COPD tātaritanga: take, tohu, te tātaritanga me te maimoatanga. Ma'i mate pūkahukahu taunutia

COPD (mate ma'i taunutia pūkahukahu) - taua māuiuitanga tahi nei i mumura i roto i whekau romahā. Ko te take i taea e āhuatanga taiao me te tokomaha o etahi, tae atu kai paipa. Hoki te mate he angamaheni te ahunga whakamua i ia te wā, ārahi ki te hekenga i roto i te taumahinga o te pūnaha romahā. Neke atu i te wa, arata'i tenei ki te kore romahā.

Te nuinga kite mate i i te pakeke o 40 tau, me pakeke. I roto i ētahi wā, tūroro ki COPD uru ki te hōhipera, me te i te tau o muri. Ka rite ki te tikanga, he tika ki te predisposition ira tenei. Hoki mōrea nui o te mate i roto i te hunga e paowa hoki te wa roa.

rōpū mōrearea

kitea te tātaritanga o te COPD i roto i nga tangata pakeke i roto i Russia te katoa tuatoru, ka marere atu paepae o 70 tau. Tatauranga taea ki a koe He pakari mea e te pā hāngai tenei ki tupeka paowa. Ano, i reira te mea he hononga mārama ki te ara o te ora, ara, te wahi o te mahi: te tūponotanga o te whakawhanake i mate ko teitei i roto i te take, ina e mahi te iwi i roto i ngā āhuatanga mōrearea, me te puehu. Pānga e noho i roto i nga pa ahumahi: konei te ōrau o te wā ki runga ake i roto i ngā wāhi ki te taiao ma.

maha whakawhanake COPD i roto i te iwi pakeke, engari ka taea e te tiki koe te mate, a i te kuao tau ki te predisposition ira. Ko e tika ana ki te whakatupuranga motuhake o te tinana kiko pūkahukahu tūhonohono tenei. Ano, i reira e rangahau hauora ki te tautohetohe ki te mate e tika ana ki te tamaiti halá, pera i roto i tenei take e kore te tinana he nui surfactant, i te mea he aha e kore te whanau o tinana e taea tika mahi kiko.

Aha te pūtaiao mea?

COPD take o te mate, tikanga o te maimoatanga - tenei katoa kua roa ngā te aro o taote. I roto i te tikanga ki te whai nui rauemi mo te rangahau, kawea kohinga raraunga i roto i, i roto i nei ako take o te mate i roto i noho o noho tuawhenua, me te tāone. kohia ngā mōhiohio tākuta Russian.

i taea e ki te tāutu i e ka tae mai te reira ki te hunga e noho ana i roto i te kainga, te kainga, i reira te mea he akoranga nui o te COPD te maha he horihori me te māuiuitanga katoa o torturing tangata ko te nui kaha matou. E mea pinepine whanga ana nga käinga endobronchitis ki secretions purulent kiko atrophy ranei. Pōauautanga puta i roto i te tahi atu mau ma'i somatic.

Kua fokotu'u reira e te take matua - te tohu iti o te tiaki hauora i roto i ngā wāhi tuawhenua. I tua atu, i roto i ngā wāhi tuawhenua e kore e taea ki te mahi i spirometry, i roto i nei hiahia te kaipaipa tane ki te kia te pakeke 40 tau, neke atu rānei.

Hia iwi mohio, COPD - he aha te mea te reira? Pëhea te tuku haumanu? Eaha te tupu i roto i tenei take? Te nuinga e tika ana ki te kuware, te kore o te mōhiotanga, no te mea o te wehi o te mate, hei pōuri tūroro. E rite āhuatanga o tenei noho tāone, me te tuawhenua. e pā ana Depression te ki te hypoxia atu, e pa ana te pūnaha io o te manawanui.

Hea e te mate?

Ko tātaritanga o COPD me tenei ra uaua, no te mea e kore te mea mohiotia ïa, te take mō te whakawhanake māuiuitanga. Heoi, te whakahaere i te reira ki te tautuhi i te maha o ngā āhuatanga meinga te mate. āhuatanga matua:

• paowa;
• ngā āhuatanga kino te mahi;
• āhuarangi;
• mate;
• roa Bronchitis;
• mate pūkahukahu;
• Genet.

Ko te take hoki atu

Ko ārai tōtika o te COPD tonu i raro i te whanaketanga, engari iwi e hiahia ana ki te tiaki i to ratou hauora, kia tohu pēhea ai te awe hunga atu take ranei i runga i te tinana tangata, meinga tenei māuiuitanga. Ite ratou ati, me te whakakore pūmate, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te whakawhanake i te mate.

Ko te mea tuatahi utu te whakahua i roto i te hononga ki te COPD - ko, o te akoranga, e paowa. Rite pānga kino e rua kaha, me te hāngū. Na he haumaru rongoa ki te mea e he ai e paowa - ko te take tino nui i roto i te whanaketanga o te māuiuitanga. whakaoho Bolezn rite nikotīni me ētahi atu kai i roto i roto i te paowa tupeka.

I roto i te ara maha, e pā ana te huarahi o te tīmatanga o te kai paipa i te te wa taua, e ai rerekē ina mahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga mōrearea, no te mea i konei, rawa, manawa iwi rangi ki tonu i te matūriki mōkitokito. A, no te mahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga puehu, kawakore me korohū, te kupukupu tonu matūriki matū, e kore e taea ki te pupuri i te pūkahukahu hauora. whakaatu tatauranga e maha hanga COPD tātaritanga nga ngā kaikeri me te iwi e mahi ki te whakarewa: kaihuri, polishers, metallurgists. haria ki tenei welders mate me kaimahi mira penupenu, kaimahi ahuwhenua hoki. E pā ana katoa o enei tikanga mahi ki tauwehe puehu pukuriri.

Ko te mōrea atu e pā ana ki te kore o te tiaki hauora: i roto i te tahi atu kahore tata kaiwhakaako tohu, tamata ētahi atu ki te karo i whakamātautau hauora auau.

tohutanga

COPD Ko te mate - he aha te mea te reira? Pëhea te tuku haumanu? Ka rite ki tona parenga i roto i? Tenei whakarāpopototanga (me te tona tikanga - ma'i mate pūkahukahu taunutia) me ki tenei ra e kore e maha te iwi mea tetahi. Ahakoa te mate whānui, e kore te tangata e ara mōhio o tetahi i mōrea o to ratou oraraa. He aha ki te titiro hoki ki te whakapae koutou mate pūkahukahu, me te whakapae e kia whai ai COPD? Kia mahara e tuatahi āhuatanga e te tohu e whai ake nei:

• mare, maremare mucosa (te tikanga i roto i te ata);
• hāhā o te manawa, te tīmatanga tupu i te kawenga, pae hopea tahi rangimarie.

Ki te COPD exacerbation, ko reira te tikanga te take mo e - he mate e pā:

• dyspnea (piki);
• sputum (riro purulent, kua tukua i te taumata teitei).

Ki te whanaketanga o te mate, kua ki te mea kua pāngia te mate pūkahukahu taunutia ma'i, te tohu e whai ake nei:

• rahunga ngakau;
• mamae i roto i te ngakau;
• maihao, me ngutu hei urukehu kikorangi;
• mamae wheua;
• haaparuparu uaua;
• takaete maihao;
• whao huri āhua, hei ohu nei.

COPD tātaritanga: atamira

Tikanga ki te wehewehe e rave rahi ngā wāhanga.

Tīmata māuiuitanga - ko te kore. Kei te āhuatanga i te reira e te hanga o te sputum i nui, coughs wā te tangata. Lung mahi i tenei wā o te whanaketanga o te mate tonu.

Ko te mahi tuatahi - te wā o te mate, ai chronically coughs te manawanui. hua Light wā he nui nui o te maremare. I roto i te ako o te pūnaha romahā kore e taea te tautuhi i te tutukitanga waewae iti.

Ki te pāngia momo āhua o te mate, Kei te āhuatanga i reira e tohu haumanu (whakaahuatia mua), whakakitea i roto i mahi.

tikanga te tātaritanga o COPD, te toru o nga wā, e riro te ora-te whakawehi te kore romahā. I roto i tenei ahua o te mate i reira ko te "ngakau pūkahukahu" pera-ka karanga. faaiteraa mate kitea: rangi rere rāhui i roto i launoa, dyspnea pinepine a nui. I roto i ētahi wā i te arai arahau, i te mea angamaheni mo te puka tino nui o te mate tupu. Ko reira mōrearea ki te ora te tangata.

ngāwari ki te tāutu i

I roto i te meka, whakanohoia te tātaritanga o te COPD te i roto i te puka tuatahi o te mate, ko te iti rawa iho i te i kitea i roto i te vairaa mau. Ko e tika ana ki te meka e kore e kanapa nga tohu tenei. I te timatanga o te māuiuitanga maha rere puku. Ka taea te kite i te pikitia haumanu ka kauneke te huru ki te whakaōrite pakeke, a ka haere te iwi ki te tākuta amuamu o maremare me te maremare.

I roto i te tīmatanga o nga wāhanga haere pinepine take wā i reira ki te tangata mare ake he nui nui o te maremare. Ka rite ki tenei puta Varavara, iwi uaua manukanuka a kahore e haere ki te tākuta i runga i te wā. Ki te tākuta tae mai i muri, ka arata'i te ahunga whakamua o te mate ki te mare ma'i.

He uaua te āhuatanga

Ki te mea kua kua pāngia te mate, me te e mau mehua maimoatanga, e kore tonu, hei tauira, kua whakaaturia maimoatanga motu o COPD hua pai. E mea pinepine puta he pōauautanga hoki o mate.

A, no te te mate atu noa i te okiokinga he tangata mamae hāhā o te manawa. He he he huringa i roto i te āhua o tari: i roto i te sputum purulent riro. E rua ara o te whakawhanake i te mate:

• arahau;
• blackleg.

I roto i te take tuatahi, tukua te sputum e i roto i ngā rahinga nui, me te wā kinotia ana e te mare. He maha ngā take o te haurangi, korere arahau te mamae i inflammations suppurative, cyanosis taea kiri. whakawhanake tukuna ai kaha. emphysema pūkahukahu hoki tenei momo o te mate āhuatanga e te ngoikore.

A, no te whakaritea momo Emphysematous o dyspnea romahā, e he uaua ki te manawa. Matua emphysema pūkahukahu. riro te kiri hina kotukutuku. Taui te reira i te āhua o te pouaka: rite reira he oko. Ki te haere te mate kua ki raro i tenei ara, a ki te mea kua tīpakohia e koe i te raau taero tika i roto i te COPD mō tūroro pea ki te ora ki te koroheketanga.

te ahunga whakamua mate

I roto i te tūroro ki COPD whakawhanake rite pōauautanga puta:

• kakā;
• kore romahā, te tikanga i roto i te puka whakapeka.

Iti nuitia kitea:

• pneumothorax;
• rahunga ngakau;
• pneumosclerosis.

I roto i te nui pūkahukahu taea:

• ngakau;
• takawhita.

Te pūmautanga me te tapepe i roto i COPD

Ka taea e te mate kia i roto i tetahi o e rua puka: whakapeka pūmau ranei. Ki tetahi huringa i roto i te tinana i raro i te te tirotiro o nga akiakinga o te huringa i roto i te mea o wiki, marama, taea ki te kitea te whanaketanga putanga pūmau. kia kite koe i te pikitia haumanu etahi, ki te titiro e koe auau te manawanui i te iti rawa kia kotahi tau.

Otiia i roto i exacerbation whakaatu kua tika te rua ranei, nga ra, he ino koi. Ki te puta he exacerbation taua rua, he tau, neke atu rānei maha, e whakaaro ana ratou ki te kia hauora nui a kia hua i roto i te hohipera manawanui. Exacerbations tika pānga te kounga o te ora, me tona roanga.

I roto i te take motuhake rio mai tūroro-kaipaipa e tukua i te huangō i mua. I te wa ano kōrero e pā ana ki "syndrome ripeka-motu." e kore e taea ki te whakapaua e hiahiatia ana mō te mahi noa o te nui o heke hāora koi meinga kaha o te tinana ki te urutau papanga taua rauropi manawanui. I roto i 2011, tenei momo o te mate e kore tapura rite te piha haapiiraa motuhake, engari i roto i te mahi, te whakamahi i te tahi mau kaiwhakaako i tenei ra te pūnaha tawhito.

Ka rite ki te rata kitea mate?

A, no te toro koe i te tākuta, ka whai i te manawanui ki te waha i te raupapa o rangahau ki te tautuhi COPD kitea ranei he rerekē raruraru take hauora. mehua Tātaritanga ngā:

• tirohanga whānui;
• spirometry;
• tauira i roto i te bronchodilator tae atu he COPD inhalation, i mua me i muri i kawea te ako i roto i te pūnaha romahā motuhake, te mātakitaki huringa tohu;
• X-hihi, i roto i te tua - tomography, ki te he mārama te take (taea reira ki te whakatau tata pēhea te huringa nui hanganga).

E hiahiatia ana tauira sputum kohia mo te tātari o ngā tīwharawhara. hanga tenei reira taea ki te whakatau e pā ana ki te nui o mumura, a o te aha te natura. A, no te haere mai te reira ki te exacerbation o COPD, ka taea e te sputum whakatau, i whakapataritari he mate moroiti, me te e paturopi taea te whakamahi ki a ia.

whakamana plethysmography Body, i roto i nei arotakea te manawa waho. Tenei taea ki a koe te whakapūtā te nui o te kaha pūkahukahu, me te he maha o ngā tawhā e kore e taea te whakatau tata i te spirography.

Kia tino ki te tango i te toto o te tātari whānui. hanga tenei reira taea ki te tautuhi i te pūtoto, pūtau toto whero, i roto i te papamuri e hanga fakamulituku e pā ana ki te hāora hē. Ki te korero tatou e pā ana ki te whakahōhā, ka te tātari katoa whakarato pārongo i runga i te tukanga inflammatory. Te tātari i te maha o leukocytes me ESR.

I whakamatauria hoki toto mō te ihirangi hau. heheu tenei e kore anake te kukū hāora engari ano o te hauhā. Ko taea ki te aromatawai tika te whānuitanga ranei kukū te toto i te hāora rawaka.

riro rangahau mahuinga he hiko-, echocardiogram, ultrasound, i roto i nei te rata e tango te mōhiohio tika e pā ana ki te mana o te ngakau, a ka mohio te pēhanga i roto i te iatuku pūkahukahu.

I te pae hopea, kawea fibrobronchoscopy. Ko tenei ahua o te rangahau, i roto i nei te huru tohua o te mucous i roto i te bronchi. Doctors te whakamahi i te mau faaineineraa motuhake he tauira kikokiko, tuku ki a matou tirotiro ki te hanga pūtau o te mucosa. Ki te he mārama te tātaritanga, tenei hangarau mahuinga ia mo tona whakamahine, rite taea reira ki te tutakina atu mate ki tohu rite.

Tei runga i te pau o te take kia whakaritea te haerenga kōwhiri ki te pulmonologist ki te whakamārama i te mana o te rauropi.

hamani tatou kahore rongoā

maimoatanga COPD - he tukanga uaua e titau te huarahi katoa. Tuatahi o te katoa, whakaaro mehua raau-kore e hiahiatia ana i roto i te mate.

Doctors tūtohu:

• tino hoatu ake paowa;
• kai tōtika whārite, tae atu ki ngā kai pūmua-taonga;
• te whakatika i te mahi, e kore mahi te māuiui;
• whakaiti i te taimaha ki te paerewa, ki te mea i reira he anō taimaha;
• e kore te haere wā tere;
• ki te kauhoe;
• mahi mahi manawa.

A, ki te taero?

O te akoranga, i roto i te COPD kore e taea te mahi hoki kahore therapy hauora. Tuatahi o te katoa e whakarongo ki te kano rewharewha me te pneumococcal. He pai ki te kia werohia i Oketopa waenganui-Noema ranei, rite atu heke te kakama, i te piki tūponotanga e whai kē kua whakapā ki te huakita, huaketo, me te werohanga e kore whakarato i te whakautu ārai.

mahi hoki therapy, tona whāinga matua - ki te whakawhānui i te korere arahau a pupuri ratou i roto i te huru pai. Ki te mahi i tenei, aro ki cramps me te tono mehua e whakaiti i te hanga o te sputum. Tenei e whai hua nga rongoa e whai ake nei:

• theophylline;
• beta-2 agonists;
• M-cholinolytics.

E wehea ēnei taero ki e rua subgroups:

• mahi auroa;
• poto-mahi.

Ko te bronchi tautoko tuatahi i roto i te āhua noa i roto i te 24 haora, mahi tuarua te rōpū 4-6 haora.

He poto-mahi rongoā e hāngai ana i roto i te wähanga tuatahi, me te i roto i te heke mai, ki te whakatika ake i te hiahia wā-poto, e ko, kitea rawatia ake kua tohu e hiahia ana ki te kia wawe whakatutuki. Otiia ki te kahore enei rongoa e whakarato hua tika, haere ki te rongoā wā roa-.

Koe e kore e hoki e taea e te tau'a ore i te raau taero anti-inflammatory no te ārai ratou whanaketanga kino i roto i te rakau bronchi. Otiia hoki ki te whakamahi i ratou ko e taea hoki te kupu o taote. He mea nui kia mātakitaki i te tākuta therapy tarukino.

maimoatanga tino - e kore te take mo te wehi

I roto i te COPD whakahau hormones glucocorticosteroid. Ko te tikanga i roto i te puka o inhalations. Na konei i roto i te puka o papa he pai i roto i te wā o te exacerbation taua raau taero. Kōhi e tango ratou, ki te rere pakeke te mate, kua ahu whakamua ki te atamira mutunga. E whakaatu ana Experience e tūroro e wehi ki te whakamahi i taua tikanga ka taunaki ana ratou i te tākuta. Ko reira mahi wehe, ki āwangawanga e pā ana ki ngā pānga taha.

A pee i mahara e meinga maha tauhohe taha hormones tangohia i roto i te puka o papa werohia ranei. I roto i tenei take, e kore e nohinohi te:

• osteoporosis;
• takawhita;
• mate huka.

Ki te whakaritea nga taero i roto i te puka o inhalations a ka waiho ratou pānga mähaki tika ki te horopeta iti o te taonga kaha ki te tinana. whakamahia ana tēnei puka te rohe, mahi matua i runga i te rakau arahau, me e āwhina ki te karo i te nuinga o te pānga taha.

pupuri hoki i roto i te ngakau e whai pānga te mate e ki mumura ma'i, e te tikanga rongoa whai hua e anake e roa akoranga. Hei kite ki te ko te hua te raau taero i whiriwhiri, ka whai ki te tango i reira i te iti rawa e toru nga marama mo, a ka whakarite i te hua.

formulations inhalation kia meinga i te pānga taha e whai ake nei:

• candidiasis;
• reo whango.

Hei karo i tēnei, e hiahia ana koe ki te horoi i tō mangai i muri tikanga i ia tangohanga.

He aha atu e nehenehe e tauturu i?

A, no te te kaha whakamahia COPD formulations antioxidant kei roto i te matatini o huaora A, C me te Well E. kï āpiha mucolytic no ratou kikokore te hūpē whakaputaina e te mucous me te āwhina ia mare. Whaihua therapy hāora, me i roto i ngā whanaketanga kino - ventilation tāwhaiwhai o te pūnaha pūkahukahu. I te exacerbation o te mate e taea te tango paturopi, engari i raro i te mātakitaki o te rata.

kawea maha painga inhibitors whiriwhiri o phosphodiesterase - 4. Ko reira taero tino motuhake e kua whakaaetia ki ngā ki etahi o nga tikanga e whakamahia ana i roto i te maimoatanga o te COPD.

Ki te rongo te mate e te koha ira, ka whakaritea e te reira ki te huihui ki whakakapinga therapy. Hoki te whakamahi i tēnei te Arepa-1-antitrypsin, i te mea e tika ana ki te kore congenital whakaputaina e te tinana makona.

pokanga

I roto i ētahi wā, tūtohu tākuta ki te tahuri ki ngā whai wāhitanga maimoatanga hāparapara. Ko te kupu nekehia te tākuta huānga pükahukahu pakaru, a i roto i te wā tino uaua te transplantation pūkahukahu.

āraihia

He aha te ārai COPD mahi? He reira ara whai hua ki te ārai i te mate? rongoā Modern ta e ki te ārai he taea te mate, engari mo tenei, me tango tetahi tiaki o ratou hauora, me te hamani koe kawenga.

Ko te mea tuatahi ki te hoatu ki runga kai paipa, me te pā ana ki te taea o te kimi whakakore tikanga kino.

Ki te kitea te mate te, e taea te pakanga tona haereraa na roto i te te whakamahi i āraihia tuarua. whakamatauria whai hua te tino hua:

• āwhina Vaccination ki te ārai mate o te rewharewha, pneumococcus;
• rōpū auau o rongoā whakaritea. Kia mahara e he ma'i, na e kore e te therapy rangitahi kawea painga tūturu te mate;
• aroturuki o te mahi whakakori tinana. E āwhina ana tēnei ki te whakangungu i te uaua o te pūnaha romahā. Ko te haere roa ka kauhoe, te whakamahi i te tikanga o mahi manawa;
• inhalers. Me ratou ki te taea ki te whakamahi tika, ka rite ki te mahi hē ārahi ki te kore o ngā hua o taua therapy. Ko te tikanga, he tākuta taea ki te whakamārama ki te manawanui ki te whakamahi i te rongoā i ko reira whai hua.