Euphemisms: tauira. Euphemisms i roto i te kupu Russian hou

Ko te kupu "peha" mai i te matatini wā Kariki, arā, o ngā kupu e rua: "pai", me te "korero". Ko reira stylistically kīanga kūpapa ariā ranei whakamahia e tatou hei utu o te kōwae reo, e he longo, e te mea ware, maioha kore whakarihariha i ranei tukuoro. Euphemisms, tauira o nei tatou tapaea i tenei tuhinga, maha huna kanohi te mauri o te tītohunga, hipokina reira, hei tauira: te whakamahi hei utu o "mate" - "mate" hei utu o "takoto" - "korero te pono", te whakakapinga o te parau "te hua utu," "utu kāwanatanga" . Ka taea e tatou te mea e pā ana ki te poma ngota, mā te whakamahi i te kupu "hua".

Ko te pähekeheke hītori o euphemisms

Euphemisms, i roto i te rerekē ki te rārangi kupu noa, he tino rauangi ki whakatau tata o ngā ngā tūmatanui rite "raweke" ranei "tika". whakamārama te pähekeheke hītori o te awa ki o kupu tenei: he aha kotahi whakatupuranga te mea ingoa euphemistic, te whai ake taea te i titiro rite muhu, me te tino ware, tono, i roto i te tahuri, whakakapinga euphemistic. Ka rite ki te tauira, te hītori o kupu Wīwī, me te garce fils. I roto i nga wa onamata, ko te tuatahi noa he ¯AHi ōrite wahine, e tu hoki "tamaiti, tamaiti", ka - he peha mo te kupu "kairau", engari hohoro timata ki te ite pēhea te ware, a ka whakakapia i roto i tenei mahi, te kupu fils (tetahi o nga uara), e, i roto i te tahuri, , i roto i te reo French te kore whakaaro i tenei ra i te whakakapinga, me te whakamahia i roto i te whakaoati. Taua euphemisms i roto i te kupu noa i roto i reo e rave rahi.

kitea te tauira rite te i roto i te hītori o tohu o tenei ariā i roto i te Silaví. Hei tauira, te kupu Russian mō "kairau" (whakarite ano Belarusian, Ukrainian me Bulgarian "kairau", kurva Czech, Polish kurwa) auraa tuatahi "heihei", a ka timata ki te whakamahi rite he peha mo kupu ware i roto i te tikanga o te wahine kino (whakataurite cocotte French - tuatahi " heihei "me" ho "). He rite ki nga euphemisms Ingarihi hoki.

Whanaungatanga ki ētahi atu tikanga o te kupu

Ka rite ki te periphrastic tikanga, iku'anga autaki, me te wā kotahi fakamolū āhuatanga o te ahanoa mahi ranei, ana hoki ratou ki era atu tikanga kupu, i roto i ngā ki litotes te mea kua matau rite te tikanga o te kīanga, te turanga o te mea he kino rua ( "e kore e pohehe" "nebesspornoy" ) wāhikē whakakāhoretanga i wahi o te aratau o te tauākī faaiteraa ranei ( "kore ahau e whakaaro e he tika koe" - cf:. "whakaaro ahau e he koe"), me ētahi atu tikanga - pūira - technique o whakapuaki, te ngako o nei - i āta whakaiti Institute .. āhuatanga ngā Ensivnosti o te kaupapa o te kupu, ngā tukanga, ngā mahi, me ētahi atu ( "Ko reira uaua ki te karanga atamai" - he wahine heahea, "pihi tino pai ia" - te ahunga pai).

Communication ki te whakaingoatanga

tukanga Evfemizatsii he hononga tata ki te atu - te whakaingoatanga. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga ari taketake toru e hanga i te tangata mahi kupu (te atu e rua - te aromātai, me te predication). E ai ki nga take ahurea, matatika, hinengaro ranei atu mohiotia ki te uaua ranei e kore e rapu ahanoa i mohiotia katoa ti'araa euphemistic. ingoa Whakahōu Ko hoki ki te hiahia hipokina ki te fakamolū ano a ano te uho o te mea kua whakaaro raweke, fiemālie i roto i te hapori ahurea ranei. He, i roto i ngā, euphemisms tōrangapū, he tauira o nei tatou i hoatu kua (te whakakapinga o te parau "hua i roto i utu," "utu kāwanatanga"). Ka taea e kitea e koe he maha o ētahi atu.

Pū o euphemisms

Euphemisms, tauira o nei he whānui, i to ratou ake pau. Kei te whakakitea te reira i roto i to ratou ngako wetereo, me te i roto i te mea kaupapa tino maha i raro ki tenei tukanga, te wāhi o te whakamahi o te kupu riro i roto i ngā rawa momo me ngā tikanga e ai e hanga e ratou i roto i te reo o te ngā tata homai e te kamupene i roto i te tahi mau euphemisms .

Ko te ngako o te peha

tukanga Evfemizatsii faufaa mō te whai ngā rārangi ana i raro:

1. Tohu e te kaikōrero hua ahanoa kupu rite taua, e taea te kite i te tohu tika o e (i roto i te kaiwhiwhi ngā ranei te taiao pāpori) rite te hē, koinga, roughness, a na i runga i. D.
2. Tīpakonga o taua tohu, e arai, huna kanohi i te ngako o tenei āhuatanga, a kore noa he ara ki te fakamolū tona faaiteraa. Rawa mārama puta reira ki te tauira o euphemisms hauora nuinga ki semantically, hei tauira, "neoplasm" hei utu o te kupu "puku" ranei te tono i ētahi atu reo (me te nuinga reira e kore rawa mārama) - he wā pēnei i "pediculosis" hei utu Russian "kutu", ranei te tahi atu ka taea te atu euphemisms i roto i te reo Russian, tauira o nei.
3. Ko te whakamahi o te kupu, tei runga i te tikanga me te horopaki: te mana pāpori o te āhuatanga reo me te whaiaro mana-o ake korero korero uaua, te atu pea ko te ahua o euphemisms. Engari, i roto i ngā āhuatanga i reira te whakahaeretia ai painga, i reira he tona automatism tiketike (feohi'a ki hoa, te utuafare, a na i runga i. N.). kia Euphemisms, tauira o nei kua hoatu matou e whakakapia e te tikanga ti'araa "hāngai".

whāinga whakauru i roto i euphemisms kupu

1. Ko te whāinga matua whaia mā te whakamahi i taua kupu e mea ana - te hiahia ki te karo i pakanga kōrero, te hanga i tētahi āhuatanga i roto i nei e kore e te kaiwaea ite fiemālie. I roto i te whai i tenei euphemisms whāinga i roto i "ngawari" puka, i roto i te rite ki te tahi atu tikanga o te whakaingoatanga, ka karanga te mahi he rawa ahanoa. Hei tauira, kia rite ki te whakakapinga mo te kupu "turi" whakamahia "pakeke o te rongo", kaua ki te "matapo" - "matapo", hei utu o "teka" ranei "teka" - "E kore pono", fetongi te kupu "haurangi" ko e "inu", "ngako" - "tonu", a na runga i .. He peha taua whakamāramatanga ko kore te tikanga nui fifi, no te mea tatou rave i te reira karu, i roto i enei take e āhei ki tatou kōrero kahore hūhi.
2. Hunaraa, huna nga hua - tētahi atu whāinga nui, e kua whakamahia me te e whakakapi enei. Ko tenei angamaheni mo te hapori totalitarian, he aha kua, mo te tauira, Russia noa te mutunga o nga 1980. Tauira huna kīanga euphemistic e huna interlocutor kino he mahi me ngā ariā: hei utu o te kupu "te whare herehere" - "faanahoraa", "kaiwhāki" - "pai-maua rongo", me te maha whakangungu ia i roto i te wahi tuatahi o te kupu tūtahi "spets" (manene motuhake, ope motuhake, spetspoliklinika, Manga motuhake, spetsraspredeliteli, spetskhran me etahi), "ture ranei ture o utu" (te tikanga mau whakatairanga ratou), "mehua e kaingäkautia" (piki tāke, hei tauira) me ētahi atu euphemisms taua. Tauira o ngā kupu, me te taea meinga atu. I roto i Russian, enei takirua ko te torutoru rawa.
3. E kore te wā katoa ina e whakamahia ai he peha. Whakamāramatanga o te muri, ko te tuatoru, e kore ko te take kia kitea, Heoi, ka ko reira taea ki te imi. kia te whakamahi Euphemisms mo te whakaaro o te huna i ētahi atu e hiahia te kaikōrero ki te whakamōhio i te ūnga ngā. O te akoranga, he whanaunga tenei "whakamunatanga", reira hohoro riro kitea, rawa, ki te e whakaputaina nga karere, a kahore e roto i te reta o te rōpū e rua, a ko te kupu hei wātea mo te tikanga o tetahi faaroo kaipānui ranei. Hei tauira, he mea angamaheni mo pānuitanga nūpepa, te kaupapa o nei - te wāhi o te utu fare ( "Ko e ahau he fare e rua-ruma i runga i te toru-ruma mo te whakaaetanga"), mahi ( "kotiro hiahia kahore complexes i runga i te aufauraa i mahi"), me ētahi atu te uara o euphemisms, e kore pera mahi. kia hoohonutanga.

Ao me aho evfemizatsii

Aromatawai i te kupu korero o te peu / anga mālohi, tikanga rangatira / wāhi hiahia taikaha o te tirohanga e hāngai ana ki ngā wāhi motuhake, me ngā kaupapa o te mahi a te tangata (me te te hononga i waenganui i te iwi). E ngā whakaaro ratou ki te hei i te whai ake:

1. Etahi āhua whaiaroaro, me ngā tukanga ( "ihu Wetekina" hei utu o "pupuhi tou ihu," "ahuatanga" (e pā ana ki te wā e paheke o te wahine), "tatari tamaiti" hei utu o "hapu" me etahi atu.).
2. E pā ana ki "raro tinana" wahi o te tinana - he penei enei ahanoa mohio a e te euphemistic, autaki ratou ti'araa i roto i te kupu rā i te nuinga o te kōrero e rite ana te kore rawa tika (hei tauira, piua me ingoa kīwaha o te ure, "rakau", "taputapu", "taputapu "et al.).
3. Ko te hononga i waenganui i te tane, "ki te kia i roto i te whakapā tino" me te ratou reo e ki "te whakatau", e ko te ki te whai "takoto tahanga", etc ...
4. Mate me te mate: hei utu o "mate" - "ite kino" hei utu o "pakewakewa" - "French ihu mātihetihe", te kupu "tupapaku" hei utu o "mate" me etahi atu.

Ko te peha - he uhinga tatau mo te kupu, engari ki te etahi atarangi pū o te tikanga. Kaupapa, me te whānuitanga o ratou te whakamahi, rite kite koe, e tino maha.

Euphemisms i roto i te kuputuhi me te kupu

I roto i te kuputuhi euphemisms, whakaaturia tauira o i i e maha tatou tohaina mā korukī me taea te tahi e ngā kōrero metalinguistic. Ka taea e te kaituhi whāki i te ingoa, me te arahi ia ratou i roto i ngā rārangi whakarara. Ko te kupu hoki tohu euphemisms tetahi o nga tikanga stylistic. tukua ratou ki a koe rerekē te kupu korero, i runga i ngā tikanga, arai kei a huna ratou whakaaro, ki te tika, ki te karo taea pakanga kōrero e kia ara ake i roto i te whakaingoatanga tonu o te momo o ngā mahi, ngā me ngā āhuatanga.

ke peha dysphemism

e kore te Culture o kupu Russian iti ki te whakamahi o euphemisms. I tua atu i enei, i reira he dysphemism - reira te ti'araa ariā tuatahi kūpapa whakarihariha ware ranei i roto i te tikanga ki te hoatu i te he tikanga kino muri, ranei noa whakamahia ki te whakarei ake i te expressiveness o kupu. Hei tauira, hei utu o te whakamahi o "mate" o te kupu "mate", a hei utu mo o "tangata" - "paraire" me etahi atu.

Dysphemism me kakofemizm

whakamahia tēnei wā kei te te tahi mau taime rite he uhinga tatau ia mo tetahi atu ariā - "kakofemizm". Ratou whakamahi, Heoi, kia kore e iti koutou ki te parau teimaha i me te anga mālohi. I roto i te ahurea tuku iho (hei tauira, Āhia) dysphemism noa i roto i te kupu, kaua whänui i roto i te tikanga ki te karo i te kanohi kino: ki nga wahine, tamariki ranei ahanoa faufaa. E mea pinepine, taua rerekētanga i roto i te whakamahi o te rohe ketia e vai i waenganui i whakama-faka'apa'apa, me te karakia.

Kua whakaaroarohia e mātou taua mea rite te peha Myung dysphemism me kakofemizm. tu ratou mo nga mea, me ngā e whakamahia i roto i ngā whaikōrero e ia o tatou, e rave tatou i te reira, kahore noa whakaaro. Na e matau ana koutou ki ta ki te karanga i te reo Russian taua monoraa i, a ka taea ki te whakamahi i atu hinengaro ratou.