Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin: He Haurongo me mahi

Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin, tona haurongo kua hoatu i raro nei, - punake, translator, kaitito me ... Kawana. Tau o tona ora - 1743-1816. I muri te pānui i tēnei tuhinga, ka ako koe e pā ana ki katoa enei āhuatanga o te mahi a te tenei tangata maha-pūmanawa rite Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin. Ka tona haurongo kia kō atu me te maha atu meka ngā.

takenga

whanau Gavriil Romanovich i ki Kazan i 1743. Here i roto i te kainga Karmachi ko te whenua o tona utuafare te utuafare. haere te reira i tona tamarikitanga te rohipehe heke mai. kihai i whai taonga, te utuafare rangatira Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich te utuafare. ngaro Gavriil Romanovich tona papa, Nikolaevich Roma, e mahi rite te nui. Tona whaea ko Andreevna Thekla (nee - Kozlov). Te mea faahiahia, te Derzhavin ko te uri Bagrima, Tatar rangatira, nei i panaia i te Horde nui i roto i te rau tau 15.

Mātauranga i roto i te kura nui, mahi i roto i te ropu

I te 1757 ka tomo ia ki te whare hākinakina Kazan Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin. Ko kē tana haurongo i tenei wa tohua e te ngakau nui, me te matewai mo te matauranga. Ko ia he ākonga pai, engari i taea ki te whakaoti i te whakangungu. Ko te take i roto i Hui-tanguru 1762 i karangatia te pehe heke mai ki St Petersburg. Kua tautuhia te reira i roto i te Faahuru-Akuhata. timata Derzhavin mahi hei hoia noa. puritia ia i roto i te 10 tau i tona wiki, me mai 1772 mahi ia hei āpiha. Kei te mohiotia te reira i e Derzhavin i 1773-74 tau. ka mau ia wahi i roto i pehi i te tutu o Pugachev, me te i roto i te tukipoto whare, i roto i nei Catherine II kake te torona.

rongo pāpori me te tuhituhi

rongo Social me tuhituhi ki a Gavriil Romanovich haere mai i roto i te 1782. I reira whakaputaina te reira i tona ode rongonui "Felitsa" whakamoemiti ana te Empress. Derzhavin, wera i te natura, maha hoki o ratou taikaha i fifi i roto i te ora. I tua atu, i kitea ai te kiriweti me ngakau nui ki te mahi e kore e he mai, tonu.

ka Derzhavin kawana o Olonets kawanatanga

Na roto i te ture o te Empress i roto i 1773 Olonets kawanatanga i hanga. Tuhinga reira o tetahi mataeinaa me rua rohe. I te 1776 i hanga e Novgorod käwanatanga, i ngā o rua ngā wāhi - Olonetsk me Novgorod. Ko te kawana tuatahi o Olonets ka Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin. Tona haurongo i roto i te tau ki te haere mai kia e pā ana ki ngā mahi whakahaere i roto i tenei tūranga haepapa. Ia i raro i te ture haamau te tino whānui o ngā kawenga whānui. a Gavriil Romanovich ki mataara pehea e whakaūtia ture, me te whanonga o te toenga o te rangatira. Hoki Derzhavin, Heoi, ehara i te mea uaua rawa. whakapono ia e anake hononga Kamupiri o ia ki te mahi me te hanganga ture rangatira whakawhirinaki mau mai i te tikanga ki te marae me te kāwanatanga ā-rohe.

Subordinated pūtahi i roto i te marama i muri i nga mohio o te meka e tangata katoa i roto i te mahi o te kāwanatanga, me te ofatiraa i te ture e tino whiua, ki runga ki te fakamasiva o te ana'iraa wahi ranei te whenua kawanatanga. Ta'etuku e ngana ana ki te whakahoki kia i roto i tona kawanatanga Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich. Tau o tona ora i tenei wa tohua e te whawhai ki te pirau. Heoi, arahina tenei anake ki pakanga me peapea ki te whiriwhiri.

Tuhinga i roto i Tambov kawanatanga

Catherine II i Hakihea 1785 whakaputaina he tikanga i runga i te whakarite ki te pou o te kawana o Derzhavin inaianei Tambov kawanatanga. tae ia ki reira 4 i runga i Maehe 1786 tau.

I roto i Tambov kawanatanga kitea Gavriil Romanovich e noho tōroherohe ana oti. ke wha vahe mo te 6 tau o tona oraraa. I roto i te wā ko te maua, e kore nei te reira i tautuhia rohe kawanatanga. tae rahi nui nama. Ua ite whāia te kore o te mātauranga o te hapori rite te katoa, a rawa te rangatira.

whakatuwheratia Gavriil Romanovich mō taitamariki tauhanga akomanga, wetereo, āhuahanga, waiata me te kanikani. hoatu Theological Seminary me Garrison kura he matauranga rawa rawakore. faaoti Kapariera Derzhavin ki te whakatuwhera i te whare o Hona Borodin, he kaihokohoko rohe, kura tūmatanui. mahi tapere i hoatu i roto i te whare o te kawana, a hohoro timata ki te hanga i te whare tapere. Na nui mo te kawanatanga o Tambov Derzhavin hanga, e kore matou e whakarārangi i te reira katoa. Kua whakatakotoria tona mahi te turanga mo te whanaketanga o te rohe.

ka haere mai Huitoofa e Naryshkin ko Vorontsov ki te arotake i te āhuatanga i roto i te kawanatanga Tambov. Ko E rite kitea te whakapai ake e Derzhavin i Mahuru 1787 i whakawhiwhia he tohu hōnore - te Order o Vladimir o te toru o nga tohu.

Ka rite ki i tonoa atu e ia Derzhavin

Heoi, mahi ahu whakamua Gavriil Romanovich i tari fehangahangai ki te ngākau nuitanga o te rangatira rohe me te kaipupuri whenua. I tua atu, IV ka Gudovich, te kawana-whānui, i roto i te pakanga katoa i runga i te tata taha i hipoki, i roto i tahuri, i te pupirikana rohe me tahae.

whakamātau Derzhavin ki whiua Dulova, te kaiwhakarëti, e whakahau ki te whiua hoki pastushonka hara iti. Heoi, i taka tenei whakamātau, me te mauahara ki te kawana i te kaipupuri whenua porowini whakakaha. Whakamatauria mahi horihori me Gavriil Romanovich ki te aukati i te tahae o te kaihokohoko rohe Borodin, nei takiwhatia te takotoranga moni, tuku pereki hanga, a ka i runga i ngā āhuatanga kino mo te kāwanatanga ka he ahuwhenua waina.

nui haere te ngautuara katoa rere o amuamu, pūrongo i runga i Derzhavin. I roto i te Hānuere 1789 i tonoa atu e ia i tona pou. Nui painga te kawanatanga kawea tona mahi poto.

Hoki ki te whakapaipai, ngā mahi whakahaere

I roto i te taua tau hoki Derzhavin ki te pane. Kua puritia e ia ngā tūranga whakahaere konei. I te wa ano, tonu Gavriil Romanovich ki ngā i roto i te tuhinga, te hanga odes (atu e pā ana ki tona mahi, ka kōrero tatou e pā ana ki i muri).

whakaritea Derzhavin i kaitiaki kāwanatanga i raro i Paora I. Heoi, i kore whiwhi ia me tenei rangatira, no te mea o te peu, i hanga i tona, Gavriil Romanovich i roto i to ratou pūrongo maha oati me te ware. Alexander ahau, ko wai i muri hoki a Paora kihai i waiho kahore whakarongo Derzhavin, hanga ia te Minita o te Ture. Ko te tau i muri mai ka tukua atu te rohi pehe i te mea i mahi ia "itoito rawa." I te tau 1809, i tonoa Gavriil Romanovich i pou whakahaere katoa kua ngā kōrero.

auaha Derzhavina

rotarota Russian ki Gavriil Romanovich i tika tikanga. Derzhavin nui whakawhānui tona kaupapa. Na i reira nga he momo o mahi o rotarota, i te ode nui ki waiata ohie. He hoki puta lyrics tuatahi o te iwi ahua o te kaituhi, e ko, te tuakiri o te rohi pehe. whakapono Derzhavin e tika i ki kia tiketike e hāngai ana i runga i te pono o te toi. Ka taea e te whakamārama anake te reira i te rohi pehe. I roto i tenei take, ka taea e koe kia te ia peehia o āhua anake i te mea e taea ki te whakatata te māramatanga o te ao, ki te whakatika i te morare o te iwi, me te ki ratou ako. whakaaro Derzhavin nga iho o Sumarokov me Lomonosov. whakawhanakehia e ia tona mahi i roto i te iho o te Classicism Russian.

Whāinga mo te rohi pehe Derzhavin - whakahē kino mahi me te whakamoemiti nui. Hei tauira, i roto i te ode whai kororia "Felitsa" Gavriil Romanovich arikitanga marama i roto i te tangata o Catherine II. Ko te ataahua, mahara Empress whakatauritea i roto i tenei mahi rangatira marae siokita, me te apo.

Tona taranata i runga i tona Derzhavin rotarota tirohia rite te mea i homai ki neke atu i te ki te riro i te whawhai tōrangapū te rohipehe. Gavriil Romanovich noa i "kī" ki ana mahi - kōrero taipitopito, ta nei te mea arahina ngā ki te putanga o tetahi atu o ratou ranei.

He Zvanka me te rōrahi tuatahi o nga mahi

Derzhavin i 1797 ka hokona e te whenua Zvanka, a puritia ana e ia mo te maha o nga marama i ia tau. Kua i roto i te tau i muri mai ka puta te reira i te rōrahi tuatahi o nga mahi o Gavriil Romanovich. Kei roto te reira i rotarota, tahuti ore tona ingoa: ". I te mate o Prince Meshchersky" "I te whanautanga o te porfirorodnogo tamaiti" ode "I te hopu o Ihimaera", "te Atua", "wairere", "grandee", "Bullfinch".

Drama Derzhavina whai wāhi i roto i te porohita tuhituhi

Ki runga ki tona whakatānga, kua oti rawa tata katoa ia tona whakaari ora Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich. hono tona auahatanga i roto i tenei aronga e ki te hanga o te maha librettos opera, me mau ati e whai ake nei:. "Ko e Dark," "Eupraxia", "a Herora, me Mariamne" Mai 1807 ka mau te rohi pehe he wahi kaha i roto i te porohita tuhituhi o ngā mahi i nei i hanga i muri te hapori, te tiki atu rongo. I huaina te reira "aroha o te Russian Kupu". I roto i tona mahi "Discourse i runga i te rotarota lyric te ode ranei" whakarapopototia ake tona wheako tuhituhi Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich. Creativity reira kaha te awe te whanaketanga o toi reo i roto i to tatou whenua. i arahina e ia maha kaitito.

Derzhavin mate me o ana kōiwi te whakarau

Na, ka korerotia e matou ki a koutou e pā ana ki tenei tangata nui rite Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin. Biography, ngā meka e pā ana ki reira, te tuku iho auaha - i taupokina ai a reira katoa i roto i tenei tuhinga. tonu te reira anake ki te korero ki e pā ana ki te mate o Derzhavin me e pā ana ki o ana toenga, kihai i nei ngāwari te whakarau. ka anake e taea e tatou e amo i te aroaro haurongo tonu Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich, ahakoa whakaraupapahia poto.

mate Derzhavin i roto i tona wahi Zvanka i 1816. I tonoa e te kāwhena ki tona tinana ki te Volkhov i te Waka Papa. Kua kitea e te rohi pehe tona okiokinga whakamutunga i roto i te Faahuru-Tapu Cathedral tata Veliky Novgorod. Kei tēnei karakia i runga i te rohe Varlaamo-Khutyn ohu whakapono. Here i tanumia ia, me tana wahine Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich, Darya Alekseevna.

whakangaromia te ohu i roto i te Pakanga nui Patriotic. tukua hoki Tomb Derzhavin. ka mau āta tanu ai Gavriil Romanovich me Darya Alekseevna wahi i roto i te 1959. i whakawhitia ratou ki Novgorod Kremlin. I roto i te hononga ki te huritau 250th o Derzhavin i 1993 i hoki mai nga toenga o te pehe ki Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery.

I roto i te kura he kahore aituā, me ki i tenei ra i reira e he rohi pehe pērā i Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich. Haurongo a mahi he mea nui i te toi e kore anake, engari ano hoki ki te mata mātauranga o te tirohanga. I muri i te katoa, te pono kauwhau e Derzhavin, tonu.