Daniil Kharms: biography, mahi

1928. Leningrad Whare o Tā tutu te puehu kupu i tautohetia taitamariki kaituhi karanga ratou OBERIU. karakia ratou whiti tuhituhia tito, hoatu absurdist "Elizabeth Bam", a ki runga i te reira katoa i runga i whakakitea te ao ki te kiriata ekeeke ki te taitara whaihua "mīhini Meat". Nui i roto i oberiutov ko Daniil Kharms, ko tona haurongo ko te kaupapa o tenei tuhinga.

tau wawe

whanau te rohi pehe heke mai i Hakihea 30, 1905. Keno ki te mahi tuhituhi i haere i runga i ira ki a Raniera, tona papa, i roto i te reta ki a Chekhov ko Tolstoy, i mohiotia e kore anake i roto i ngā mahi pāhoro, engari ano hoki tauira o te pene, a ko tona whaea, he rangatira i te whanau, a ko i tiaki o te rerenga. Poto haurongo Daniila Harmsa ngā whakahua o tona mātauranga pai i roto i te kura Tiamana o te faingamālie. I muri i te Revolution i tabulahia i ia i roto i te elektrotehnikum Leningrad, te wahi i tonoa atu ai ia ki te parau "tae rawakore" hohekore i roto i nga mahi tūmatanui. "

Ko te takenga mai o te mahi tuhituhi

A, no te Harms Daniil Ivanovich, ko tona haurongo ko te kaupapa o akoranga maha, ka puta ke tona ingoa Yuvachev hopea i whakapono i roto i tona taranata rite te kaituhi? Ko te whakamahi tuatahi o te ingoakē puta i te timatanga o nga 1920. Ko te whakahoki ki te ingoa "Harms" (me ona maha rerekē, i roto ia ratou - Hharms, Haarms me wahi honoa Karl Ivanovich) tamata ki te kitea maha reo. kia mohio ki te plausible tino te faaauraa ki Ingarihi me Wīwī. Ki te te kino tuatahi - ko te "kino" i roto i te kupu tuarua te tikanga rite te āhuareka, painga.

I pā ana ki i tuhituhi te Harms ana rotarota tuatahi. Ka rite ki te aratohu, kōwhiria e te reira Hlebnikova, ranei, kaua ona admirer A. tata Tufanov. I muri, te "Order o zaumnik" kapi i te taua pehe pūmanawa rite Daniil Kharms. tohu hoki tona haurongo e i roto i te tau 1926 honoa e ia te katoa-Russian Union o Poets, te wahi i peia ia mo utu-kore o takoha.

Oberiu

Ko te hawhe tuatahi o nga 20 i ki Kharms ko Vvedensky taunga ki Druskin, e ko te kaiwhakaū o te porohita o "Chinar". I muri, i reira e, ko Raniera, ko wai faaoti ki whakakotahi katoa "leftist" kaituhi i raro i tetahi ingoa, kotahi rōpū - Oberiu. Tu tenei matatini hei whakarāpopototanga o "Association o Art Real". He aha te mea ngā, i roto i te rōpū Faaiteraa, whakaputaina i roto i te 1928, i whakaatu te kura "zaum" oberiuty te kino tino ki a ia. whakarerea e Harms te whakangaromanga o kupu, te kēmu mua o te tito. Ko te whakaaro o te rōpū, ko o te natura ao, ka matapaetia ki te ao. rapu Oberiuty ki ūkui i te tūemi i te "kiri tuhituhi", ki te hanga i taua perception atu tūturu. E pā ana tēnei e rua ki ona mārama ngā Five and Seven (rotarota "infidels kohinga kino", "waiata ahau ..."), ka mahi i te mau i te pūāhua arearea.

E whakamārama ana i Harms me tītohunga heahea i roto i Miniatures tuhi rite "Blue tau Notebook 10", "Sonnet", "pangapanga Old Women." E ai ki a ia, kia kia rerekē i te rā te arorau o toi. Ka rite ki te tauira Harms Arā te take, ka ki te artist, anga ke ki nga ture o te anatomy, etahi mata miro o te huru matua, e, Heoi, e kore e aukati i tatou, te kaimätakitaki, faahiahia i te ataahua o te natura e whakaaturia ana. Raniera a hanga mahi whakaari (hei tauira, te faahitihia "Elizabeth te Bam"), e ngāwari pai i roto i te horopaki o te tahi atu ngā oberiutov.

Mahi mō ngā tamariki

Pehea e taea te whakawhanake atu i te haurongo Daniila Harmsa? No te tamariki, ka anga ia ki te tuhituhi i te mutunga o nga 20, te mahi tahi me te maha o makasini. mahi ahau ki reira, me te tahi atu mau melo Oberiu, engari, pērā ratou, pa huru haepapa ki to ratou mahi o nāianei, kua meinga nei e te hinaaro o o tona puna anake o te moni te whakarau. Ko te hautaka whakaputaina rotarota, te panga punake, whakaputaina ana e ia he maha o ngā pukapuka ( "te tuatahi, me te tuarua", "Game" me pera i runga i. D.). i rāhuitia etahi o ratou kahore tūtohutia hoki whare pukapuka tūmatanui ranei, ia ratou e rawa ētahi aroha i roto i ngā kaipānui taitamariki.

Raru i roto i te 1930

Ko ngā uaua mo nga kaituhi e kore nei i hiahia ki te hoatu i tona taranata i runga i te ara nekeneke tenei wā. I roto ia ratou, ko Daniel Harms. Haurongo (haukiri, kaua) o te wa riro i roto i te rārangi pouri o te rotarota "I te toronga o te kāinga o te kaituhi ...". Pehe ki ohorere, me te riri ite e tahuri atu ana hoa i a ia te tangata kei roto i manakohia o te kaituhituhi. Raru e tangohia e hopu tuatahi wahi i roto i Hakihea 1931. Ōkawa, ko te kupu e pā ana ki te mahi o te rohi pehe i roto i te mara o te tuhinga o ngā tamariki, ahakoa i pā te take pono mo tana hopu ki te Oberiu. Te āhua, e kore i taea e te kāwanatanga Soviet whakarerea noatia ia mo te rawa, rēreretanga ahua kinotia ia e tohu i te Five and Seven toi - matau ia e Daniil Kharms. Haurongo o te rohi pehe i roto i te 30-doma o rerekē raruraru wä me te fakamasiva rauemi tamau. Heoi, ki te mahi ki a ratou i tauturu ia ki tana wahine tuarua - Marina Malich, nei noho ki te pehe ki te mutunga o tona ora.

mate

timata te whawhai. tutaki raru e tona defeatism me i pai ki te whai wāhi i roto i reira, no te mea i hopukina e ia mo te rua o nga wa. Ki te karo mahia, tinihangakore Harms wairangi. I whakanohoia ia i roto i te fare ma'i hinengaro, te wahi mate ia i roto i te mau ohipa nanakia o te whakapaenga o Leningrad. Na mutu ia tona mahi Daniil Kharms, haurongo, me te tuku iho toi i te mea inaianei o tino moni.