Writer Ivan Makarov: haurongo, auaha me te ngā meka

he taonga ki ngā ingoa kanapa tuhinga Russian. Otiia ko taua te ora pāpori-tōrangapū o te whenua i nga nga pāpāho i roto i nga ringa o nga mana. Na nga ingoa o kaituhi maha, kaitito, pūtaiao hoki tau Kua wareware. I roto ia ratou, he kaituhi pūmanawa Ivan Ivanovich Makarov.

Ko te tau wawe o te kaituhi

whanau Ivan Makarov i roto i te kainga o Saltykov Oketopa 30, 1900. I te bapetizoraa riro ia te ingoa ko Hoani.

I puta ia i te kura taiwhenua rite te ākonga pai o Ivan ka mau ki te ako i roto i Ryazhskaya hākinakina i te mātauranga tūmatanui. I mua i tu'ite no te haapiiraa teitei, ua haapii te kaituhi heke mai i runga i te moni te kāwanatanga.

I roto i te 1918, hākinakina e rua o te wahine tūmataiti, me nga tangata, te wahi ako ia i raro i Makarov Ivan, i ngā, ka whakaingoatia anō. I roto i te Hune 1919 oti ia te reira rite te "kura o te tau atamira 2 2".

tau o te ako

Kaiako o ngā kura wetereo nga paetahi whare wānanga katoa. He kaitiaki o te hākinakina ko te mohio runanga Yermolov. hanga nga ākonga wā haerenga ki tona wahi - te uiui greenhouses, kari, greenhouses me park.

Ko te whare hākinakina ko te pŭpŭ himene ākonga. He ko he vaiolini, he fira, te piana, Viola, panguru rua, putorino, pūtōiri. hanga nga ākonga i te upaupa balalaika. mahi atamira, tae atu hoki te noho pa. Hoki te kura nui whakaritea ngā ākonga te pānuitanga Rātapu ki pikitia marama, me ngā wā kiriata.

Puritia i roto i te hākinakina o hākinakina "ata Rātapu" i roto i te puna - hākinakina, te raumati - whutupaoro me te waka, e utu i te hākinakina. Winter oreore mo tiketike-kura retireti ripeka-whenua me te tio Skating maita.

i pai te hoatu Sciences tangohia te kaituhi heke mai. Algebra, āhuahanga, i ia wha, te reo Russian me tuhinga - he takitoru. Kua riro faufaa tau o whakangungu i roto i te kura nui mo te hanganga o te kaituhi heke mai. Ko te wa o ngā epochal tenei: te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao, February Revolution, a ka Oketopa, te timatanga o te Pakanga Civil.

whānau

Ko te mātua o te kaituhituhi, peasants Ivan Ivanovich Makarov ko Maria Ivanovna Kon'kova, whanau ano hoki i roto i Saltykov. Ko ratou te iwi mātau, i taua wa ko te nei rawa onge. haere mai rua i te ōhanga kaha, whakaorangia te tuhinga whakau e tukua e ratou te whenua i Princess Troubetzkoy.

He mea paihere Creativity Makarov Ivan Ivanovich ki tona haurongo. I roto i ona pukapuka, me te kaituhi tohu te nui tangohia o whenua ( "Te Tahei Black") no ki te rangatira, me te maha o nga tangata o te kainga ( "rara Steel"). ko te papa o te kaituhi te kaiahuwhenua kahore whenua, a ka puritia e ia anake te mīhini tuitui, pera ia ia ta Makarov. whai wāhi tona papa i roto i te mahi shoemaking.

i tabulahia i katoa te whenua mo te koroua Makarov. noho ratou i roto i te whare i tona koroua. te matua tino - e ono tamariki, Ivan i te utuafare. kihai i taea e whakaaro whenua he utuafare nui whangai, a maha haere toku papa ki te mahi i roto i Moscow.

I roto i nga tau wawe o te kāwanatanga hou, me te papa, me te tama tomo Makarov te mana ā-rohe. Ko te papa i roto i te tiaki o te whawhai ki papahoro Komiti, me tana tama ka he mema o te kaunihera kainga. Makarov, Jr. ko he mema o te komiti Taone o te rawakore, i tika ki te haere atu "toenga" o taro, ka tohaina i roto i te rawakore.

Pea e kore whenua o ratou ake pānga i runga i te ao Makarova Matua. whakaaetia e ia o te hōtaka o "kaiahuwhenua" Sōsialisi-Revolutionary Party, te pātai matua i i runga i te whenua. I haere te reira i ko tana tama. Ko te kaupapa matua o tana mahi, ka hei te kaimahi, te whenua me te revolution i puta ke to ratou oraraa.

I roto i ana mahi parau Ivan Makarov e pā ana ki ngā kaupapa tūturu i roto i te 1917. I roto i te pūrākau "Te Tahei Black" tohu te meka te hinga o te peasants distillery ina opilis ratou waipiro, a pā ana ki 70 te iwi i patua.

ora whaiaro

I roto i etahi o nga pätai faaite Makarov i e kore marenatia. I roto i 1921, te pātai rōpū, tuhia - "faaipoipo." ko te ingoa o tona wahine, Vera Valentinovna Vonlyarlyarskaya, tama whāngai - Sānuali I roto i te tau 1941, ko ia ma whitu nga tau, haere he tūao ki te mua. I te mutunga o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao i roto i Hānuere ngaro i Konigsberg.

mahi orurehau

Ka karanga revolution, mano o te iwi taitamariki, ko Makarov roto ia ratou. I roto i te pätai, hoatu tonu e ia te mātauranga i roto i te "pai" ranei "toharite". ko hae o ia hoa o te Komsomol, he tokomaha o ratou i oti anake kura tuatahi.

"Kaupae hou" Tuatahi hanga Makarov Ivan i tona kainga taketake ka haea te käinga ki ratou i te taiepa, a tahuna ana whakaahua kaunihera o te kingi. Na ka ko ia he tauira o te hākinakina. I muri i tu'ite, ka haere ia i reira whakahaua Party - whawhai i roto i te Army Whero, i mahi rite he āpiha tōrangapū me te torotoro i Chone, ko te kaituhituhi o te komiti ā-rohe o te Komsomol.

I te tau 1922, i haamana'o Makarov i tona pou, ka tonoa ki te orometua kawanatanga Komsomol Komiti. noho ia i roto i Ryazan, engari maha haere te raina o te ohipa ki te kauti. Ka rite ki te māngai o te kawanatanga o Ryazan, haere Makarov i Hānuere 1924 i runga i te tangihanga o te rangatira i roto i Moscow. I roto i te māngai i runga i te 6 katoa-Union Congress o te Komsomol.

Mai te ngahuru o 1923 Makarov Ivan Ivanovich - he mema o te Pāti Communist. Ngā, me te rōpū mahi, me te tuhituhi auaha. I roto i te 1924, ki tona whai wāhi mātātoa hanga te peka Ryazan o "kaitito o te Union" me te porowhita tuhituhi.

Mai 1926, mahi Makarov rite hēkeretari o te pūtau Party i roto i te tari o te mātauranga tūmatanui. I te mutunga o tenei tau, i mahue poto ia Ryazan kia kite Siberia. Te ratonga whakamutunga Makarova i Ryazan - superintendence agronomy kura.

te tānga tuatahi

Te nuinga o tona ora poto Ivan Makarov noho i roto i te whenua o Ryazan. whai wāhi ia i roto i te hanga o te āhua taitamariki, tuatahi rite te kaimahi Komsomol, ka rite ki te rōpū. I roto i Ryazan, whakaputaina ana e ia i roto i te niupepa ā-rohe rite te kaituhi taiwhenua, me te rangatira o te whakahaere Komsomol.

I roto i tenei wā i tuhituhia ai tuhipoka:. "Karanga o Tupú", "mokopuna a Lenin," "Thoughts o Communards taitamariki", "tangi Mahi" Ngā kōrero o "Te raa Tuatahi", "Mishkin mahi kikino", "Boots me pata", "kī". "Kanga Grunkino" me "niho mo te niho" kawea Makarov ki te taumata katoa-Russian. Mai i taua wa i timata ai tona haere i roto i te tuhinga nui.

auaha Makarova

I te 1929 pūrākau tuatahi, "te rara parahi" tukua i roto i Moscow. I whakaputaina te reira i roto i te buka aamu "Te Young Guard", ka whakaputaina i roto i te puka pukapuka. I muri i tona whakaputanga oho Makarov ki Moscow. He kua kōrero tuhituhi:

• 1930 - "muzhikan Last";
• 1933 - "Te Case 471";
• 1935 - "Te Firebird", "Stepan te mamae o te ao."

Kua i te pane o te kaituhi pūmanawa tuhituhi Makarov Ivan Ivanovich te kōrero:

• 1929 - "Reid pokai namu mangu";
• Te tau 1930 - te tau 1931 tau - "te rangimarie i runga i te whenua";
• Te tau 1931 - 1932 - "Ko te pāmu Cossack";
• 1936 - "Gofmaler Nikita".

i hanga nga pūrākau wā Moscow:

• 1929 - "Te rara parahi";
• 1933 - 1934 tau - "Te Tahei Black";
• 1936 - "Misha Kurbatov".

Pukapuka "Ko India i te toto" me "Mahere Grand" kore i ano i whakaputaina. mahi whakarau Unknown, "Vecchio" me "Muscovite pai". Roma Makarov "Blue Field" mahue oti i.

I te tau 1928 ka arahina Ivan Makarov te peka Ryazan o nga Writers 'Association. I roto i te 1929, tona kōrero poto "I te tahuri", riro ia te utu o te moheni "Pathfinder". I roto i te 1930 - mo te tohu kōrero "drum puku" moheni "Ao Kangatari".

hopu

I roto i te pūrākau hēhē "Misha Kurbatov" Makarov i te wāhi rōpū o te tirohanga. I roto i te Hui-tanguru 1937, i mauheretia te kaituhi Makarov Ivan Ivanovich rite te mastermind o te whakahaere kaiahuwhenua o kaituhi, mahara ko tona whāinga te kōhurutanga o Stalin.

roa whakamamaetia ka whakamamaetia te Lubyanka Makarova. I raro i te whakamamae taehae uru ia tona hara. Tekau tau i muri mai, te mea i whakaritea e kore a kahore e whakatakotoria, a kihai i taea e. koperea Makarova i roto i nga herehere o te NKVD, Hōngongoi 16, 1937.