Ka rite ki waitinana i hanga. Ko te matamua o te kaupapa, purenga, stagnation, hanganga me te mahi o te waitinana

Ko waitinana he tinana papanga wai i roto i roto i te taikiri me oko waitinana. I roto i te tangata, i hanga te waitinana e i roto i te nui o 2-4 rita ia ra. Ko te mārama wai nei kiato tae 1,026. Waitinana tauhohenga kawakore he pH 7,35-9,0. āwhina ana tēnei wai ki te mau tonu i te pauna te wai , a taea Heoi, microorganisms i te kopa pathological.

Composition o te waitinana

honotanga tēnei papanga wai i roto i nga oko toto o te pūnaha lymphatic me ko tata katoa whekau. Te nuinga o te reira i roto i te uruhanga tiketike o oko toto o whēkau: ate, kōateate, uaua kōhiwi, me te ngakau.

E tano ia tapao e he iu tona hanganga, mai tei reira ki runga ki nga okana me te kopa i nei rere reira atu. kia kia whakahuatia nga wāhanga matua o te wae wai, hua whāwehe o ngā pūhui matū waro, lymphocytes me leukocytes. I roto i te rerekē, kiko inu, waitinana kua he ihirangi pūmua teitei. Ko tōna hanganga matū rite wē toto, engari he iti tona pokey.

Ko te hanganga ano ngā ngota tīhiko waitinana, whākōkī me huaora. I tua atu, kei reira matū e whakanui i te toto upoo- kaha. I roto i te take o te kino o oko toto iti (tōiti), te whakanui ake i te maha o lymphocytes. reira i roto i te waitinana maha iti o monocytes me granulocytes hoki.

Me kï reira e waitinana tangata kowaiwai o platelets, engari e taea te takai, no te mea kei reira pūtaitoto. hanga tenei he paihere wewete o kōwhai. āhuatanga I tua atu, i roto i tenei wai i tāutuhia wātea i te mate humoral (lysozyme, properdin) me te kīnaki i, ahakoa waitinana he nui i raro i te toto kaha bactericidal.

Te tikanga waitinana

Kia kï hoki taua mahi taketake o te waitinana:

• electrolytes hoki, pūmua me te wai i te wāhi interstitial ki te awa toto;

• whakarato lymphocirculation noa mātauranga mimi maximally takiwa;

• te maua e waitinana maha matū e kua riro i roto i nga whekau kūnatu, tae atu ki ngā ngako;

• whākōkī takitahi (hei tauira, lipase me histaminase) taea tomo i te toto i roto i anake te pūnaha lymphatic (mahi pūkoro);

• kohikohi waitinana i te kopa erythrocytes e whakaemi reira i muri i whara, me te tāoke me te huakita (tiaki mahi);

• whakarato reira kōrero i waenganui i whēkau me te kopa, me te te pūnaha lymphoid me te toto;

• Tauhi ngā pūtau microenvironment tamau, ie. E. mahi Homeostatic.

I tua atu, i te taikiri e hanga e lymphocytes me paturopi, e whai wāhi i roto i te whakautu ārai o te tinana. I roto i te matepukupuku, ko reira te matua horapa ara waitinana o ngā pūtau mate pukupuku.

E tano ia tapao e pā ana tata te waitinana, inu interstitial me te toto, na te whakarite homeostasis.

lymphization

Ko te pūtake o tenei tukanga ko filtration, tūringiringi, te rerewai, me te rerekētanga i roto i te pēhanga hydrostatic, tuhia nei i roto i te tōiti i roto i te inu interstitial.

Ka rite ki i hanga te te waitinana? I roto i tenei tukanga, faufaa nui ko te uruhanga o oko lymphatic. Ko te kupu, rerekē matūriki te rahi haere i roto i te taiepa o tōiti waitinana i roto i rua ara matua:

1. intercellular ka whakamatauria i roto i matūriki āputa intercellular pai nei te rahi he 10 nm - 10 microns.

2. Na roto i te endothelium, taua transportation o matū e pā ana ki hāngai ratou kaupapa i roto i vesicles micropinocytic me opupu.

Me kï reira e te ara raraunga mahi wā kotahi.

Ki te te whakahoki ki te pātai "pehea i hanga te waitinana", he mea utu te haamana'oraa e pā ana ki te pēhanga oncotic. Ko te kupu, ko te tiketike pēhanga hydrostatic o te toto whai wāhi ki te hanganga o te waitinana, me te tiketike pēhanga oncotic inhibits tukanga hohe. filtration inu e wahi i roto i tōiti, i hoki reira ki te moenga venous, no te mea i reira te mea he rerekētanga o te pēhanga i roto i te matua me te mutunga venous o tōiti.

Me kï reira e rerekē limfokapillyarov uruhanga rānei i runga i te huru mahi o whekau, me te e ngā aunoa, matū, me ngā āhuatanga humoral neural ranei. Ko te tere o te hanganga o te waitinana me tona nui tei runga i te hononga i waenganui i te pūnaha me te tohanga lymphatic. Ko te kupu, ki te te rōrahi meneti o te tohanga toto ko 6 rita, ka tātarihia i roto i tōiti toto 15 mL o te wai, me te 12 mL o nei reabsorbed te hoki, engari 5 ml tonu i roto i te wāhi interstitial, a ka hoki ki te pūnaha circulatory mā te lymphatics.

Hei mahino pai pehea me te wahi i hanga te waitinana te, ko reira e tika ana ki te mohio ki nga āhuatanga o te hanganga o te pūnaha lymphatic.

Āhuatanga o te whakahaere o te pūnaha lymphatic

Te hono tuatahi he tōiti lymphatic. E tū ana ratou i roto i te kopa me okana katoa. No reira anake i roto i te roro, me te ua, nenewha, me i roto i te taringa roto, me te te epithelium o te kiri, kōateate, wheua wheua, ewe.

Ka taea e Limfokapillyary ngā ki te hanga i te kupenga limfokapillyarnye oko waitinana nui e whai toru anga:

• ā-- kua hanga ki runga o ngā pūtau i huaina pūtau endothelial;

• toharite - kei ngā pūtau kiko uaua maeneene;

• waho - tūhonohono takotoranga kiko.

Me kï reira e nga oko lymphatic whai vaolo. Ngā mihi ki a ratou, te kaupapa o te waitinana i roto i te kotahi anake ahunga - i te taha ki te pokapū. Ka rite ki te tikanga, oko waitinana o nga uaua me okana haere ki nga oko toto, me e huaina hohonu.

wāhanga nui o te pūnaha lymphatic he taikiri. mahi ratou i te mahi tātari, me te whakarato tiaki ārai o te rauropi. taikiri e kei tata oko toto nui, te tikanga kia kia rōpū mata kei roto i te kōwhao ā o te tinana ranei. whakaemi ratou a puha huaketo me te huakita, me te matūriki ke. Ngāwari taikiri whakanui a ka riro mauiui, tohu e waitinana parahanga nui. I roto i te tapatapa e te nuinga o taikiri nui haere i roto i te mate i roto i te papatoiake waewae ranei. kia hoki mumura kia pā ana ki mate pāwera, te aroaro o cysts Koló uaua ranei i muri i distension.

Me ahau mea e i roto i te pūnaha lymphatic, i reira he kuiti limfostvoly motuhake, me te ki runga i reira ko te matamua o te waitinana i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tinana, me whekau.

Āhuatanga o te kaupapa o te waitinana

Ko te haora lymphatics e tango e pā ana ki 180 ml o waitinana ia ra mā te limfoprotok rei kia whakawhānui ake ki te 4 rita o te wai. Ia muri hoki ki te bloodstream whānui. E mohio ana pehea hanga waitinana, kia riro maheni ki rite neke te reira i roto i te tinana.

No te mea te waitinana i roto i te tōiti waitinana i hanga, te inu tātari atu kaha i te toto o oko iti arata'i ki whakatere o tona hanganga, me te ki ake i te tere o tona kaupapa. I roto i te āhuatanga e whakanui i te hanganga tīpona kia ngā te whai ake:

• pēhanga hydrostatic tiketike i roto i te capillary;

• mahi mahi tiketike o whēkau;

• capillary High uruhanga;

• whakahaere rongoā hypertonic.

Ko te tūranga matua i roto i te kaupapa o te waitinana no ki te hanganga o te pēhanga hydrostatic tuatahi. whakatairanga te reira i te kaupapa o te tōiti pukoro waitinana ki oko efferent.

He aha whakarite tona kaupapa atu? i hanga waitinana te i inu interstitial. Ko te kupu te kaha taketake e whakatairanga tona kaupapa i te pae ki te uaua kaki kongutu - lymphangions hukihuki naki.

lymphangions Avilable. neke Ētahi atu tikanga te waitinana

ka karanga a Lymphangions hanganga tubular he vaolo me uaua "soté". Ka taea te huaina ēnei ngā te ahua o ngakau lymphatic. Na, piki te waitinana i roto ia ratou, e arata'i ki te totoro o "soté". I roto i tenei take, kati te piha distal lymphangion me proximal, i runga i te anga ke, ka tuwhera. Ka rite ki te hua, neke reira ki te lymphangions waitinana muri (a na i runga i tae noa ki kongutu i roto i te pūnaha venous).

Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te hanganga o te lymphangions taiepa, kanohi ratou kaka adrenergic e modulate nga contractions naki māhorahora. lymphangion uaua maeneene hoki ahei o whakaiti, e arata'i ki te hua i roto i te pēhanga i roto i te oko waitinana me waitinana ki te tomo i te bloodstream. kia pā tukanga Hohe etahi hormones, matū bioactive (hei tauira, histamine), me te huringa i roto i te kukū o pūhui pūkoro me te tiketike pāmahana.

He taketake te tikanga whakaahuatia kaupapa o waitinana, engari i reira he āhuatanga tuarua. Ko te kupu, i roto i te faaururaa rere te waitinana rei i roto i limfoprotoka atu inarā, a i roto i launoa pōturi iho te tukanga. Nā ki nekehanga o te HWM wā e kōpeke, ka totoro tank o te raru, reira waitinana atu displacement.

Kei te hoki pāngia te kaha o te rere tīpona i hukihuki naki o whēkau (ngakau me te whēkau), e arata'i ki te whakawhiti kaha ake o te kiko wai ki te lumen o te tōiti. Acronyms uaua kōhiwi e karapoti nga oko lymphatic, ano pehitanga ahei te waitinana, rite whai wāhi ratou ki ona ngā mihini, a neke ake ano te lymphangions contractile kaha e kua whakanohoia i roto i te muka uaua. Nā ki tenei kaupapa o te waitinana roto i nga oko whakatere te.

Popoketanga i roto i te pūnaha lymphatic

Ko iti hoki waitinana hanganga i roto i te ofatiraa neke waitinana ranei. E haere tahi tokomaha mate e abnormalities i roto i te pūnaha lymphatic, i te mea maha hira i roto i te ahunga whakamua o te tukanga pathological.

A, no te kore waitinana waitinana kore akakoromaki i tona mahi matua - metabolites kāpeka i te kopa tinana i te tere rawaka. I roto i tenei take, te kore pūkaha o waitinana kia pūāhua whānui rohe ranei.

faaite waitinana stagnation he momo o tohumate, i runga i te maha o ngā āhuatanga rānei:

• i te wāhi i roto i nei whakawhanake lymphostasis;

• te āhuatanga o te mātiti lymphatic;

• tau o te manawanui;

• te tere i ai whakawhanake te iti hoki lymphatic.

takahi o te waitinana nāianei arata'i ki te haaputuputuraa o ngā hua paitini. Ki te whakatika i te lymphatics kino thrombi, e te nuinga o ngā o leukocytes me pūtōtepe. noho ratou taikiri rohe, na kahore ati.

Me kï reira e lymphostasis tino kino mate hopuhopu me pathologies mārere rite whakatau tika ana ki te whakangaromanga, me te ahua o metastases retrograde (rere waitinana ki te horapa).

He faaiteraa haumanu noa o te mate he waitinana edema. Stagnation waitinana tahi e te kiko hypoxia, disorders pūkoro me te wai, me te kawehiko toenga me te dystrophic me ari sclerotic. I roto i te stagnation waitinana whānui whakawhanake taui tētere lymphatics, hypertrophy o kaka uaua me te sclerosis maha Intini, huringa vaolo.

Tūkinotanga o te kaha coagulation o waitinana

E matau ana tatou e i roto i te waitinana ko ngā te wāhanga katoa e he kawenga mo te upoo-, me fibrinolysis antisvertyvaniya kia kore he ahurei ki te toto, engari ano hoki oko lymphatic coagulation intravascular. I roto i tenei take, ngā āhuatanga kiko coagulation pānga kore anake hemostasis, engari ano hoki i runga i uruhanga iaia me te kiko interstitial waka inu. I te taua huarahi e te hunga kawenga mo te upoo- toto, ka taea e tīmata taua ngā i roto i te waitinana tōiti, oko me kōpuku.

Me kï reira e te hononga i waenganui i te wāhanga ngā o te toto, me te tīpona ako iti, engari kua mohiotia taua mea e taea whai ngā tukanga pathological pānga rerekē i runga i te coagulation o waitinana. Na, ka tomo koutou he toto heterogeneous riro waitinana kaha ki katinga, mai te nui o piki anticoagulants tūturu. Kei te whakapono te reira e te nui nui o te anticoagulant i roto i tenei take mauranga anake ratou hua ki te te toto i roto i te ate, me te tīpona.

Ko tata unknown Tūkinotanga o te coagulation o waitinana i te whanaketanga o te Thrombosis. He raraunga whakamātau e whakaū kia paku rerekē nga huringa ine i roto i te toto me te tīpona, engari te aronga o ratou tuakiri. I tua atu, kua mohiotia ai e tahi Thrombosis e te āta iti i roto i te rere waitinana i te limfoprotoka rei heke, me te hanganga o te thrombus venous tahi e huringa i tohua i roto i te toto me te tīpona. Tenei tauira tohu e reira he take pai e kore ako takahi anake nga āhuatanga o te tukanga pukapuka-ake i roto i te pūnaha lymphatic, engari ano ki te whakamahi i ratou i roto i te mahi haumanu.

Ma te waitinana: whakaaturanga

he nui nui o pūhui kino whiwhi i roto i te wāhi intercellular mō te tūkino o te pūnaha lymphatic. I roto i tenei take, kua poke te waitinana, ārahi ki te whanaketanga o te lymphostasis. haere tahi ana tēnei huru e te hua i roto i te kawenga i runga i te whekau, rawa te ate, whatukuhu, me paru. Kia kore ai te pānga ino o tāoke, he mea e tika ana ki te whakarato i pana wai lymphatic me te matamua tamau o te wai interstitial.

Tuhinga mo te horoi o te pūnaha lymphatic e te whai ake āhua:

• takarepa detoxification tika ki kōtītiti i roto i te ate, me te whēkau (kakā, colitis, goiter, kōroke me te ate stasis);

maremare • auau;

• mate ma'i o te whekau papatoiake (hei tauira, cystitis, adnexitis endometritis ranei);

• mate intestinal atu mate e kua haere tahi e te haurangi nui ranei;

• mate o te kiri;

• lesion pāwera (hei tauira, dermatitis atopic, katoatia atopic dermatitis ranei);

• kāwanatanga, tahi e nui kino kiko, me te absorption ki te hua wehenga toto (whētuki, weranga me piere);

• ngā raruraru circulatory tika ki mate toto, Thrombosis, Embolism;

• disorders endocrine, ngā mōmona, mate huka me te mate thyroid.

tikanga Basic o pure te waitinana

I mua i a koutou waitinana ma, kia kōrero ki te rata, ko wai e whakatau i te contraindications taea, me te āwhina i te whiriwhiri koe i te kōwhiringa pai.

Tikanga № 1. E horo'a hua pai i roto i te arthrosis me te rumati, e tango te wahi ki te hanganga o te edema ko ano hoki he tohu o te kore coronary ngakau, thrombophlebitis ma'i, me te whakangaromanga o te pūnaha romahā, osteochondrosis. E kore e taea e koe te whakamahi i tēnei tikanga, ki te he mate pāwera ki citrus koutou, me te ina kua mate huka te manawanui.

He mea tika ki te tango 900 mL Orange wai, te nui ano o te hua hīmoemoe wai, me 200 ml o te wai rēmana hou. Me tenei katoa diluted ki 2 rita o te wai rewanga. I roto i te kore e kai parakuihi te ata, meatia he werowero o 2 rita o te wai, i te mea e tika ana ki te tāpiri-mua 2 tbsp. l. aporo cider winika. I muri kia werowero waihanga inu 100 ml o te wai i roto i i whakarerea te tote o Glauber, tango tonu i te ua wera, i muri nei inu 200 ml he inu citrus premix me ngohe noa te wai. I muri kia katoa inu 4 rita o te ranunga (i wahi o 100 ml hawhe katoa haora).

kia ma te waitinana i tenei tikanga e kawea atu hoki e toru nga ra. Kia mahara ki e muri i tenei e kore e taea e koe i ohorere tunu te whakawhiti ki te kai mua, kia whakawhānui i te kai āta. E tūtohutia ana ki te inu he inu, kai hua, kohuatia huawhenua me ngā pata.

Tikanga № 2. E tauturu te reira pure te waitinana, ki te unu i tāoke me te faaо i te tinana ki te huaora. I roto i te ata kia meatia i te werowero purenga. Na e hiahia ana koe ki te kai tetahi zest rēmana kuoro ki koromamao i roto i ngā ki te honi me te huka hua. kia pau katoa ra i te kotahi rēmana ki runga, me te mau mai i te tau ki te 15. Na, kia heke te maha i te kai i nga ra i te iti rawa 1 rēmana.

Tikanga № 3. Me tango tatou i te rēmana, beets, kāreti, pamekaranete (katoa o 2 kg), kotēhia te wai, uru ki te honi, me te tango 10 ra i runga i te puku kau ki 50 ml, ka mahi i te mea kiano i matao e rima-ra. E toutou ēnei akoranga tae noa te mutunga o te ranunga rite, e kia penapena i roto i te pouaka ki te taupoki katia piri.

Tikanga № 4. tūtohutia rata Tibet ki te horoi whai te waitinana. Me koe ki te tango 200 ml o te wai hou o te kāreti me beets i roto i te ōwehenga o 4: 1 ia i te aroaro o te kai. I te wa ano kia tangohia e whaowhia celandine i runga i te tauira hāngai: puku kau i roto i te ata, - kotahi te maturuturunga iho i mua i te tina - 2 pata ahiahi mō te tina - 3 pata, me ētahi atu, me te mau mai i te horopeta ki te 15 pata, a ka whakaiti i te nui o whaowhia ki te dosing tuatahi (.. ki te 1 taka).

No te faaineine i tēnei e whaowhia o celandine tarutaru kia tapatapahia rawatia me te kotēhia te wai, ka pumau te reira. I muri iho, mo nga wai 450mg me tāpiri 70 ml o te waipiro. kia te paemahana o te whaowhia hua.

Me kï reira e he pai i roto i te aroaro o te takawhita i roto i te tūroro ki te mate kūnatu, psoriasis, puku, osteochondrosis ano hoki tenei tikanga o purenga o te pūnaha lymphatic.

mutunga

Hei huihuia ake, ka taea e tatou te mea e te waitinana - he inu e karapoti me ruhi, pūtau katoa o te tinana tangata. Ko te mahi tuatahi o te waitinana - horoi kopa me whēkau o te hua pirau. Ko e pā ana tata ki te tohanga toto waitinana tohanga, me te whakarato hauora tinana tino arotau me te taumata tiketike o te ora.

Ka rite ki i hanga te te waitinana? Ka rite ki tohua i runga ake, tenei tukanga pai uaua, e e wahi i roto i te maha o ngā kaupapa, me te he ti'aturi i runga i ngā āhuatanga maha. Purenga o te tinana i te waitinana ko e kohikohi reira inu i te taikaha me te hua pūkoro tinana i te wāhi intercellular, a whakawhitia ratou ki nga taikiri e he "teihana tātari". I tua atu ki te horoi i te tinana, waitinana ko te mahi tiaki, no te mea e tauturu te reira ki te pehea e o āpiha ke me tukumate.

Waitinana Ko te regulator nui o ngā tukanga pūkoro i roto i te tinana, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te take o ngā pūtau kai tōtika. I roto i te wā o te ofatiraa o te waitinana hanganga tērā tona revolution whakawhanake inu intercellular whakaroau ranei, e tika ana ki te edema. Me mahara hoki käore te reira e arata'i tohanga waitinana puhoi ki te rohirohi nui, me te te tūpuku o tukanga faufaa e muri e taea meinga ngā momo o mate, me te hoholo taimi halá, o ngā pūtau.

Homai enei mahi waitinana, e tūtohu ana ki te kawe i roto i tona horoi i te iti rawa e rua i te tau i runga i nga ngā tukanga e hāngai ana. Taua purenga taea te tinana ki te maka o matū me te mahi faufaa, me te kino i te taumata tino pai.