Huarahi Whaiaro ki te mātauranga me te whakangungu

ariā ako katoa, rite ki te tikanga, ai e runga e kua arotahi ratou te tauira pai o te tuakiri. Ia, i roto i te tahuri, kua whakaritea e te hiahia pāpori-ōhanga o te hapori i roto i nei e te tukanga wahi. I roto i ngā āhuatanga o te ōhanga mākete he tata kahore oro te hanga o te ora, e kore e whai ki te haere atu i te raruraru ranei. I roto i tenei hononga, kei te hoko i te reira piki nui auaha, maramarama, tuakiri whakataetae. I roto i tenei take, kia ririhau te reira mo te whanaketanga whaiaro tonu.

huarahi Whaiaro-hāngai

основной упор делается на индивидуальное развитие. I roto i te mātauranga, ko te aronga nui ki te whanaketanga takitahi. wāhanga katoa o te pūnaha, te tikanga i roto i nei e whakatinana hāngai ai mahi i runga i te hua i tohua. Tenei, Heoi, e kore te auraa e kore te tahi atu ariā o te tauira pai whakaaro. предполагает приоритетную роль индивидуальных особенностей ребенка. Ko te huarahi whaiaro ko te tūranga matua o te āhuatanga takitahi o te tamaiti. Kei te whakamahia te reira i roto i ngā kura Montessori, Célestin Freinet, i roto i te pūnaha Waldorf. Kia titiro tatou ratou i roto i ngā kōrero.

kura Waldorf

в первую очередь направлен на признание ребенка как уникального, своеобразного индивида. huarahi Whaiaro i roto i te mātauranga kei te matua hāngai ana ki te aronga o te tamaiti rite te ahurei, takitahi i rawe ki. arotahi te reira i runga i te kaiako manukanuka, e faatura mō ngā tamariki, me o ratou painga katoa me ngā huakore. mahi pakeke tuatahi ko ki te waihanga i te tikanga e tika ana mo te whanaketanga me te tupu o te tamaiti, ina koa i roto i ngā morare, me te wairua.

mōhiohio hītori

I mua, ko te heke mai o te tamaiti i meinga e te meka te whānau i roto i nei i whanau ai, ka whakawhanakehia. i taea e ona matua e pūkenga, kaimahi me peasants. Nä, ko te taea o te whānau, me te kōrero tuku iho te nuinga whakaritea e te trajectory o te taumata mātauranga me te ara i muri. I roto i te kura Valdorsfskoy kore e he taua mahi nui ngā āhuatanga pāpori. и развитии ребенка не ставит цель создать человека конкретного типа. I tua atu, e kore e te huarahi ākonga-fakatefito ki te mātauranga me te whanaketanga o te tamaiti whai ki te hanga i tētahi momo ngā o te tangata. Kei te arotahi te reira i runga i te hanganga o te hiahiatanga mō te whanaketanga-whaiaro, me te tupu takitahi. Montessori School, i te rerekē, e te mahi matua ki te waihanga i te tikanga tino pai mo te whanaketanga o te tamaiti. Ki te whakaaro ki te pūnaha Frenet, tona āhuatanga matua ko e te hanga ki runga ki te whakaako o te hangatanga. Ki te whakakitea tona whakatinanatanga te haere noa auaha e rua ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki.

āhua aronganui

, преподаватель уделяет внимание не только индивидуальным, возрастным особенностям. Mā te whakamahi i te huarahi whaiaro ki te ako, utu te kaiako aro ki te takitahi, ngā āhuatanga tau e kore anake. E rite nui ko te āhua aronganui o te tamaiti. Kei te hapa tonu tana pūkete o te raruraru i tenei ra. I te wa ano nga āhua whānui - hari, fiefia, pukukino, ngenge, pōuri me te pera i runga i - he motuhake, a i roto i ētahi wā, tino i roto i te whanaketanga, hanga he whanonga pai kino ranei.

Kōwhiringa ki te whakaoti i te raruraru

Ite i te huarahi whaiaro i roto i te mātauranga, Me ki mohio ai āhua aronganui he tino angamaheni mo te tamaiti takitahi te kaiako. Hoatu o ratou faaiteraa, whakatakoto ana pakeke nga tikanga mo te mahi tahi ki nga tamariki, ratou auahatanga tahi. O te faufaa ngā e papā kāwanatanga. E whakaaro ana ratou ki te hei mau faaiteraa aronganui matatini. te kitenga o te huarahi whaiaro kei roto i te tauira o te whanaketanga tamaiti i roto i nga tau torutoru mua. whakaratohia ana tēnei tikanga o te ngā i roto i Talanchuk ariā. fakamamafa'i te kaituhi i te tangata ko te ngako pāpori o te takitahi. Kei te whakahuatia te reira i roto i te taumata o ratou tūranga pāpori pūnaha osvoennosti. I tona kounga tei runga i te kaha pāpori o te takitahi. Ko te kupu, i roto i te hapu e whakawhanake te tamaiti te tikanga e tika ana o te ora: haapii i te tamaiti, me te whakatinana i te mahi o tana tama, a muri tona papa, te kotiro - tona tamahine, a ka tona whaea. Ka kite te takitahi ahurea kōrerorero i roto i te anga o te ngā ngātahi. Ka taea e mahi te reira i rite te tū ranei rangatira. I muri, te tangata whanake he mema mahi o te mahi kapa. Hei wāhanga o te whakawhanaunga o te pāhekoheko o te hapori, me te takitahi tangata kite te raruraru o nga tangata whenua. I te wa ano i reira he he hanganga kaha o "whaiaro ariā-." Kei te taonga reira ki uara hou, me te tikanga.

onäianei

Kei te mea te reira e tuhinga hou me te mahi whakaako ahu whakamua e aronga motuhake i runga i te huarahi whaiaro. Heoi, e kore e tenei tikanga e nekehia atu raruraru te whanaketanga o te tamaiti i roto i te hapori, me te i roto i te reira rite te kotiti. I te anga ke, he maha ngā pātai mo i roto i ngā te whakawhanaunga o te takitahi, e taea e kore te whakatika i waho falala ki nga whai wāhitanga mātauranga, me te kore he pera nui te kaha te kaiako rite te rōpū pāpori i roto i nei kei reira. Heoi, ko tonu te hāngai i runga i te whanaketanga takitahi i roto i te āhuatanga i taua. Ki te i roto i te wā Soviet, mātauranga i roto i te hapori, me te i roto i te reira i maha hua i roto i te te whakaōritenga o te takitahi, no te mea i hanga mo te rōpū pāpori ngā, inaianei me whiwhi i te takitahi he wāhi tika, me te whai wāhi ki te ite ratou mana faufaa me ngā āheinga.

tūtohutanga

принесет эффект, если преподаватель будет: ka kawea huarahi Whaiaro pānga, ki te ka te kaiako:

1. Hei aroha ki a ratou tamariki. E kore tenei tikanga e hiahia ana koe te upoko o ia tamaiti ki te patu. te kitenga o te aroha te roto i te hoa, e whakawhirinaki ana hononga ki ngā tamariki.
2. Rapua ki matau i te tamaiti whāinga, ngā mahi, manawa i roto i nga āhuatanga.
3. Kia mahara e nga ākonga - he tuakiri ahurei. tamariki katoa i to ratou ake āhuatanga, te kaha tīwera o te mea tiketike rawa.
4. Kia mahara e he pūmanawa ahakoa te tahi mea tamariki katoa.
5. Me te whai wāhi ki te whakapai ake, ara, ki te mea kua mahia te ākonga he mahi rahi. E kore matou e mahara kino.
6. Eiaha e faafaito ia tamariki ki a rātou anō. Me feinga ki te titiro i te takitahi "ngā o tupu" a ia tamaiti.
7. Kia mahara e ka haere mai te aroha tahi i te tahi, me te matauranga.
8. Rapu me te tuku tamaiti ia ki whaiaro iteraa-me whaiaro whakapae-.
9. Te matapae, whakatenatena, ki te hoahoa whanaketanga auaha o ngā tamariki.

huarahi Whaiaro-mahi

te kitenga o te pūmanawa tangata te roto i tona mahi. Tenei tauira ko te pūtake o te huarahi ākonga-itoito i roto i te mātauranga. Ko te parau tumu matua o te whai wāhi mātātoa o ngā tamariki i roto i ngā kaupapa whaitake, me te ngā. Hei wāhanga o te tātaritanga o te whakahaere o te mahi o schoolboys o faufaa motuhake kia hoatu ki tona hanganga. I roto i te mau papa'iraa o kaimātai hinengaro ngā mahi Leontiev ko Rubinstein ngā nga hiahia, manawa, mahi āhuatanga (tikanga), me nga hua o ngā mahi. Platonov te faaohie i tenei kaupapa. I roto i ana mahi mahi kanohi rite te taiawhio tënei o te tumu, he tikanga, me te hua. Shakurov whakaarohia hanganga pūnaha-hihiri. Te reira i whakaurua atu te ariā o te wāhanga mahi: takotoranga, hōtaka, te whakatinanatanga, otinga.

tikanga-a

kia hāngai Organization o ngā mahi a ngā tamariki i te whakapakari i te wāhi matea-whakahihiko, lalahi, me te tukanga. puta Mahi i raro i ngā āhuatanga motuhake. I roto i tenei whakaaro, i roto i te anga o te mātauranga e whakamahia ana huarahi-a. a feruri maite e ia te whakatutukitanga o te torutoru ture:

1. I roto i tetahi āhuatanga, e kore e te kaiako rere ki te hanga i te whakatau. He mea tika ki te whakaaro, ki te paunatia kōwhiringa i muri i ngaro te maha o ngā rautaki.
2. A, no te whakatau kia ranei kia hoatu hiahia ki pōhiri morare i roto i o tenei āhuatanga. Ko tenei ki te whakarite kia e haapapu o tapatahi ngaio me te tika o te pakeke tamariki.
3. E kore e whakaoti koe nga raruraru katoa e kua puta ake i roto i te tika āhuatanga uaua. He mea tika ki te puta i roto i ngā wāhanga.
4. kia whakarite ratou whakataunga i runga i te whanaketanga o ngā.
5. Ki te hanga koe he hape, kua ki te whakaae i te reira ki ahau i roto i te wahi tuatahi, me te, ki te tika, ki ngā tamariki te kaiako. Tenei ka whai wāhi ki te whakarei ake i te mana ki te whānuitanga nui atu te hiahia ki te tonu te titiro whakamamaetanga.

mutunga

Hei wāhanga o te tauira humanistic he tika ki te hanga i ngā āhuatanga tūturu i roto i i neke te tāwēwē o ngā uara me te kaiako, me nga tamariki ki te mau huru pono tangata. I roto i te tahuri, titau whakapai ake o te ahurea kaupapa o te kōrero, whakapuaki auaha me te kōrero i tenei. Ehara i te mea e pā ana ki te hoatu ake tikanga tuku iho, me ngā puka o te mātauranga. E pā ana tēnei ki te neke o ngā kaupapa matua ki te whakapai ake i te kounga o te pūnaha whanaketanga-whaiaro.