TPP: e kore he hāngai wetewaehere

Pea ia o tatou nui atu i te kotahi i rongo te parau: Kostroma GRES, GRES Zaporizhia, Konakovo GRES me te rota o te tahi atu pa me ingoa kainga (a tae noa whenua katoa), me ki pukapuka GRES. Ko te tikanga o enei reta (acronyms), e tohu ana etahi ahua o te parau ko: State mana rohe teihana (GRES). teihana o te ao rawa tuatahi mana hurihiko, ko "Power Tuku", hanga i roto i te wahi o waho ake o Moscow i te tau 1912 - 1914 tau. whakawhanakehia e ia te kaupapa, me te mātakitaki i te hanganga o te mataaro Russian R.E.Klasson. Kua mahi te tipu te mana i runga i wahie rohe - Peat. A i reira he kaha o te 15 MW. whakarato te reira i te hiko ki te tipu hiahia o Moscow me ngā wāhi tata.

Na roto i te mutunga o te rau tau rua tekau, ngaro te wā TPP tuhinga "takiwa", me i te tīmatanga o nga 2000, me te "āhua" wahi, no te mea kaha tipu mana waiariki kihai i mahi ki te rohe, me te rohe whakahaere katoa, me te ara te whenua katoa motuhake. Hei tauira, tata katoa o Estonia whakarato hiko ki te rua tipu kaha - Pribaltijskaya (1.654 GW) me Estonia - 1.6 GW. I roto i tetahi GRES Lithuania (Lithuania - 1.8 GW) whakarato hoki nui o te whenua kia hiahia te mana motuhake. Kua whakahaeretia e te Russian Federation neke atu i te 250 ngā tipu mana waiariki (teihana mana te nuinga hurihiko me teihana mana ngāwhā), tata katoa o ratou i hanga i roto i te wā Soviet. "State" o te wā kua riro i roto i te maha ngā take, tūmataiti kaipupuri ranei.

I teie mahana, te wā GRES, deciphering i te mea ngā maumau, kua rite kua whakakitea i mua, i te kupu "State District" e whakakapi tino maha e te wā whakaahuatanga mahi o "te tōtā." Ara - "tipu te tōtā te" (IES). Te TPP tuhinga wā kua ngaro nei tona tikanga, whakamahia e tūpuku hinengaro peu ranei.

Ētahi o ēnei tipu - teihana mana hurihiko, ranei, atu ïa, te IES ngā Serov ko Yekaterinburg i roto i te rohe (i roto i te pa o Serov) me Ryazan (rohe Ryazan o te taua ingoa, i roto i te kainga o Novomichurinsk).

hoatu Serov GRES ki mahi i roto i te 1954, me te kua he katoa kaha o 538 MW. Ano, whakamahia wera i roto i te raupapa o tona kaha waiariki i roto i te nui o 220 Gcal / h. Power Sos'va kei tata te awa i nei e te reira, me te wai mo ratou mahi. Fuel whakamahia e rua ngā momo: matua - waro i katatānga (Ekibastuzsky waro poka wai) me te Russian hau Natural (rite te wahie tārua).

I roto i te 2010, ua faaoti matou ki te whakapai ake i te Serov GRES - ki te hanga kaha te mana hou 419,5 MW. ka tenei kōwae e ngā huringa, te kaihanga - te kamupene "Siemens" (Germany). Nā ki te ngā hangarau tōtika wae huringa ka whakatika ki te 58% neke atu rānei. Kei te whakaritea Tīmata i te wahi hou mō te 2014.

Ryazan GRES - waiariki kaha hoahoa te tōtā te mana te tipu o 3600 MW. Ko tētahi o nga otaota te mana nui rawa i roto i te USSR. e kore ko tona ingoa i te pa tata, a i roto i te pokapū rohe. teihana Power i roto i te wa Soviet i 2 650 MW me mo te whakawera hoatu reira 180 Gcal / h. I roto i ngā wā Soviet, ngā wae e wha o 300 MW me e toru 800 MW i roto i te kaupapa hanga. wae e wha o 300 MW me rua 800 MW i hanga. Ko te wahie whakamahia - Moscow waro me te hinu wahie. Ia rua tumera i roto i te ao, tae atu korere ultrahigh (o ratou teitei - 320 m). I muri mai te tāpiri ki te wahie hau māori. I roto i nga tau tata nei, kua ake te teihana mahi (wae hau mīhini huri hiko eke ki te generator hiko), a nui haere ona kaha ki te 3200 MW.