Bestuzhev-Marly: haurongo me te whakaahua

Bestuzhev-Marly ko tetahi o te māngai tino nui o te kaupapa Romantic i roto i te tuhinga Soviet. ko ana pakimaero, ngā whiti, me ngā tuhinga tino tino hira i tetahi wa, ka ko ia putanga o tona mahi he hui i roto i te ora tuhituhi o to tatou whenua. Kei te mohiotia ano te reira i rite te mema o te ngangaretanga Decembrist me rite te hoa o Pushkin.

Ētahi meka o te ora

whanau Bestuzhev-Marly, nei haurongo he ngā ki a tatou, i roto i 1797 ki te whānau pai rawakore engari pai. I whai pānga hoki tona papa ki te tuhinga, kua whai wāhi i roto i te whakaputa, ka haere mai tona whaea i te taiao waenganui-piha. whakangungua ratou tama i roto i te Mining Cadet Corps, engari, e kore e ka oti te akoranga, ka tomo te mahi. Ko āpiha i te pou mana ara ia, ka haina i roto i te ope. I whakaturia tona wiki i ki Peterhof i te pa o Marly (te taitara i muri ka mau ia pseudonym o te kaituhi). Na roto i tenei wa, te timatanga o tona mahi tuhituhi.

mahi Ko te tuatahi

Bestuzhev-Marly ko te whai o te kaupapa Romantic, nei āhuatanga puta i roto i ana mahi wawe, "Roma ko Olga", "whakataetae kakai" me etahi atu. mahi ia tata ki te makasini ārahi o te wa, a muri, tahi ki ētahi atu kaitito whakaputa Ryleev ona ake anthology "Polar Star", i runga i nei ngā whārangi ki te tuku o ratou tuhinga tino oti rawa ki te whakaata i runga i tuhinga nāianei, me nga mahi o te mua. Ana whakaaro me whakaaro nga wa i whakapataritari tautohetohe ngahau i roto i ngā porowhita tuhituhi, pera i roto i te tau tika i kōrero e pā ana ki te mea e whakawhanake aronga whiti kāinga me te tuhi.

whakaaro tuhi

kaha whakahē Bestuzhev-Marly Classicism, tautohetohe e ko kua tenei au i roto o te rā. I te wa ano, ka karanga ia mo te whakaaetanga o te romanticism i tuhinga. Ko te kaituhi ko he tahi o kaitito pērā i Shakespeare, Schiller, me i ngā, Byron. tohe ia e te mau parau tumu whakatakotoria atu e enei kaituhi, kia waiho te pūtake o te whanaketanga o te tuhinga motu. Te pehe meinga ia ki te whakaatu iwi ki kaha, pūāhua faahiahia, ki nga hiahia kaha, whakakeke i te natura. I roto i aua tau, ko reira tino he kupu hou i roto i te tuhinga, me te fakaanga. publicist mohiotia, Belinsky rawa tino o kaituhi o te tuhinga.

Whai wāhi i roto i te kaupapa Decembrist

tomo Bestuzhev-Marly te "Free Society o Lovers o Russian Literature", i reira ko ia te mema i ia te wā. I te wa ano, ko ia he mema o te hapori Decembrists a ara ka mau wahi i roto i te mau ohipa i runga i kaumatua Square. arahina e ia hoia o te Moscow Regiment, engari i muri i te hinga o te kupu noa tukua ki nga mana. Hoki te whai wāhitanga i roto i te kaupapa, Ua faatopahia ia, ka whiua ki te mahi e rua tekau nga tau ', te hāereere a ki te whakaraua i Siberia. I tonoa e ia ki Yakutsk, te wahi i timata ia te ako o te iwi rohe te ora me te ahurea. I muri, e hāngai ana i runga i tona kitenga, i tuhituhi e ia he raupapa o ngā tuhinga e pā ana ki te ora i roto i tenei rohe.

i roto i te Caucasus

Alexander Bestuzhev-Marly etahi wa i muri mai i whakawhitia e ia ki te mahi hōia ki te tūranga matua tika. haere ana ia ki te mahi i roto i te Caucasus, te wahi wāhi ia i roto i whawhai ki te maunga, e whakaatu ana maia me te mataku, hoki i whakawhiwhia ai ia. Ko nui i roto i te aamu o tona mahi e te meka e ko te reira konei e hanga e ia ana mahi tino rongonui tenei wā.

Hanga Bestuzhev- Marlinsky mata, kua meinga reira he hui nui i roto i te aamu o te tuhinga kāinga wā Romantic. Ko te tuhituhi tino a Tūrongo, ngā "Rūtene Belozor", "Ammalat tenei na" me etahi atu. Ratou taa ko e kawea mai e ratou te kaituhi i te momo katoa hou o te hero: te tangata o faahiahia, me mau mana'o kaha, me te ngākau. Ana pūāhua mau te ōhakitia o romanticism Byronic. I roto i tenei ara kukume ratou me to'ume'á, kia ia pūrākau hou te kaituhi ki te titiro atu ki. patua Bestuzhev i roto i 1837 i roto i te whawhai, e kore i kitea tona tinana.

kōrero

Bestuzhev-Marly, kōrero poto te mārama Imprint o romanticism, unu whakarongo te ki te whakapakoko o tuakiri kaha me haerenga faahiahia nei ihirangi. He tauira ko tona pūrākau, "Neuhaus Castle," i te mea kanga ki te whakaahua i te auhoaraa i waenganui i rua hoariri: te kaiaka o Novgorod me te keneturio e, ka he hoariri i runga i te parekura matou, i whakaaro tonu ia atu. ko te tikanga huru o mahi aroha tenei tikanga. I roto i te whakamārama o tenei mahi i kiriata reira i roto i te wā Soviet, e fokotuu e he tonu mahi a te kaituhi rongonui.

Friendship ki Pushkin

kia whakaaro Creativity Bestuzhev-Marly i te horopaki o te wā, i te awe o Romanticism mana nui, ngoto ki to tatou whenua i whenua Pākehā Western. I tenei kaupapa, ka te kaituhi hoa ki Pushkin, e i roto i te wā wawe o tona mahi utua ano hoki takoha ki tenei rohe. Ko Ko te aha te kaituhi hihiko whakaputaina rotarota whaiāipo o Alexander i tona maramataka, me te tuhaa i tona pehepehe "te Prisoner o te Caucasus", "Gypsies". Ko te hua whakamutunga Bestuzhev utu rawa tino. Maoro, Heoi, ka timata Pushkin ki te hanga hua tūturu e whakatutuki ana i te hiahia o porowhita mātauranga, me te iwi whānui pānui. noho Bestuzhev piri o romanticism. Otiia, ki te rua te rohi pehe mau tonu whanaunga hoa. whakawhiti ratou wā pukapuka. Kei te mohiotia te reira i tino tino Pushkin utu Marly kōrero, ara kua i etahi o ratou i te tetahi mana (hei tauira, te kōrero "Blizzard").

hanga uara

mahi a Bestuzhev i te mana nui i runga i tuhinga hou. I tenei wa, i reira kua kua he whakawhitinga i Classicism ki romanticism. Na reira, whakakitea te porowhita mātauranga o te wā he mahu'inga'ia mo'oni 'i roto i tona mahi. E ai ki hono to'utangatá, te kōrero Marly whakatuwheratia he wā hou i roto i te whanaketanga o te tuhinga motu. Ko te tino hohoro timata matou ki te waiho i te mahi o te natura tūturu. Ko reira, te tuatahi o te katoa, te kōrero o Pushkin ko Gogol, e whakarerea romanticism ka oho ki te tirohanga kiko o te ora.

Ratou mahi tohua he au hou i roto i te tuhi, ka timata kaituhi ki te whakaahua ora rite ko reira. Ki te whakamārama o enei mahi i ngaro Bestuzhev-Marly mahi me etahi wa i muri kua wareware. Otiia, kua riro tona mahi he hui nui i roto i te tuhinga Russian. i tona mahi he pānga i runga i Lermontov (i runga i te pūrākau "He Hero o to tatou Time", a rawa i roto i te whakaari o te kaituhituhi).