Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin: haurongo, whakaahua me peita o te kaitoi

mahi Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin i te tahuri o te rau tau, ka rongonui rite te kaipeita, pikitia, ariki nui o pae tapere. hanga e ia tona kāhua ake i roto i te hōtaka, i te mea tino aroha o te minenga, a kitea maha ta. Ko te whakarau o tenei ariki whakamiharo me tona tukufakaholo fakaofoofa i roto i te toi noho tonu te arotahi o te tangata ritenga hou.

timata o te ara

whanau Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin i 4 (16) i roto i August 1876 i roto i te kainga o Tarkhovka e tata St Petersburg. Ko te tupuna o te kaitoi - mohiotia kaihokohoko Kaluga, rongonui hoki rironga ko me te moni ora i roto i o te fatherland te whakarau. papa o te artist, Yakov Ivanovich Bilibin i hōia, me te tākuta o te kaipuke, ka te upoko o te hōhipera, me te kaitirotiro hauora o te Imperial Tāruru, whai wāhi i roto i te pakanga Russian-Turkish. hiahia Matua tana tama ki te waiho i te rōia, me te pi Ivan Bilibin, whiwhi ki te mētara hiriwa i te kura nui, whakauru i manga ture St Petersburg University o.

haapii e ia te tangata taitamariki i roto i te whakapono pai, tae te akoranga tonu o kauhau, ka awhina tona tuhinga. Ko muri ki tenei ko te tino mahi me te sulivshey ture ora tonu amanaki heke mai ngingila i tetahi atu moe. Ko ia he tamaiti ki te weriweri kumea ana. Āpiti atu ki ana ako i te University o Bilibin ako ia te pūtaiao o te peita, me te tuhi i te kura o Drawing manu (Society mo te whakamarietanga o Toi). Waru marama i muri mai, ka mau e ia akomanga i roto i te kura toi tūmataiti o te kaipeita Austro-Hungarian Anton Ažbe i Munich. Ko reira konei e te ako o te ahua piri faufaa motuhake, me te whakawhanake i roto i ngā ākonga te kaha ki te kitea he kāhua toi takitahi. I te kāinga ako pakeke Bilibin i te taiwhanga o te peita arahina e Ili Repina.

kaupapa tino

I te wa o te ako Bilibina te Higher Art School o te Academy o Toi, te wahi i hoatu e te tangata taitama Repin, i reira ko te whakaaturanga o Viktor Vasnetsov, e tuhituhi i roto i te tikanga whaiāipo ahurei i runga i ngā pakiwaitara Russian me tales patupaiarehe. i whai ingoa i roto i te heke mai o to tatou toi maha kaimätakitaki o te whakaaturanga. ko Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich i roto ia ratou. maongo mahi a Vasnetsov te ākonga ki te ngakau, uru ia muri iho i kite ia i konei, ko te aha ihora okaka ka hemo hoki te mea i tona wairua.

I roto i te tau tukuna 1899-1902 ope hauhake Russian peeke kāwanatanga raupapa pukapuka, rite rawa ki te whakaahua pai o tales iwi. He nga pikitia whakairoiro ki tales patupaiarehe "Vasilisa te Ataahua", "pārera White", "Ivan Tsarevich me te Firebird" me te tini ke atu. whakarārangitia te kaituhi o te peita i Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich.

Whakaahua ki tales patupaiarehe

Tona matauranga o te wairua motu me te rotarota e whai manawa pakiwaitara Russian, tipu i raro i kore anake te mana o te hiahia nuinga ki ki te iwi toi. i vēkeveke ki te mohio me te ako i te wāhanga fakalaumālie o tona iwi, tona rotarota me te ora te toi. I roto i te 1899, haere Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin i te kainga Egny e i roto i te kawanatanga Tver, i 1902, ako ia ahurea me te hia kē o te kawanatanga Vologda, he tau i muri mai, tae mai te toi Olonets me Arkhangelsk kawanatanga. Mai i ngā haerenga kawea Bilibin te kohinga o mahi o kaitoi iwi, rakau hoahoanga whakaahua.

hua ana ongo i roto i mahi kairīpoata me ngā pūrongo rangahau e pā ana ki iwi toi, hoahoanga me te kākahu motu. Kua riro Ahakoa atu hua putanga o enei haerenga taketake mahi Bilibin, i i kitea he weriweri mo te hōtaka ariki, me te kāhua rawa motuhake. I roto i te Bilibin i ora ai rua taranata ngingila - kairangahau me te toi, me tetahi atu whangai homai. āta mahi Ivan Yakovlevich i nga kōrero, e kore e tuku ki a ratou kia teka i roto i tetahi pīhono kotahi.

Ko te pū o te kāhua

He aha te mea na rerekē i tona tikanga o te tahi atu tohunga toi Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich? Whakaahua o ana mahi whakamiharo me hari te āwhina ki a tatou ia maramarama i te reira. I runga i te wahi o te pepa e kite tatou i te ara iahiko tauira whakairoiro mārama, whakamana ki te taipitopito rawa, me te papatae te peita wai rivet marama nga tae tino koa. Ana whakaahua o nga maongoonga me tales o kōrero mīharo, ora, whiti, me te kore kahore katakata.

Mā te tiaki o te tika hītori o te whakapakoko, i i whakakitea i roto i te whika i roto i te kōrero kākahu, hoahoanga, oko, i taea e ki te hanga i te huru o te ataahua makutu, me te ngaro te rangatira. Ko te tata rawa ki te wairua o te rōpū auaha "Ao Art o" Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin, tona haurongo ko tata ki te rōpū o toi e pā ana tenei. Ko ratou mārenatanga i moni katoa i roto i te ahurea o te mua, entailing ki te Pīhanga o onamata.

Perception o te ao i roto i te pikitia

Mai i 1907 ki te tau 1911 i hanga Bilibin te raupapa o whakaahua o maongoonga â me patupaiarehe mahi whiti Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina. Here pikitia ahuareka, me te fakaofoofa ki te "Tale o te Golden Cockerel" me "Te Tale o Tsar Saltan". Kua waiho whakaahua i te tāpiritanga e kore e tika, engari i te haere tonu o enei mahi-waha, e, kahore he feaa, lau te wairua ariki Bilibin.

Prince Ivan me te Frog, i karanga ki te rangatira i, Bag o Bones ko Yaga, Ilya Muromets ko Nightingale te tahae, Elena te Fair, Churila Plenkovich, Svyatogor - pehea maha toa ite te ngakau, me te "ora" i runga i te wahi o te pepa Ivan Ya!

Kua aroaro Folk toi ariki etahi tinihanga: ara whakapaipai, me te bast ki te hoahoa wāhi toi e kawea mai Bilibin i roto i a ratou mahi ki te tino.

Ngohe i roto i tā

mahi Ivan Bilibin hei kaitoi me te i roto i te mau ve'aa o te wā. hanga e ia masterpieces o tā atu i whai wāhi nui ki te tupu o tenei ahumahi me tona whakataki ki te ahurea rongonui. Putanga o "o tangata Reading Room", kihai i "te huruhuru Golden", "Treasures Art o Russia" me etahi atu mahi, kahore ētahi huatau, me te kōrero, Wallpapers, hiako, me pānui Bilibina.

rongo World

kaimahi Russian mahere ka mohiotia ki waho. I whakakitea ratou i whakaaturanga i roto i Prague ko Paris, Venice ko Berlin, Vienna, Brussels ko Leipzig. nene'i-ratou makasini ke, a ka whakahau whare ke huahua a Bilibin mō stagecraft.

drawings Sapphire

I roto i 1905 ka haere mai te revolution Russian tuatahi. Ka rite ki te nuinga o te hinengaro, Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin ki faaururaa kaha tautoko papatipu ara. I roto i te moheni Sapphire "Bugbear" me "te reinga-mēra" puta artist cartoon. hanga ana e ia huahua pukukata, kataina rangatira a te kingi, i roto i te waituhi, me te i roto i tona kāhua patupaiarehe korero rongonui kumea te ahua nui o Kingi Peas, meake whakakake i runga i tona kaupapa. I roto i te peita pāhoro i ara hopukina te toi mo te wā o rua tekau-wha haora.

pae, me te peita wai ariki

mahi o Bilibin hei kaituhi timata ki te tirohanga tapere o te mahi ki te Paris National Theatre, i hoatu ki a ia he tikanga mo te huahua ki te opera e Rimsky-Korsakov o "Snow Maiden". Na i reira nga nga huinga mō ngā i roto i te St Petersburg me Moscow. Ko e tika ana te angitu o te opera e Rimsky-Korsakov o "te Golden Cockerel" i roto i Moscow i roto i kahore iti wahi te tirohanga tino mīharo nehenehe, hanga e te ringa o te rangatira. hanga Bilibin huahua o kākahu mō te Mussorgsky o "Boris Godunov" me teunga Spanish mo te whakaari o te Calderon "Pakatori o St. Patrick," me hoki ki te pukuhohe o "puna hipi" a lopë de Vega. Ko te artist whakairo whakawhanakehia kāhua o te hīteki Diaghilev.

Kotahi tekau nga tau, mai i 1907, i whakaako Bilibin whakairoiro i te Society mō te whakamarietanga o te kura Toi. I muri i te haerenga ki Ingarangi me Airana Ivan Y. "mate" pae. Ia kaha tuhituhi moana peita wai, rangi me te rohe o Ingarangi pakeke. mahi Rocky me seascapes te kaitoi i roto i te Crimea, i haere katoa te raumati.

tutū pāhoro, hekenga

I roto i te Hui-tanguru 1917 puta he revolution i roto i Russia. ka mau Ivan Yakovlevich ia. hanga noa ia he huahua tuhi ki te ekara rua-ahu, karaunatia nei ki te koti o ringa o te Kawanatanga Takitaro, a nui i muri i whakamahia mō te minting moni.

kihai i te Oketopa Revolution meinga artist tākare. I te tau 1920 i mahue ia mo ki waho i te tauranga o Novorossiysk, a mutu ake i roto i Ihipa. Here i faataahia Bilibin ki ora mo te wha tau e.

Works o tenei wā - huahua i te ngā koeko ngaro, me te mure ore, waituhi, me whakaahua huahua o nga tangata o Kairo.

I roto i te ngahuru o 1925 ka haere a Ivan Yakovlevich ki Paris ka anga ki te mahi kaha i roto i ngā tānga, whakaahua Russian, Western me Eastern patupaiarehe korero. I te wa o te hekenga hanga Bilibin whakaaro nui mō te ata, me frescoes o te hahi Russian i roto i te urupā Olsany i Prague.

fruitfully a pai mahi te tekau tau i waenganui i 1920-1930 tau Ivan Yakovlevich i te hoahoa o ngā tapere i hanga drawings ki te wa opera i te whare tapere Champs Élysees, mahi ia i roto i te entreprise «puoru Russian i Paris," Kua hanga hoahoa rerekē mō te ori o Stravinsky "te Firebird."

hoki

Life i roto i te whakarau i whai taonga, me te noa, engari e kore e te artist waiho tipu hiahia mo Russia. I roto i tona whakaraua tūao, e kore ia ka mau te tangata whenua no Roma ke a tangohia ana raraunga Soviet i roto i 1935. I te wa ano i hanga e ia he rōpū rahi "Mikula Selyaninovich" mo te whare o te karere Soviet i roto i te pane a French. He tau i muri mai, te toi, me tona hapu hoki ki honau fonua tupu'angá. Bilibin i māfana oha e te kāwanatanga hou, a meinga ana ia hei ahorangi o awheawhe whakairoiro o te Institute o Painting, Sculpture, Architecture Academy o Toi i roto i Leningrad. kihai ia i waiho i te mahi i roto i te mara o whakairoiro pukapuka.

Te kaipeita rongonui , mate i roto i te whakapaenga o Leningrad i 1942 i te hemokai, a tanumia i roto i te urupa puranga he ahorangi i te urupā Smolensk.

Otchetliv me kanapa ara e mahue i te aamu o te ao toi artist Russian mīharo Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin. Paintings, ngā pikitia, whakairoiro me ētahi atu faaururaa ana tauira auaha e penapena he inaianei i roto i ngā kohinga tūmatanui, me te tūmataiti. whakapaipai ratou nga holo "o te Museum Russian" i roto i te St. Petersburg, e faaite i roto i te Theatre Museum. Bakhrushin i Moscow, Kiev Museum o Russian Art, i roto i Victoria me Albert Museum o Rānana, i roto i Paris Taiwhanga National i Oxford Ashmolean Museum me te tini ke atu.