He aha tino haapii tatou Pita Pan?

E rave rahi matahiti i ma'iri a'e, te kaimātai hinengaro Rosalind Ridley toro i te hoa tutuki i runga i "Stories o Pita Pan" e James Metyu Barri. PĀNUITIA haerenga tino mīharo o Pita, ka mohio Rosalind Ridley e kore e tika kōrero o ngā tamariki e pā ana ki patupaiarehe me te korero kararehe enei kōrero: i raro i huna i te taupoki o te Adventures o Pita Pena Barri māramatanga hohonu rerekē o mahara tangata, te roro, me tona whanaketanga i roto i te tamarikitanga.

Ko te kōrero ātahu o pehea ako tatou katoa ki te whakaaro tenei. Na, he aha parau mai ia tatou i te aamu e pā ana ki te mahinga mōrearea o te tamaiti kihai nei i pai ki te tupu ake?

ako

whakaputaina Rosalind Ridley he ako hou ātahu hāngai ana i runga i ongó kitenga e pā ana ki Barry mahara tangata, whakaaro, haamana'oraa, moe, me moe.

tohe Ridley e tokomaha o nga mōrearea o pūwāhi Pita ki te ariā pūtaiao e puta tekau tau anake i muri i te whakaputanga o ngā kōrero.

kōrero

Barry i whakaahuatia tuatahi e Pita Pan ka ko ia tonu te tamaiti, i te mea he aha whakaata kōrero e pā ana ki te mōrearea o Pita te maha nui o awenga waho, no te mea ka mau te reira e rave rahi tau i mua i puta mai te kōrero a ka mau āhua.

tuatahi ka puta te huru i roto i 1902 i roto i te pūrākau Barry "Tommy ko Grisel", i muri i roto i te pukapuka o te tamariki "manu White" puta he tamaiti, ko Pita, e kore nei i hiahia tino ki te tupu ake. ka te huru matua o Pita Pan te tākaro "Pita Pan", whakaturia ki runga ki te atamira i te 1904. I runga i te tākaro e Barry i tuhituhi te kōrero i huaina "Pita ko Wendy", i whakaputaina i roto i te tau 1911.

pānga

I roto i tenei wā, i kua pai mohio Barry kaituhi, tītaka i roto i porowhita pāpori mohio. Tenei kōrero whakaaetia Barry ki te tiki tata ki etahi o nga ngā rangatira o te tuhinga, toi me te pūtaiao.

Kaituhi Genri Dzheyms, he nāianei o Barry, fakafe'iloaki ia ki tona teina, William James - kaimātai hinengaro American, kitea e tona huarahi auaha. Tenei mohio, pea i mahi te whenua kia rite ki mōmona mo te maara o ngā whakaaro matatini e pā ana ki te mahara o te kaituhituhi, me te moe.

Pūtaiao me te tuhinga o ngā tamariki

Ko te kupu, nga mahi mātātoa o Pita Pan tonu te whakarerenga iho o ngā tuhinga XIX-XX rau tau - he ahua o te ranunga o te pūtaiao me te toi, rawa i roto i te tuhinga o ngā tamariki.

Charlz Kingsli, kaituhi o "tamariki o Water", i tuhituhi tona korero i raro i te mana o te ariā o te kukuwhatanga o Darwin, i "Alice i te Fenua Maere" Ko te ako faahiahia o te pāngarau, me te arorau. Ahakoa faauruhia etahi Hans Christian Andersen i ngā whanaketanga pūtaiao, me te hangarau hou, pērā i hoki tauira he tenenga karu.

tohu Ridley i e kore te anake "tono" Barry whakaaro o ētahi atu, engari tino whakawhānui hoki ratou whakahere ona ake, i roto i-māramatanga hōhonu. He nui o te whakapakoko ahurei o te mahara tangata kanohi i roto i nga kōrero e pā ana ki a Pita Pan, e hāngai ana i runga i te mātakitaki mūrere hoki Barry mo te tangata, te kararehe, me te ia.

Moe me te Pūmahara

He Kotahi anake ki te titiro i tetahi o nga scenes tuatahi i roto i nga haerenga o Pita ko Wendy, "Mrs. Darling tuatahi i rongo ahau o Pita, ka hoatu e ia i roto i te raupapa i te feruriraa o ta ratou mau tamarii. Tenei ritenga pō o nga whaea pai. i muri tonu hinga nga tamariki moe, e te reira mea i roto i te tikanga i roto i to ratou feruriraa te pehi e ko te ata mea katoa i roto i tona wahi. oho te tamaiti ake i roto i te ata, me ona whakaaro kino katoa me māna neatly Kikī ka huna hohonu wahi, i tika, whakaaro ataahua, aurihia, ka tika, takoto i roto i te tirohanga mania. "

tohu Rosalind Ridley i e tenei irava tino whakaatu te hononga o te moe au tonu, me mahara mahi.

Tuatahi puta i roto i te rau tau mutunga o XIX, tenei whakaaro ko inaianei te kaupapa o maha rangahau pūtaiao. scan roro i roto i te moe whakaatu te kaupapa o "poipoi puhoi" o tohu hiko i waenganui i te hippocampus - he rohe whai wāhi i roto i te hanganga mahara, me uho hou ranei neocortex, i te kawenga mō te mahara wā roa-.

I roto i te moe, tukanga matou roro haamana'oraa, me te mea whatu he wheako hou riro i roto i te ra, me te tuakana. Ka taea e tatou te mea e ko te reira i te moe ki te waihanga i tētahi raupapa pikitia o ngā e hanga ake te ora o te tangata.

Just rite Mrs. Darling cleans te raro o te pouaka māna tamariki, tamarû tenei tukanga nga sensations kino me ngā wheako putu i roto i te ra pukumahi. E tauturu te reira ki a tatou ite i te ahotea. Ehara i Koinei, maha e pā ana moe mataotao whakararuraru ki te mate hinengaro.

Gipnagogiya

I tua atu, i te haerenga tino mīharo o Pita ko Vendi Barri whakaahuatia nehenehe āhua takawaenga i waenganui i moe, me te kia mataara.

Te nuinga o nga mahi mātātoa o te hunga tautohe e wahi i roto i Neverland - i runga i te motu whakaharahara ki e kia tae ngā tamariki anake i te tikanga o te whakaaro, a ka he te reira i te māmā ki te whakahaere i roto i te wā poto i waenga i moe, me te oho.

Ko te hunga whakapakoko rerekē i te kohatu e tatou i runga i te mata o te moe, e mohiotia nei rite "moemoea hypnagogic", a ko ratou te hua o te ara koi i roto i te mahi i roto i ngā rohe roro kawenga mo te mātakitaki o te raraunga riro i nga whekau tairongo. Nuinga o ngā wā, he ataata enei whakaahua, engari ka taea e kia tūturu, me te māna.

Barry ia kua tukua pāpāngia hiamoe - te āhua kia mataara, haere mai tonu i muri i te moe, i roto i nei, Heoi, iwi e taea kore neke mo te ia. maha Barry whakaahuatia kino, aroaro fakafe'ātungia ta'ota'o papatipu āhua kore.

tukanga whakaaro Matatini

I roto i te ao pūtaiao, mahi Barry to'utangata i roto i tetahi o te wā tino wero, me te whakaongaonga o te tautohetohe: he aha te mea rerekētanga i waenganui i te ngakau o te tangata i te ngakau kararehe? He aha te huru o to tatou feruriraa whakanohoia tatou i runga i runga o te kukuwhatanga, me pehea kua whakawhanakehia enei āhuatanga?

Ehara i Koinei, kitea enei take e i roto i te mōrearea o Pita Pan.

ngana Barry ki te whakahoki e taea enei pātai e kitea i roto i te pūrākau i roto i 1906, "a Pita Pan i Kensington Gardens", e whakaahua ana i te ora o Pita, i mua tutaki ia Wendy.

He e whakaurua tatou ki te huru o Horomona - he raweni rerekē tupato. Rerekē te tahi atu kararehe, taea Horomona ki te whakamahere mo te heke mai, zagotavlivaya putea o te oranga - nati, kongakonga me parāoa o taro, he ahua o "ra ua". Ko te tukanga hinengaro tika uaua tenei, no te mea e titau te reira i te tāpaetanga o tauari waitara, nekehia i te hakari.

mārama e taea te kite i te rerekētanga i waenganui i a Horomona, me te tahi atu manu i te kau ina ui Pita ia ki te āwhina i hanga i te kaipuke e taea rere puta noa i te moana. Horomona hohoro kite e taea te whakamahi i te kaipuke rite te mokamoka, pania ana ki te uku, kia e kore e turuturu i te reira wai. E puputu'u Ētahi manu: e kore e taea e ratou whakaaro he taua whakamahi rerekē o te kohanga.

Iwi me te kararehe

Ko te kupu, e kite tatou e te kaha ki te whakaaro e pā ana ki te heke mai te haafaufaa i to tatou whanonga, taea tatou ki te waiho atu auaha, me te ngāwari ki te urutau hohoro ki tūkunga hou.

I roto i tenei kaha mo te wa roa i pēnei anake ki te iwi i whakapono ai e ara te tamariki he ngaro ia. Heoi, i roto i te rangahau tata kua kitea i te reira e e tuhia enei aravihi i roto i te tahi mau kararehe - makimaki, me, piro nui, te mau melo o te puninga Corvus, e ko, te raweni.

Kia ano, i mua o to ratou wa whakaaro a Barry.

hinengaro o te tamaiti

Ko tētahi atu ngā meka ko e te tamaiti nei te pake ki nuu i runga, a Pita ko mātātoa te whawhai ki te pūkenga, me ngā āheinga o te roro e wehewehe pakeke.

Ko reira tata rawa ta'emanavahē me māia i roto i te meka i te mate - ko tetahi mōrearea. Ko te kare i whakakitea e ia, he tino māmā, engari wehi, rawa te wehi o te heke mai unknown - ko te kare matatini, e titau te whakapaunga nui o te pūngao, me te whai wāhi o rerekē rohe roro.

I tua atu, he uaua Pita ki matau e ko te tino rerekē i tona ake wāhi o tētahi atu o te tirohanga, me te kore e he. enei pūkenga katoa me ngā tukanga whakaaro e pā ana ki a ratou, i reira he iwi i roto i te tukanga o te tipu ake, a no te mea kore Pita ki te tupu ake, i tangohia e ia o etahi "pakeke" pūkenga.