Whatunga neural Artificial

Artificial whatunga neural - ko te hunga e kua hanga ki runga o ngā pūtau motuhake - neurons. He tauira pāngarau o neurons koiora, arā, ngā pūtau e hanga ake te pūnaha io tangata ratou.

Hoki te wā tuatahi e korero tatou e pā ana ki whatunga neural i roto i 1943, a muri iho i te tenenga o Perceptron Rosenblatt ka haere mai te wā koura, a kua riro whatunga tino paingia. Heoi, i muri i te whakaputanga o Minsk i 1969, i roto i nei kua whakamatauria te pūtaiao te koretake o Perceptron, i raro i etahi tikanga, ka hinga te moni i roto i tenei rāngai koi. Otiia e kore e te aamu mutu ki whatunga horihori. . I te tau 1985, te aroaro J. Hopfield ratou akoranga, a whakamatauria e te whatunga neural - he taputapu nui mō te mihini akoranga.

I tono te reira i te koiora e rave rahi ariā me te mau parau tumu. Neuron - he ahua o te whakakā i te manako me te ka whakawhiti nga ngātere (tohu). Ki te tango ana te neuron te torohaki makona kaha, kua whakapono reira e te whakahohe reira me whakawhiti te ngātere toe neurons e pā ana ki reira. Neuron taua kihai i nei whakahohe, tonu reira i okiokinga, e kore e tuku i te reira pini. Kei Neuron o te maha wāhanga matua: synapses e hono neurons ki tetahi ki tetahi, me te riro ngātere, axon, e tuku hinaaro mahi me dendrites, e manako ana tohu i ngā puna. A, no te e tango te neuron he hihiko runga ake te tetahi paepae, reira ka tukua tonu he tohu ki te neuron muri.

Ko te iti rerekē te tauira pāngarau. Takiuru tauira pāngarau o te neuron - ko te pere, titoa nei o te tokomaha nui o ngā wāhanga. Ia o te wāhanga - he tetahi o te ngātere, e kua riro e te neuron. Ko te putanga o te tauira, ko te tau kotahi. E te, i roto i te tahuri te pere tauira wāhi ki te scalar, i muri mai whakawhiti ki ētahi atu neurons.

Ka taea te whakangungua whatunga Neural i roto i ara e rua: ki a kahore te kaiako. Kei te tukanga ako o te maha kaupae. Tuatahi, i runga i te whatunga he tāuru i te faaitoitoraa i waho. Na, i roto i runga i te ture rerekē te tawhā noa o te whatunga neural, ka pahono te whatunga ki whakaohooho tāuru kua rerekē. kia te tukanga kia korerotia rite te roa rite kore e te whatunga whakaoti i te raruraru. Te hātepe ako ki te kaiako, ko te e i roto i whakangungu te whatunga kua kē te whakautu tika. Kua oti pai whakamahia i tēnei tikanga mo te maha tono, engari kua maha whakahē reira mo te meka e ko te reira biologically te kautau. E whakangungua whatunga Neural waho te kaiako i roto i te take i reira te kōkuhunga mohiotia anake. I runga i a ratou, te whatunga āta ako ki te hoatu i te whakaputanga uara pai.

Ko tino kanorau tono o whatunga neural. Kei te maha whakamahia ratou ki whakaaunoa te āhukahuka, matakite, hanganga o ngā pūnaha tohunga, āwhiwhitanga o functionals. Ki te taea te whatunga taua mahi āhukahuka tangi tohu optical ranei ki te matapae i ngā tohu utu te hanga i ngā pūnaha taea o te ako-whaiaro, e taea, hei tauira, ki te synthesize kupu i te kuputuhi i homai ranei park motokā. E whakamahia atu kaha, kāore, kua kore ano i whāngai whatunga Neural i roto i te Te Hau-ā-uru umanga kāinga tenei tikanga.

Ahakoa nga painga o ANN i runga i tātaitanga tikanga i roto i te tahi mau wāhi, te whatunga neural ngā - e kore te otinga pai. Mai he nehenehe o te ako ratou, kia waiho ratou he. I tua atu, e kore koutou e taea e rite te kī e he tino pai te whatunga neural whakawhanakehia. Me matau te kaiwhakawhanake e ngā te āhua o te raruraru, i te rota o te kōrero e whakaahua ana i te raruraru, ki te whiwhi raraunga mō te whakamātautau me te whatunga whakangungu, ki te whiriwhiri i te tikanga tika o te whakangungu, whakawhiti mahi me mahi neke.