Whakararuraru, takarepa tahuri. takarepa tahuri me te te totoa

He rerekē te huru o ia tamaiti. pai tetahi ki te noho ata i roto i te kokonga, me te lau, ētahi i hiahia romps ki hoa. Ko nga mea katoa e te rohe, kia i etahi wāhi kia rongo toku whaea tamariki ngahau rawa e pā ana ki te aro takarepa me te totoa. E hiahia ahau ki te wehi o?

ADHD - he aha te mea te reira?

Kids mahi ake - e matau ana te reira i nga whaea. Otiia ka taea e whai mahi nui ki runga ki a ratou ano, me etahi take hauora. Web syndrome tarepa i roto i ngā tamariki o te tau kura tuatahi e huaina matatini o etahi tohu e ārai ratou i pai whakawhenumi te matauranga. He rere totoa, raruraru tonu, me te kukū i runga i tetahi mahi mo ratou enei takatu - he raruraru rawa nui.

ta pūtaiao Modern e ko te mate i te mea i raro i te tetahi take tenei. I roto i te US ko Canada mo te tātaritanga me te whakarōpū whakamahia te i mate hinengaro katoa. Otiia e kore e mahi i mataku tika me whakaaro e te tākuta i tenei take, ngana ki te whakawhiti i te tamaiti ki te kura motuhake. Ka rite ki te tikanga, mo tenei kahore he take. Heoi, a tino wareware ko tenei huru hoki e kore e utu i te reira - te ngaro o tetahi mahi kia whai atu pānga pērā i ngā raruraru ki te tuitui noa ki te hapori, ino o te mahi, me complexes i muri e taea te kumea, kino whanaunga ki ngā mātua me ngā kaiako, me ētahi atu . Aua'e, i reira kua roa kua tikanga o te ako o tenei āhuatanga, tae atu rongoā.

syndrome History

Ko te whakamārama tuatahi o te kāwanatanga rite whakarongo takarepa me te totoa rawa, i kitea i roto i te pūkete o te tākuta German Heinrich Hoffmann-Donner, tuhia 1846. Heoi, e kore i meatia ai i roto i te buka aamu pūtaiao, engari anake i roto i te pukapuka o te tamariki whakatapua ki te tama a te kaiputaiao.

hanga te whakahua mōhiohio tuatahi o tenei huru i roto i 1902 e te tākuta tamariki English George Steele, mau tamariki ki raruraru whanonga, tae atu ki te haafifi i ki nekeneke nui me ngā mahi haamou. Ko ia te tangata e te whakaaro e kore ko te he i o metua kino, me te pōrearea o te pūnaha io pokapū tenei. Mai i taua wa i timata ai te reira ako kaha o te ADHD. He aha te mea te reira, e kore te mea te reira mārama pera tawhiti.

E te rau tau waenganui-rua tekau, ka anga tamariki pūkoro rawa, ka marara ki te hanga i te tātaritanga "iti pōrearea roro", engari i roto i te 80 wawe o tenei ariā pai whanui i tohaina wehe "whakararuraru, aro takarepa". kitea hoki Treatment, engari ki te kōrero e pā ana ki reira motuhake.

momo

I roto i te tau 1990, kua te whakarōpū i whakaarohia, e titore i mawhiti tuatahi, e rua faaiteraa taa ritenga o te huru kotahi. Conventionally, i huaina ratou HD, me te ADD. Ko te rōpū tuatahi ngā tamariki ki te nekeneke disinhibition kukū rawakore, rere totoa, me te uaua ki te whakahaere i to ratou whanonga. I roto i te toe tūroro, i runga i te anga ke, i reira he hypoactivity, lethargy, rohirohi tere, me te mate o te kukū.

nuinga

He uaua ki te mea pehea te akiaki ko te raruraru, e pā ana ki te aro takarepa te whakararuraru, no te mea kahore he paerewa tātaritanga kākahu. I roto i te whenua rerekē he whika rawa rerekē: i roto i te United States - 4-13%, i Germany - 9-18%, i roto i Russia - 15-28%, i roto i te UK - 1-3%, i roto i China - 1-13%, me pera i runga i. d. e kore e riro te reira ki pakeke pūkete ki ngā raruraru rite, kia taea e ara ake mīharo nga tūturu tatauranga. Kei te tuhia hoki te reira e i roto i ngā kōtiro, he nui iti noa ake i roto i te mau tamaroa i tenei raruraru. pāngia e te ADHD whakamutunga 3 ngā wā atu pinepine.

taunakitanga

tohaina te tuhinga pūtaiao te ake ki te 100 ngā momo rerekē o te whakaatu ulungāanga mo ADHD. Ko tonu na te mea matua: heke kukū, te totoa me te hehema ki ngā mahi haamou. Ka rite ki kua whakahuatia, kia hoki kōrero te lethargy whānui, me te hypotonia e pā ana ki tetahi o nga momo o tenei raruraru. Hoki, i roto i te whānui, i reira kia kia disorders mahara, nekehanga pokepoke-hairiiri, kore o ngā pūkenga tokoni-whaiaro, me te whanaketanga o ngā pūkenga pai nekeneke, indecisiveness, impulsivity, hīrere huru koi me te auau, te kārangirangi me te manukanuka. I roto i tetahi take, te kitenga e he tino rerekē i te mea me pehea ki te mahi i tata o ona hoa katoa, he reira taea, me te tae noa tika ki te kōrero i te tākuta, i te iti rawa hoki toku rangimarie ake o te ngakau whanonga o te tamaiti.

take o

Ki te faataa mua nga take mo tenei whanonga e pakaru i roto i te mātauranga, i roto i nga tau tata nei i timata matou ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te meka e kia ahu whakarongo takarepa me te totoa i te āhuatanga o te whanaketanga rauropi, ara - te pūnaha io. Ko te take i haere tonu i te roro ki te hanga i me i muri i whanau. Ano, taka te wā tino kaha o tona mahi i runga i te rua ki tau tuarima o te ora. O te akoranga, tonu tenei tukanga, me te muri, engari mo te katoa o CNS matuatanga puta i ngā wā rerekē.

I te tahi atu te ringa, e matakitaki ana i nga tamariki ki te ADHD whakakitea e whai ratou, rawa i roto i te tāpiri-momo i roto i te hopanga pukumahi iti tetahi raruraru te tohanga toto o te taupa frontal o te roro. Na te atu i tamata i te tamaiti ki te arotahi ki runga i te mahi, i tohu i te nui te heke. hono tētahi atu whakapae e ki te whakawhitinga o te hypoxia fetal, i pahono i runga i te tau i roto i tenei ara. He he ano hoki te ariā ki te whakamārama i tēnei āhua o te ofatiraa o te catecholamine pākia. i te tangata a whakapono e riro tenei huru te, tautohetohe e huringa āhuatanga i roto i te hanganga ira. Heoi, ahakoa nga whakapae rerekē, te whakahoki tangohia ki te pātai "ADHD - reira" i roto i ngā o te pathogenesis tonu te mea ngaro.

tātaringa

Ka rite ki kua whakahuatia, e taea te auraa te momo o ngā tohu i te aro pahara. A mai i reira he kore tohu o te mate, i roto i te tua ki raruraru whanonga, e kore ano i tāutuhia, kua takoha tākuta ki te whakawhirinaki i runga i whenua rawa wiriwiri. e kore e tikanga kotahi o te tātaritanga te tīariari i roto i te United States, a whakamahia Canada ratou pātai, me i roto i te Ao Tahito - te. I roto i tenei wahi o te paearu i roto i te wā e rua kia hāngai ki te whanonga o te hauora maitai, engari, mo te tauira, kei te marara tino tamariki. Āhuatanga o te kōhungahunga tau pai haapapu te reira kia tupu i te tuakiri i roto i ara tino rerekē, kia kia kia kawea te tātaritanga i mātanga rawa mātau, me te mātanga.

Heoi, etahi pätai i roto i te take o ruarua kore te reira Karo. I roto i te tono i te tātaritanga o te ADHD te atahanga, electroneuromyography me te tukunga spectrometry, me te tata katoa te waia Tirohia te, electroencephalogram. tauturu tenei katoa ki mahino pai te tikanga i roto i i kitea aro takarepa.

maimoatanga

E wehea Techniques mo te āhua o te te totoa me aro pahara whakatikatika ki rongoā me te okiokinga. Ko te tuatahi te nuinga whakamahia noa atu, te maha metua vahine Russian muri e kore e nei hiahia ana ki te mea i te tamaiti atu taero e te nuinga o kotahi nui ofi. Ngā mātua i roto i Uropi me Amerika, i te rerekē, he te tikanga whakamahia tikanga kore-pharmacological, engari ka he kaha raau taero.

Nuinga o ngā wā kōwhiria e te tākuta te taka matatini o te rōpū o stimulants, tranquilizers, pōuritanga tricyclic me nootropics. I roto i te mahi ao, ki te kia whai hua i roto i te maimoatanga o te ADHD whakakitea e rua taero: "Ritalin" me "Amitriptyline" me ratou analogues.

maimoatanga Non-pharmacological hoki he angitu i roto i tona whakamahi tika, me te ōrite. Tuatahi o te katoa, he mea e tika ana ki te whakahou i te whakapakoko o te ora o te tamaiti i roto i ngā o tona porohita o hoa me ngā mahi. Ko te kēmu pai ki te whiriwhiri marino, kahore te wāhanga kaha aronganui, me hoa ratou - taurite, me te ata. I momoho te tono hinengaro, i roto i nei te ako o te huru o te tamaiti ki te taiao akoranga. He pānga painga i runga i ngā wā ADHD whakatairanga whakangā me te whakakapi manukanuka. I roto i etahi āhuatanga, e kore e hira e pai me te whānau therapy - whakaatu rangahau e faarahi undiagnosed mate aro takarepa i roto i ngā tamariki te mōrea o te korekore i roto i te mau metua vahine o e pā ana ki 5 wa.

Ahakoa te meka e huarahi e rua i roto i to ratou ake pai, kei te tutuki tonu i te hua pai e te huinga o reira.

ārai

Te kore i mohio hoki etahi take e meinga aro te whakararuraru, tarepa i roto i ngā tamariki, he uaua ki te kōrero e pā ana ki mehua ki te ārai i te reira. O te akoranga, hanga ana e ia tikanga mō whaea ki āta aroturuki rātou huru me muri whanau ana - te whanaketanga o te tamaiti. whakapono maha neuroscientists e taea te kite i nga tohu o te ADHD i roto i pā ana ki 3-5 tau, a ētahi wā noa i roto i te tuatahi o nga tau o te ora. Mai te rapunga o enei āhuatanga e taea timata i te tikanga te ako rite ki te maimoatanga tarukino-kore - i roto i tetahi take e kore ratou e kino i tetahi tamaiti. He anake tetahi ki mahara e kitea tamariki ki whakarongo takarepa te mahi roro kaua i rawe ki: i muri i 3-5 meneti o te mahi me ia i te mea kiano i matao.

outlook

Ka rite ki te tikanga whānui, ki te e talavoú ki whakarongo takarepa ko te hopoia runga. Otiia e kore e tenei te tikanga e kore e taua ADHD rapua e maimoatanga me rere i tahaki. Ko reira mahi wehe, ki te tau'a ore, ki te kahore neurological, raruraru hinengaro. Na roto i te 14-15 tau e taea te tiki i te tamaiti i te whaiaro-kiritau iti, āputa mohio, kore o hoa. Homai te meka e i roto i tenei wā, me pera ka haere ia i roto i te wa uaua mo koe, he ahua o te raruraru, e kore ano ki te waiho i te tohu ADHD kahore whakarongo, nui hoki e taea haafifi te reira atu pāpori urutaunga. I tua atu, whakaatu rangahau e 30-70% o ngā tohu haumanu enei atu ranei o te syndrome kitea i roto i te tau pakeke.

Disorders i roto i ngā pakeke

Ae, e kore tenei tupu anake ki ngā tamariki. Anga ke ki te whakapono rongonui, ADHD - kore ake āhuatanga o te tau kura-mua te taiohitanga ranei, e taea te tono i tenei tātaritanga ki pakeke. E hiahia ki te whakaae i te reira Doctors, tuhituhi atu ina tīmata ana, te warewaretanga me te whakaroa tamau i roto i te whare putunga o te huru me te kore o te puai. Ko, rite kua whakahuatia, i roto i te 30-70% o ngā take i roto i ngā tamariki pāngia ki te ADHD ranei e ka tupu raruraru i muri.

Āhuatanga o te mahi i roto i te tau matatau, Heoi, waiho ratou hāraunga, kia kia taea faaite e aro disorders kore rawa pera rite te tamaiti:

• "Ronatia" i roto i te take whakahaere ranei;
• kukū waimaero;
• uaua i roto i te arotahi ki runga i te mahi;
• mahara māna rawakore, raruraru ki uri o ngā mōhiohio riro waha;
• te haafifi i ki te tau'a ore i te kōrero, ara nui.

Tera atu ano tetahi taha ki te moni. I te tahi taime e hinga te iwi ki ADHD ki te pera-ka karanga kāwanatanga o runga-kukū. I te wa ano arotahi i runga i tetahi mea kotahi e taea te hanga wareware te tangata e pā ana ki te wa, me te tahi atu take. Ka rite ki hoki te totoa, te tikanga i roto i ngā pakeke e whakahuatia reira nui iti.