International Day Chess - he whakanui o hinengaro me te rautaki

Chess - he kēmu poari mo rua hoariri, i whai wāhi te poari tapawha i roto i 64 tapawhā o rua ngā tae, me te 32 ngā āhua. motherland Historical whakaaro India te, i roto i te Persian "Shah" - te kingi, "moenga" - Kua mate. Day International o amateurs whaikīngi me kaitākaro ngaio whakanui i runga i te 20 o Hūrae.

1500 tau i roto i te aamu o te chess

Ko te kōrero o te "pukapuka o nga kingi" (rau 10, India) parau te putanga e whai ake o te kēmu. I roto i te kuini kaha whanau tama māhanga. Rite i roto i te kaha me te maramarama, e rua i taea e riro ratou rangatira. kia te kingi kotahi anake. Te whaea, i runga i te tohutohu o nga tangata whakaaro nui, ka tukua ratou ki te whawhai, te wahi kua katoa ki te whakamatautau ia ia kia rite ki te hero.

riro teina te whawhai ki te hoariri, engari i roto i te hoatu e whawhai Whakarite Talhanda mate. No tetahi maia ki te korero ki te kuini, rite te rua o nga tama patua ia. te tangata whakaaro nui anake mai ki runga ki te kēmu i runga i te poari o te pūtau ki nga whika o nga kaitapere i roto i te nuku tukanga chess parau ia āhua pono o ngā take.

kōwhiringa kēmu

ko nga putanga tuatahi i runga i rua ranei wha kaitākaro. Pawns te parururaa i te kingi i runga i ngā taha e rua, a ki runga ki te poari i reira nga kamera. Kuini (King kaiakopono) kore i taea e haere atu i te whika matua o neke atu i te kotahi pūtau. whakarerekētia hoki nekehanga o te tahi atu āhua. Ka taea e arewhana neke hauroki toru anake ngā pūtau.

Chaturanga, i reira ki te 4 hoariri tākaro ki te koki e wha o te poari o te 8 nga wahi (he rua mo te tokorua), - he rerekētanga mutunga o chess. Ka rite ki reira nga whika me te mea ko o ratou uara - e kore e Whatahoro, engari e mohio ana tatou e ko te reira i tenei putanga o te kēmu i reira ko te Arapi "shatranj". Nga Pahi i puta ke ai ki "shatrang" Mongols - i roto i "Shatar", me ka hokona e ahau ki nga Tajiks, i huaina "Chess" (te rangatira patua).

āhukahuka o chess

I te tau 1966 i mana whakaritea ia ki te International Day Chess. Kua homai e te aamu o te kēmu i te rima rau nga tau i ia te tika kia huaina ki te maramarama faaoaoaraa matamua me rautaki. i tīmataria hararei e Fide, te Chess Organization World ko UNESCO. Hoki te wā tuatahi whakanui i tenei ra i roto i France, kua whakamana i reira mai te katoa i runga i te ao i roto i te puka o te tauwhāinga, ngā mahi waiata me ngā whakataetae.

Ko te iho ki te whakanui i te ra International o whaikīngi whakaaetia anaanatae i roto i te 178 whenua. Whakataetae me ngā whakaaturanga tukutahi e rongonui me i te whare herehere, a ka i roto i kaitōrangapū pērā i Obama, Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Victor Yushchenko.

Ko te kaitākaro pai i roto i te ao

I roto i te 1886, Vilgelm Steynits, he Ahitereiria, ka he tangata whenua i Amerika, ko te toa tuatahi ao i roto i te kēmu o chess. I mua ia ia, te pai mohio Luis Lucena ko Rui Segura (Spain), Giovanni Cutro ko Dzhoakino Greko (Neopolitanskae Basileia), F. Philidor ko Louis-Charles Mahé de La Bourdonnais L. (France). Ko te kaitākaro o te rau tau 19 tenei.

Ko te pai i roto i te rau tau 20 me te 21 whakaaro e Lasker (Germany), Capablanca (Cuba), Euwe (Horana), Fisher (USA), Anand (Inia), Topalov (Bulgaria), Carlsen (Norowe). Ko te nuinga o nga toa katoa o Russia: Alexander Alekhine, Botvinnik, V. Smyslov, Mikhail Tal, T. Petrosian, Boris Spassky, Karpov, Kasparov, Khalifman A., V. Kramnik. utu hoki whakahua Ruslana Ponamareva (Ukraine) me Rustam Kasimdzhanov (Uzbekistan).

I runga i te ra International o whaikīngi whakaahua kakama kaitākaro whakapaipai i nga fare. Kua riro o ratou ingoa ki raro i roto i te hītori me te ratou rōpū. Ko te rautaki pai, me te arorau o te ao ki te kia whakakake o ratou whenua, mai i 2006, hanumi ki te whakahaere kotahi.

Moscow, 2015

International Chess Day (2015) i roto i Moscow i tohua e te mahi rahi. I te whakatuwheratanga i tae e te Peresideni o te International Federation Kirsan Ilyumzhinov, peresideni o te Moscow Federation Vladimir Palikhata, GMs Manakova M., S. Karjakin, Alexander Savin, J. Nepomnyashchy me ētahi atu māngai rongonui me manuhiri.

Events mo te ra International o whaikīngi tīmata tonu i runga i te 5 wāhi motuhake i roto i te pa. whakatuwheratanga Grand, te wahi mihi nga kaitākaro nga kau taki me ngā māngai o te Federation o UNESCO, ki tonu i te whakakatakata, me te mahana hoa ko.

I te tau kura 1883 fakamanatu Kirsan Ilyumzhinov nga tamariki e chess - e kore te mea pera nui te hākinakina rite whakangungu manawanui ā-me te ahurea. Ko te reira i te toi me te whakataka atu pūtaiao ki tetahi. Ki te pai A. kaitākaro studio tū Akhmetov te simul.

I te Parkway Passionate rangatira i muri i te tākaro mihi me mau horo'a i te kēmu o chess waho. korero Next A. Golichenkov e pā ana ki te angitu o te karapu taitamariki o Moscow State University manga o te ture i te whare wānanga. T. Gvilava ngā tūmanako mō te whanaketanga o te kaupapa "ararewa ki te Future".

Ko te kura whaikīngi ki te ingoa ataahua tae "Étude" V. Palikhata me GMs i roto i te ahiahi, me i roto i te oro'a hanahana whakatuwheratia 2 Moscow Cup tour. mutu te hararei ki te kēmu o "chess ora" me te kōrero o te katoa-Russian kaupapa "Chess i roto i ngā kura".

Arts kēmu

International Chess Day anaanatae whakanuia katoa i runga i te ao. Ko te kēmu - he tukupā ki te hiranga i roto i te whakangungu, whanaketanga, me te tiaki o ngā puka, hao me te wikitoria. mohio Olympic Komiti i roto i te tau 2006 i te hākinakina, engari e kore e te haere i te reira ki te whakauru i roto i te hōtaka, me te veimau me te piriti.

Tenei matakana o te whaikīngi he tika ki te preconception e te hākinakina - ko reira whanaketanga matua tinana. A hono katoa e te ki te hinengaro - ko reira he tikanga, me te toi. International Day Chess - he hararei o kotahitanga kaitākaro kore anake, engari ano hoki mahi ki te matakana o te Komiti Olympic.

Āhuatanga o te mahi e taea tangi rite tenei:

1. I roto i te kēmu, te whakamahi i tuakoi e rua o te roro. whakaaro arorau waitara me te mahi wā kotahi i roto i te ahunga kotahi.
2. whakamahi Memory tukanga whakahaere, me te wā roa-, e whakaako ite.
3. Whakawhanake arorau, pūmautanga aronganui, ki te hiahia riro, tātari hapa.