He aha te kino penapena pūtea

Aita i maoro a'e, ki to tatou piiraa pokapū auau ki te pātai, he aha e whakaora te pūtea nui, te whakamahi i te pūnaha ähua tūmatanui i te tikanga o horo'a utu - pai, he pono tenei?

Ae, pono, i roto i te mōhiohio uru tuwhera i huaina tau ki te tikanga ngā kore kaimiriona (8-9 Patāriana. He tau) penapena ka whakamahi i te tikanga hoko hiko o te utu tuku i runga i tukupu i te utu o te pūnaha [1]. A e kore e taea tenei engari whakaohokia koa o te iwi, me te whakapehapeha mo te uiui taua "penapena".

Kia whakamahi o te taputapu whakahaere kounga, ka mahi ki te ngako pātai. Ko te tukanga konei hoki i rite whai. ngā mema o te Active o mahi pāpori, te hanga uara tāpiri, ua faaite te ōrite moni. Ko te hiahia i roto i tenei mahi katoa o te hapori, engari mārama e ko te reira e tika ana ano hoki ki te pūtea ngā hōtaka pāpori (mātauranga, hauora) me utu kawenga (hōia, pirihimana, kaimahi kino). hanga te whakatau te ki te unu i i te mahi o te tohanga tūmatanui o te pūtea i roto i te puka o takoha, karanga reira te takotoranga kāwanatanga. Whakaako i te mau melo o te hapori, tetahi e kore pukumahi te hanga i o uara, reallocate te taonga kāwanatanga i roto i te runga ki whakaaro tūmatanui, tangohia i runga i te pānui tuatahi, i whiriwhiri māngai foaki o te hapori. Ka whakamahia ēnei moni i roto i te rua ngā tohutohu. Tuatahi, ki te hunga i te mau melo o te hapori e kore e nei te hanga taonga (pāpori, wairua, pāpori, me ētahi atu.) Na reira haere hoki ki te mahi whakahaere o te kamupene. Tuarua, ki te wahi e kore te hoki e tūmanakohia ana (i te pupuhi ngā hōia, "whakawhiti" ki ētahi atu whenua, me etahi atu.). Ko reira mārama e ōhanga o te hapori ko te tino nui hiahia ki pūtea waitara rite hohoro rite taea hoki ki te tohanga (hanga moni moni). Ki tenei i roto i te whakaaro, i to tatou utua "redistributors" whakapuaki tauhokohoko hiko o taonga me ngā ratonga. He kuware te pūnaha - ko wai e hoatu he utu o raro, ka riro ia te tikanga. hanga tatou i te "kitea" - uara o te hua (taonga me ngā ratonga) takoto te e te huinga o ratou ohanga āhuatanga reira kounga o te mahi, me te pai e hiahiatia ana. Na reira, ki te maturuturu koutou i raro i te paepae o te hua he kounga (o te hua rite taea ki te hoatu ki runga), ka riro ia koe "te utu iti rawa - te kounga iti". Ko te kupu, te whakamahi i te hoa Pareto tikanga, whiwhi tatou 80% o te raupapa kāwanatanga - he hua hapa, 19,85% - pea e manakohia, me te 0.15% kāwanatanga ora moni pūtea. Mā te whakamahi i te whika o te State Budget o te Republic o katatānga [2], enei ōrau iriti i roto i tenge:

- tata mākete ähua tūmatanui te i 5423 piriona.

- hokona hua iti-te kounga - 4338 piriona.

- rawa taramore - 8 piriona.

E ai ki "Kazinform" [3], GDP o Kazakhstan i roto i 2011 moni ki 27 306 piriona. Huri i te reira i roto i 15% o to tatou pai-te "redistributors" e whakamahia inefficiently. Ki te koa tatou i roto i te tupu GDP ā-tau o 7.5%, ko reira mārama e te ahua o te 15% ko te kino.

He he kotahi atu mita. I roto i te meka, hoko i te pūnaha, i te faahitiraa iti hāngai ki tetahi o te hōtaka kāwanatanga o te kāwanatanga Awherika. Ko tōna ngako ko e taea te tono i tetahi wahine kotahi ki te tinana kāwanatanga i runga i te kōwhiringa o te tane. whakaaro nui, engari kotahi arai iti - tuatahi ka kite ia i roto i te moenga te faaipoiporaa ki te rēhita o te ringa me te kore oti o kōwhiringa i roto i te toenga o tona ora tana tane. Na konei, "ohorere" o te pūnaha taua o ngā hua pai rawa kaiwhakarato takahi ana i te parau tumu matua o te whakahaere kounga - te kōwhiringa o te kiritaki. Ka rite ki te "redistributor" kore e taea e iho tīpako i te kaihoko, a te mutunga kore te kawenga mō te kounga o te hua hokona hoki te moni a te iwi.

Ko te tautohe matua o te "matua" hoko State o taua pūnaha, ko reira o te akoranga te whawhai ki te pirau. I tenei kaupapa, i ahau i te tuhinga motuhake, i tuhituhi ahau i muri i te haapiiraa i te pakanga mutunga o pi ki te honi. Ko o te akoranga, i roto i te anga o tenei whakaputanga, me mohio te reira e e rua ngā pātai rawa te kōtuitui enei.

Heoi, tamata tatou ki te whakarāpopoto i to tatou whakaaroaro ana.

1. O te akoranga, kia hanga te tukanga o te ähua tūmatanui i runga i te pūtake o te mau parau tumu e waru whakahaere kounga. Tīpakohia te kiritaki, me tenei, i te ara, te kamupene me te kore te pononga tūmatanui. Tautuhia te whakatangatatanga mārama o te kawenga o ngā kaiwhakahaere me ngā tohunga whai wāhi i roto i te hoko, a kore whakawhirinaki i runga i te pūmanawa, me te taputapu rorohiko.
2. Mahi i runga i ngā whāinga motuhake. A, no te whakatau koe mo te "mihini", arata'i te reira ki te kinonga o te tangata kia rite ki te tangata. Ki te mea kua tukua koutou kamupene ki te whakahaere i ona rauemi, ka me kia feunga tiketike koutou kaiwhakahaere tūmatanui taumata. Me whakangungu i roto i te taputapu whakahaere hou, me te Māoritanga kounga tiketike rawa o te pononga ā.
3. Raina ake nga tohu mahi matua o te tukanga o te whakamahi i te pūtea kāwanatanga, i te mea iho wahi anake o te tukanga hoko. Ehara i te mea e tika ana ki te mahi nui-tauine tau pūmau, tika korero pehea riro nui moni kotahi tenge haumi.
4. Penapena overruns o Finance ranei, e kore te mea tenei tohu whakamahere pai me te whakahaere whakahaere. Kua kua kotahi ite matou i te pepeha "mahere-tau e rima i roto i te tau e toru" - e matau ana tatou pehea mutu te reira. mārama anake ture mana macroeconomic!
5. E ti'a ia tatou urupare pakeke ki te whakahaere i te "tonutanga" o te tukanga o te ähua tūmatanui, me te whakatinanatanga pūtea whai hua i runga i te pūtake o te aroturuki me te arotake tūmatanui. Whaiaro-whakamātautau me te whaiaro flagellation-kua roa kua kï ki te kia hapa. whakamahi hāngai o ratou ope pūtea me te whakahaere i ahau, i roto i to tatou take me waiho tenei ope hapori.

Kua roa kua whakaakona matou pehea ki te ora, engari e kore e whakaako pehea ki te whakahaere i to ratou oraraa. Kia tamata o.

AV Bandura

aviso@aviso.kz

Tohutoro:

1. Tatiana Batishcheva, kairīpoata pūtea. (http://www.forbes.kz/blogs/blogsid_49/
2. kāwanatanga hiko o te Republic o katatānga. Ko te pūtea āhua o te Republic o katatānga i runga i Hānuere 1, 2012.
3. Kazinform. Meyrambek Baigarin (http://inform.kz/rus/article/2441319)