Zoological Museum o Moscow State University. Zoological Museum o Moscow State University i runga i Nikitskaya: ngā haerenga, utu, arotake

A, no te te Russian Academy o Sciences Zoological Museum reira, i te mea te nui rawa i roto i to tatou whenua, me nga rohe e nohoia, a te rōrahi o moni. mau mau wahi Tuarua i taua faanahonahoraa ra i MSU. Zoological Museum i runga i Nikitskaya ko roto te nui rawa tekau i roto i nga whare o rite kōtaha ao.

tauhou Famous Russia

Ko te hītori o tona hanganga ko. I roto i te 1802, whakarewa te kāwanatanga he tono mō ngā takoha ki te mātauranga. I roto i te tuatahi ki te haere mai i mua i te taiao o, kaiputaiao me philanthropist Pavel Grigorevich Demidov (1739-1821), he uri o te whare rongonui. Ko te tino whānui tona mahi siokita - i tona ake utu i roto i te 1803, ka tuwhera e ia te kura o Sciences Higher, i whanau tana ingoa tae noa ki 1919. Katahi ia tuu te moni i roto i te nui o 100 000 moni, he whare pukapuka whānui, me te kohia i roto i ona haerenga huri noa i te ao o te kohinga pūtaiao tūturu o te heke mai o te Moscow State University. whakatika Zoological Museum tika ki enei takoha. I tua atu, i roto i 1805, ka tukua PG Demidov Moscow University Mintz rūnanga, e whare te kohinga taonga (e rave rahi mano), moni me mētara. Ēnei taonga me te pūtea taketake muri hanga i hanga mua i roto i 1791, "te rūnanga o te hītori taiao."

huarahi ngaio

I roto i 1755, te ture o Empress Elizabeth whakaturia te University Imperial o Moscow - Moscow State University. Ko 36 nga tau teina te Zoological Museum, e kore e e ārai ia ki kia whakaaro tetahi o te matamua whakahaere pūtaiao māori. Ko ia 215 tau. I muri i te "rūnanga o te hītori taiao" taonga tino tautooraa kaiwhakaruruhau P. G. Demidova, ka mea e tika ana ki te systematize ratou. Kua āta whakaritea tukua tenei mahi haepapa i (whakaturia he rārangi o tari rite i roto i Paris) taiao Russian Gi Fischer (ingoa tonu - Grigory Ivanovich (Johann Gottgelf, Gotthelf) Fischer von Waldheim, tau o te ora - 1771-1853). Akonga me te whai o G. Cuvier, kaituhi o te tuhituhinga "I te kupukupu kararehe," paopao Gi Fischer te tuku o University o Jena, karangatia ia ki te whakarite i tona "Rūnanga o Natural History," ka noho i roto i Moscow, te Moscow State University i te heke mai. I whakaturia te Zoological Museum i ona mau tautooraa.

mahi siokita

I roto i te tau 1806-1807 kawea ia rārangi tuatahi o nga kohikohinga katoa i roto i, tae atu ki ngā moni me te mētara. Ka rite ki te mea e mohiotia, i 1812, i tahu Moscow. patua tenei ahi te rota o whare, i tata whakangaromia rawatia kohinga faufaa rahi o te Zoological Museum o te heke mai. Na te konohi o Russia Grigory Ivanovich Fisher, e i te wa o te ahi tonu i taea te whakaora etahi conchological (anga, me te mātaitai) kohinga, ka anga ki te whakahoki "rūnanga", haere i te reira koutou ake kohikohinga, ngā kohinga me te whare pukapuka. Na, te whakamahi i te mana whaiaro me te rongonui i roto i te hapori pūtaiao, karanga ki Naturalists me kaitiaki o hui tūmataiti ki te āwhina i roto i te hangaia anō o te whare taonga o te tupapaku, te whakaoranga o i ko reira taea ki te mea kua i roto i te tau 1814. Ko te rārangi tuarua mahi G. I. Fisherom, i oti i roto i 1822, ka whakaputaina ona kitenga i. Tukutahi ki te kohinga Zoological i tohaina systematization o moni, ka whakaturia te whare taonga hou i te whare wānanga i anake i runga i tona pūtake. Na roto i te 1830, te whakawhetai ki te mahi ta'esiokita o G. I. Fishera, te maha o ngā whakaaturanga ki runga ki te 25 miriona waeine.

te whakariterite anō e tika ana

Kua kawea e te whakapaitanga e whai ake nei i roto i kua i roto i te tau 1860. Katahi ka wahia te whare taonga katoa ki te whakangungu, te rangahau, me te amuitahiraa. Hoki manuhiri e haere mai Zoological Museum o Moscow State University. whakatuwheratia University i roto i te tau 1866. O te akoranga, i roto i nga tau katoa o tona oraraa kua whakawhanakehia reira tere, me te taha o te mutunga o te rau tau te ruma whakaturia peka hoki ia, ka iti rawa. Na pera i roto i nga tau 1989-1902 mo te whare taonga i hanga he whare hou e toru-papa o te kaupapa mātauranga motuhake, he kaihoahoa tuku K. M. Bykovskogo, i taua wa - te tino kaihoahoa o University Moscow. I hanga ratou e te whare wānanga i runga i te mara o te wahine. Nikitskaya engari hanga ataahua o te Zoological Museum, i hanga K. M. Bykovskim te whare pukapuka, me te rave rahi aravihi o te tinana.

whare Ataahua, hanga i roto i te kāhua matarohia, kei roto i te ngakau o te whakapaipai. Ko te teihana lēlué tata - "Puna ratou. Lenin "me" Okhotny Ryad ". oho te reira me te whare taonga o te whare tawhito i runga i Moss. I muri neke ki te whare taonga tūmatanui riro te reira anake i roto i te tau 1911.

ripeneta Soviet

I roto i te 1930, i homai te Zoological Museum o Moscow State University i Moscow te Faculty o Biology. ka mau te whakariterite anō nui wahi i roto i te 90 o te rau tau whakamutunga. I muri i nga whakamatau katoa te whare taonga riro i te mana motuhake. Ki te rā, tae ana moni rangahau e rave rahi miriona waeine. Kei te titiro mai te reira e te 150,000 iwi he tau, te maha o ngā haerenga kawea atu i roto i te wā kotahi 1700. Ko te ahua tae whānui wātea reira he ētahi atu mōhiohio parakore me whānui i runga i ia momo o ngā kohinga pūtaiao. E toru ruma pai-rawa mātakitaki hoatu ki manuhiri - e rua i runga i te papa tuatahi, kotahi (Bone Hall) - i runga i te tuarua. Kua hanga kohikohinga katoa i runga i ara pakuwha motuhake, i te māmā ki te vertebrates.

rangahau Serious

Rangahau Zoological Museum MSU whakahaere mahi nui - tirohia a ngā mōhiotanga e pā ana ki te kararehe i roto i te whānui, e pā ana ki tēnei wā i roto i ngā. Na reira, i te tīariari 10 miriona whakaaturanga e 8 anake, e ngā māngai o te kararehe ahurei o te ao, mo te tauira, te Koriata pokai namu nui me taumaha me rau o te tahi atu nga wahi ahurei. Ehara i Koinei, timata nga Muscovites ki te haere ki te whare taonga i te tino taitama tau - i konei mai ki te tamaiti tawhito kotahi tau, a ka makona ki te haere. Zoological Museum o Moscow State University, arotake o nei te nuinga o te pai tino, tino rawa pai, e pupuri ana arataki ki te wa, te whakarato i te "maramara" katoa e taea kukume me te faaitoito i te maha rawa taea o ngā manuhiri. A e ārahi ana kaimahi reira e faahiahia te iwi. Otira tonu ka toro koe i tetahi whare taonga i roto i te ao i reira he iwi e whakapono e, ata korero nga kaiarahi, a ka hipokina te whakaaturanga e ki te puehu. E whakaatu ana te whakaahua e kore ko reira.

utu tīkiti, arotake, ngā meka

Whakarite ngā kohinga karakara me te taumata-tiketike, tirohia te whare taonga. utu tīkiti - noa $ 100 mo te tamaiti hei wāhanga o te rōpū tour, i reira i te iti rawa 20 iwi. Hoki te pakeke ki te ratonga tour - 250 moni, kahore he tour - 200. He ko te pūnaha ngāwari o painga, free ra hoki ngā kāwai motuhake o tangata, me te po noa o te tau. whakaaturanga hautaka Tino ngā. Ētahi manuhiri hoko tīkiti i mua utua tōmua. tonu te reira ki te tāpiri i te torutoru meka ngā - etahi wa i roto i te fare o Ahorangi A. N. Severtseva, kei roto i te whare taonga, i ko te kaiwhakarewa o Morphology kunenga o kararehe i ora ai Marina Tsvetaeva. A i mahi ia kia rite ki te tauira o te hero "hua Fatal" M. A. Bulgakova.