a Ingarangi. I roto i tenei whawhai i te tuatahi ki te whakamahi i te flamethrower - he patu hou i te wa. I te wa o te whawhai o nga hoia Tiamana i roto i France, whakarewahia te whakahau Russian he mahi whakahāwea, i puritia i runga i te Front Western. Kahore o te hōia Tiamana noho rite te ope matua redeploy ki tuu ino o ngā hōia Russian. Tenei nui mama te āhuatanga o France, a Ingarangi i roto i te whawhai. I roto i tenei wā, tutukinga kaha i waenganui i nga mana nui i whakahaeretia e rua i runga i te whenua, me te i te moana. Battle o mua ko te pato'iraa nui i runga i te wai.

1917 me 1918 tohua te wikitoria o te mua. Heoi, i taua wa mamae nga whenua mema katoa o te pakanga i te paruparu nui o te ōhanga, me te whakanui ake raruraru ā-. I roto i tenei whakaaro, kua heke te mahi hōia o te whenua. Otiia, kihai i nga hoia Tiamana whakarerea ratou whakamātau ki te whiua Ingarangi e raweke i te kaipuke waka ruku. ka mea papû e te haere i te Entente ki toa, na i piri ai e te Hononga o Amerika o Amerika. Ko Russia i te kau pangia raruraru tōrangapū ā-. Ko te wāhi o te kakawaea hei ngā o Oketopa, i muri nei haere te reira i roto o te whawhai. Tenei ue'i Germany ki te whakakore i te Front Eastern me ki faaoti i te tiriti te rongo ki whenua pērā i Ukraine, Russia, Romania. riro Brest te rongo tiriti mahi mō ngā āhuatanga Russian taimaha, ahakoa, i hainatia e ia e ngā taha e rua. I muri i te tahi mau wa, whakahaere ki te whakamutu i te kirimana.

Ko te Tuhinga o te wahine taikaha

haere Germany i te ino. I maoro i taea e ki te noho whenua pērā i Poland, Peraruhia ia. I riro ano hoki te reira e te Baltic States. I muri i te raupapa o whakaora, faaoti Germany ki redeploy ona ope i te aronga o te mua Western. Heoi, i te wae hoa Entente he painga i hangarau mārama, i roto i te hononga ki i patua te ope Tiamana i. Na roto i te mutunga o 1918, hainatia Germany he tukunga herekore.

I muri i te whawhai, ko te ōhanga o te whenua whai wāhi i roto i te āhuatanga e wehingia ana. auau iti mahi o te ōhanga, he heke i roto i ngā paerewa ora. Ko te hunga anake e takaro ki te ringa o te whawhai, he corporations hōia me motuhake.

Hoki Russia, kua meinga whawhai te whakakōkī i e kua he pānga nui i runga i te whanaketanga tere o te revolution me te putanga o te pakanga kaiākiri.