He aha te mea te taumata o te whakatere me tona whanaketanga hou

Pehea e taea te whakatere i te wāhi? Ko te whakahoki ki tenei pātai homai he pūtaiao, e kiia nei ko navigation. He aha te mea whakatere, me aha e ona āhuatanga? Hea ki te whakamahi i? He aha ngā momo me ngā pūnaha whakatere te tīariari?

He aha te mea navigation?

Ka rite ki te talateu ki te matua e mea he kupu. I te tīmatanga, i raro i nga āhuatanga whakaterenga matau o te whakahaere kaipuke ki te tiki i te pūwāhi A ki te tohu B. Otiia i roto i te rau tau 20, i roto i te whakaterenga nui o te ahunga whakamua pūtaiao, me te hangarau, ngā hou o te rangi, me te wāhi kaipuke, waka mātanga, e taea hinga i te rau me te mano kiromita. I roto i tenei whakaaro, tikanga hou o te kupu. He aha te mea te whakatere i roto i te tikanga hou? He aha tohu reira?

Na whakatere - ko te whakahaere o te tetahi ahanoa, e kua ona ake tikanga o waka i roto i te ngā taunga pūnaha. Kei a ia ko e rua nga wahi:

1. tika ariā tikanga ngā hāngai mō te whakahaere taonga.
2. Tīpakonga o te ara tino pai o te kaupapa i roto i te wāhi, kia ararere i te pūwāhi A tohu B.

whakaterenga momo

Ahakoa ki te haerenga mai o ngā huānga hou kihai i roa inaianei whakatere he mīharo te momo. I te kau, he rongonui 11 momo:

1. Automotive navigation. whakamahia ana tēnei hangarau te ki te tātai i te huarahi tino pai mō te waka whenua i runga i rori ngā tika ki te aroaro o ataata, me te pea akiaki reo. Ka rite ki te taputapu, he mahere automotive motuhake. Kia reira mōhiohio wā e pā ana ki te waka (i roto i te tauira technique pai, pērā i te reo irirangi ki te whakaterenga). Otiia ka ko reira tika hoki ki te hono ki tetahi mahi e kohikohi taua raraunga.
2. navigation Tiretiera. Ko te tikanga mō te haamauraa i te wāhi o te waka rererangi, me te oko, e hāngai ana nei i runga i te marama i te tukunga irirangi o te tinana te rangi ranei.
3. whakaterenga Animal. Na ko te kaha o te kararehe ki te tīpako i te aronga e hiahiatia ana o kaupapa, ka hanga heke kaupeka.
4. whakaterenga Air. I raro i ia matau e pā ana ki te pūtaiao tono tika, pono, me te haumaru taraiwa i roto i te rangi i te whānui o te waka rererangi momo. Ko te pūnaha whakatere i roto i tenei take, ko te pūnaha taputapu uaua, me te rorohiko ki nei te ongoi e raraunga waho mahi (āmiorangi me pūihi).
5. Inertial navigation. He tikanga e taea ki te whakatau i ngā tawhā ka faaau o te ahanoa kahore whai wāhi o ngā tohu o waho tohu ranei.
6. whakaterenga Information. Ko te tukanga whakawhiti o te tangata arorau itehia raraunga.
7. whakaterenga Space. mana Motion o te rererangi i roto i te wāhi.
8. Marine navigation. Whakamahia mō te whakatere i roto i rerekē tinana wai.
9. navigation irirangi. Kei te whai whakaaro te reira i ngā āhuatanga ariā me ngā āhuatanga o ngā mahi e hāngai ana ki te peia te rererangi me oko te whakamahi i ngā pūrere ahokore me te tikanga.
10. whakaterenga Amiorangi. He ūnga rongonui i roto i te taupori. whai wāhi te reira i te whakamahi o te whakatere amiorangi ki te whakatau i tona wāhi ake, me te hiahia ki te neke i roto i te aronga ngā.
11. Raro navigation. whai wāhi te reira i te whakamahi o ngā taputapu e e hiahiatia ana ki te whakatau i te wāhi me te ahunga o te kaupapa o motuhake complexes kauhanga raro raro.

Ngā momo o ngā pūnaha whakatere

I tua atu ki te navigations ohie rerekētanga wehewehe atu ngā pūnaha whakatere - ngā tikanga hiko motuhake, e kua tāuta i runga i kaipuke poari waka ranei ki te tātai i te ara pai o te kaupapa:

1. pūnaha whakaterenga Aircraft.
2. pūnaha whakaterenga Car.
3. pūnaha navigation Maritime.

whakaterenga Car

A i roto i te mutunga ka korero reira he iti e pā ana ki te kaupapa o ngā tuhinga i roto i te tauira o te whakamahi pai-mohiotia. Ka rite ki kia he huarahi tohu te rorohiko iti kawe e haere anake ranei hei wāhanga o tētahi atu toi (tauira he navigation motokā).

Ko te tikanga o te mahi ko te rite whai: whakapumautia he hononga kei ki te pee'utari, e whakaritea wāhi o te waka, me ona wāhi i runga i te mahere. Na ka tatau i te ara poto kei te ka whakaaturia i runga i te mata. Heoi, e rapu enei huarahi i te nui āhua nui o te pūngao hiko (hei tauira, te reo irirangi ki te whakatere). Na reira ko te reira e tika ana i nga wa katoa ki te pupuri i te pūhiko motokā (pūhiko) ki tiaki tiketike. Na te pātai, ko te, he aha te whakatere kore e noho.