Āhuatanga Material. wera motuhake

Ko te ako o ari waiariki e hiahiatia ana te whakataki o te ariā o physicists wera motuhake. Ahakoa tona tauiui noa, me te ti'aturi i runga i ngā āhuatanga maha, ka taea tenei uara ki a koe te whakahaere i te tātaitanga i roto i te akoranga o te ngā kahore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te mahi hanga mahi.

Ko te tikanga tinana o te wera motuhake, i roto i ngā waeine SI whanganga nei i roto i joule ia kirokaramu-Kelvin, ko te nui o te wera (waiariki pūngao) hiahiatia ki te taumaha rawa i roto i ke kotahi kirokaramu tona pāmahana i tetahi Kelvin (nekehanga).

awe te rahi o te wera motuhake kei te taha o te pāmahana tūturu o te taonga. Water te tahu ki te 20 ° C, me 60 ° C, kua reira uara rerekē characterizing te taupū homai. Hoki matū taketake i roto i a ratou i tatau i rangahau whakamātautau wera motuhake. Kua te tātai kua ahu mai hoki te whakatau i te fakafalala i waenganui i te maha o ngā uara. faaiteraa Mathematical fakatahai inenga ā-maha. Ko te tuatahi ko te kaha wera motuhake iho, mo te tapatahi tangohia nei mo te tamau ako i ngā āhuatanga paerewa. I te tahi taime te tatau reira mo nga tikanga takitahi, hei tauira, mō te kohu wai (te wai kua oti te tahu ki te pāmahana o te 373 Kelvin ranei 100 ° C). aru ana tēnei e te uara tohu i te nui o te wera whiwhi (whakawāteatia) taonga i raro whakawera (meangiti), te papatipu o wera (te matao o) o te taonga, te rerekētanga pāmahana i mua, me te i muri i te mea oti te tukanga.

wera motuhake o te faufaa rahi i roto i te kōwhiri i te taonga ngā rite te rauemi whare mo te whakamahi i roto i ngā pūnaha Refrigeration pūnaha whakawera ranei. Kua roa kua kitea te reira e ngā rauemi he te papatipu taua, e whakamahia hoki te para i te rahinga rerekē o te pūngao wera. coatings Konumohe, hei tauira ki te whiwhi supply kākahu o te wera i te radiation solar tūturu, a ka wera ake ake kaha atu i te taua hanganga i hanga o te rakau te raima tikanga ranei.

Whakaaro i te raima ki te wera motuhake o 1000 J / kg-K, ka taea e tetahi faaoti e rapu te wera o tetahi kg o rauemi ia kelvin pūngao o 1000 J. Wood ki te whiwhi i te taua pānga mā te whakamahi i te wera rua neke atu i te papatipu taua o te hau raima . Tenei pā kore anake te whakamarie microclimatic o nga whare, engari ano hoki i runga i nga reiti rerekē o whakaaro pāmahana elongation.

O ngā moni i roto i ngā o ngā tukanga utu wera he wai noa. I tona tauira e taea te mārama ata, e te tohu "kaha wera motuhake" o ia taonga, ko o mana nui o tona ahua tinana. Tonu i te tauira o te wai, whakakitea te tauira ngā. I 0 ° C i roto i te āhua wai te mea he wera motuhake o 4.218, a ka ara ake te pāmahana ki te 40 ° C kua 4.178 kJ / (kg * K). Ko mo tio pāmahana sitepu makaka 0 ° C kaha wera ki te taumata o te 2.11 kJ / (kg * K).

Water Ko te wai ki te wera motuhake rawa. Hoki te peke i muri ki te kotahi tohu homai ranei absorbs reira he rōrahi nui o te wera atu i tetahi atu taonga. whakamahia e te wai te i te mea e tika ana ki te whakarato i te wera tāwhaiwhai.

Hoki haratau, he tepu o tātaitanga atu atu i te wera tatau kauwhata mahi motuhake ki tetahi manokaramu taimaha, he tīwae atu ki te mau parau homai āhuatanga ia rita (dm3 ranei) taonga. Mā te whakamahi i te tepu raraunga, Engineers, me kaihoahoa hanga te kōwhiringa o te rauemi tino tika mo te whakatutukitanga o ratou mahere me whakaaro. Ki te haerenga mai o ngā rauemi hou ki ngā āhuatanga ahurei tino whakawhānui ngā o whiriwhiri, engari e te tahi mau taime e taea ki te hanga whakataetae ratou ara he rauemi ohie, me te utu.