He aha te mea te pi tau, me te mea ko tona hītori

Ko tētahi o te ngaro te nuinga o tau mohiotia ki te tangata, o te akoranga, ko te tau Π (tai'o - pi). I roto i te taurangi, whakaata tenei maha te uara o te ōwehenga o te paenga me tona diameter. I mua, ka karanga i tenei moni i te tau ludolfovym. Kia pehea te a te wahi i te wehea te maha e kore Pi mohiotia hoki etahi, engari pāngarau ki 3 ngā wāhanga o te hītori katoa o te pi tau, te tau tahito, puāwaitanga me te mamati o rorohiko.

Ko te maha o te P - he noatia, e ko, e kore e taea te māngai reira rite te hautanga ohie, te wahi te taurunga me te tauraro he tau tōpu. Na reira, kua he maha taua he wā kahore katinga. Hoki te wā tuatahi i whakamatauria te horihori o P I. Lambert i 1761.

I tua atu ki tenei taonga, ko te maha o P kore e taea e ara he pakiaka o te pūrau, a pera ko te maha o transcendental. Tenei taonga, ka i whakamatauria ai i roto i 1882, ka mutu ano ki te tautohe pāngarau tata toputapu "o squaring te porowhita", i roa hoki 2500 tau.

Kei te mohiotia te reira e te tuatahi ki te whakauru i te ti'araa o te maha o Ingarangi Jones i roto i 1706. Kia reira ko nga mahi a Hēura, te whakamahi o taua ti'araa ka whakaaetia te tikanga.

Hei tino matau ki ta te tau Pi, e ti'a ia tatou e mea ai i tona whakamahi ko pera whānui e ko reira uaua noa ki te whakaingoa i te manga o te pūtaiao i roto i nei ki te mahi i waho o reira. Ko tētahi o te kuware tino me waia noa i ngā uara kura o te hōtaka - ko te ti'araa o te wā āhuahanga. He tamau me te rite ki te 3 te ōwehenga o te roa o te porohita ki tona diameter, te uara o te 14. Kua mohiotia te reira mai mathematicians onamata i roto i India, Greece, Papurona, i Ihipa. Ko te kōwhiringa tuatahi tātai i te ōwehenga e pā ana ki te 1900 BC. e. More āwhiwhiwhi ki te uara o nāianei o P tātai te aivanaa Hainamana Lyu Huey, i roto i te tua, whakaaro ana ia me te ara nohopuku te tātai taua. Kua noho tona uara te paerewa hoki fatata e 900 tau.

I tohua te wā puāwaitanga o te pāngarau e te meka e ki te whakatau i rite te mea i te tau Pi, timata pūtaiao ki te whakamahi i te tikanga o te tātari pāngarau. I roto i te mathematician Indian 1400 whakamahia Madhava ki te tātai i te ariā o te raupapa, me te whakatau ki runga ki te 11 mati te maha wā P i muri i te ira. Ko te tuatahi Pākehā i muri Archimedes, e whakawakia i te maha o P me kua meinga he wāhi nui ki tona tika, ko te Tatimana Ludolf van Zeil, i tāutuhia neke atu i te 15 mati i muri i te ira, a i roto i te e pai tuhituhia he kupu rawa whakangahau: ". ... e hiahia - ka kia haere ki runga ki a ia" Ko reira i roto i te honore o te pūtaiao, te maha o P me kua riro te tuatahi, me te anake i roto i te aamu o te ingoa o lau peé.

kawea Rorohiko era kōrero hou i roto i te māramatanga o te āhua o P. Hei tauira, ki te kitea i roto i te mea te tau Pi, i 1949, i whakamahia te tuatahi ENIAC rorohiko, tetahi o nga ngā o i ko te heke mai "papa" o te ariā o rorohiko hou J. Von Neumann. kawea te inenga tuatahi i roto i hoki 70 haora, a hoatu 2037 tau i muri i te ira i roto i te wā o P. tohu o tetahi miriona tohu i tutuki i roto i te 1973. I tua atu, whakaturia i roto i tenei wā i me ētahi atu tātai, e whakaata ana i te tau P. Hei tauira, teina Chudnovskii kitea te tetahi i whakaaetia ki te tātai 1.011.196.691 mati wā.

I roto i te whānui, kia tuhia te reira e i roto i te tikanga ki te whakahoki i te pātai: "He aha te te tau Pi", ka anga maha rangahau ki rite te whakataetae. I teie mahana, Kei te kua supercomputers pā ana ki te take, he aha e te reira tino pi. meka ngā pā ana ki enei akoranga, tomo tata te hītori katoa o te pāngarau.

I teie mahana, no te tauira, kei te tū whakataetae ao i roto i te tamau aau i te tau n me te pūkete ao whakaritea, te whakamutunga puritia e te Hainamana Liu Chao, he ra ki te iti, karanga 67 890 pūāhua. I roto i te ao i reira he ara he hakari o P, whakanuia nei i runga i Maehe 14 rite "Day Pi".

E ai ki te raraunga mō te 2011 te tāuta kē 10 trillion mati o te wā.