Whakapuru: whakapuru tikanga. tāutanga hoahoa Fashion

Tāutatanga Ko te mahi whānui i runga i te tāutanga, huihui o whare me ngā hanganga, whatunga engineering ranei wae takitahi ona. Ko te i ia i runga i te 50%, tei runga i te tika me te mauroa o te hanganga whakapumautia. Na reira, he mōhio o te hiahia ki te mahi i te tāutanga kounga ngaio ina mahi. tikanga whakapuru te tikanga rerekē i runga i ngā e he ki kia huihui i te kau rānei. I roto i te meka, i roto i nga rohe i roto i nei e kawea atu mahi tāutanga, i reira e maha ngā momo o te whakaminenga. Hei tauira, tikanga o te tāutanga o te hanga hanganga, i runga i te tono rānei, i reira e wha momo, ka riro nei ki raro ki etahi parau tumu.

Te hanga hanga. tikanga tāutanga

Constructional wāhi nui i roto i te pikinga whakaari tika e mahi tāutanga. E wehea whakapuru tikanga i roto i tenei take ki te maha - tei reira ki runga ki te momo me te whakaaro o te ahanoa. rapu ratou katoa he rerekē mahi whakatinanatanga tikanga, me te ngā tohunga. Methods o tāutanga o waihanga he:

1) elementwise. I roto i te tere kotahi, whakaarahia te huarahi aranga ki te ka whakaturia tetahi anake wāhanga o te ahanoa. Kei te piki tenei ekeeke taiepa whakamahia i roto i te metarahi katoa.

2) poraka nui. I roto i te tere kotahi, ka whakaara ake te huarahi aranga ki te maha o ngā huānga taiepa, me te ki te kawe i roto i tāutanga atu. Kei te tino maha tikanga mō te whakapuru poraka nui whakamahia i roto i te hanga o ngā whare me ngā rauhanga ahumahi.

3) Wehea atu. kawea tāutatanga i roto i runga i te pūtake o te hoahoa taua - te momo tuatahi, na tetahi, me ētahi atu

4) Matatini. Pūtau i roto i tenei take kėia he kōwae taketake, i runga i nei te tāutanga. Whakapuru tikanga rite ki tenei parau tumu fakahu'unga e tino tāuta te tuatahi he pūtau kotahi, ka te muri.

5) roa, me te hake. E kawea Works i roto i te ahunga me puta noa te hanganga ranei, i runga i te hoahoa me te taumahinga o te ahanoa rānei.

Walling i te hanga o ngā whare me ngā hanganga

Ko te tino whānui, me te pinepine whakamana te tāutanga o te taiepa i roto i te hanga o ngā hanganga o te kaha tikanga. eke te hanganga o runga i runga i te whakatakotoria kua iho te raro. huānga katoa kua oti tonu te whakanui ake i runga i te rohe katoa o te whare. I roto i tenei tikanga whakapuru e whakamahia wehe whakauru ranei.

Kei roto i te tikanga i roto i te faaamuraa taiepa tāutanga i runga ki raro. Ki te papa te tihi ano he mema hanganga ranei e titia ä raro. Tuatahi, kei te whakatau i te reira papa katoa o te whare, a ka rere i te taiepa.

Methods o retireti, te hurihanga, me te whakaminenga anga poutū i runga i te tari tuatahi o te whenua, a ka atu neke te reira ki tona wāhi tūturu.

whatunga Engineering. ngōwaea

E tīpakohia whakaminenga taura i roto i ona tikanga whakapanga i runga i ngā āhuatanga maha rānei. Ko reira pērā i te wāhi, kaha, maha o waea, parahanga, te wai whenua, te mana supply, te mana kohi.

Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te taura, ka e kia whakatakotoria waho te whare i raro i ngā whare i ngā hanganga ranei ranei mo te ngā take, ka kia kia tikanga whakapanga e whai ake: parepare, hongere, kauhanga, ārai te taiwhanga me trestle. I roto i te mahi, i te tikanga o te whakaminenga taura whiwhi whakauru.

Ki te hanga te gasket e o waea i roto i te whare ahumahi noho ranei, Tei hoki te tukanga i runga i te mea rauemi i hanga o taiepa, tuanui me papa. Ko te ara matua o te whakapanga te taura i roto i Stroebe, i roto i te gofrorukav taiepa hipoki ranei.

Trenchless whakapanga o whatunga whaipainga

Te nuinga taputapu e whakatakotoria raro i roto i ngā huarahi. Heoi, kei te tata whakamana tonu te wāhanga faaineineraa trenching. Ko te wā-kai, me te tukanga puhoi tenei. Ngā mihi ki ngā whanaketanga hou i roto i te pūtaiao, me te hangarau, he tāutanga trenchless hou. Methods o tāutanga te whakamahi i tenei tikanga tukua te whakamahi o te maha iti o ngā kaimahi, me te whakaiti i te wa i roto i te whanaketanga o whatunga engineering. Tenei pera-ka karanga tikanga kōhao whakapae. Hei kawe i taua mahi titau te kaiwhakahaere drill Rig motuhake, aroturuki me te faatitiaifaroraa i te ahunga o tona mahi.

Tāutanga o ngā hanganga whakarewa

Tino maha i roto i te mahi hanga pērā i hanga o ngā whare, me te whakapanga o taputapu, kua whakamahia ngā hanganga maitai. I roto i te nuinga o te wā he kaiarahi mo te mahi atu i runga i te whakaminenga o ngā āhuatanga o te ahanoa ratou. Na reira, kia tīpakohia hanganga o whakarewa tikanga whakapuru tango ki pūkete nga āhuatanga me whakaaro o ngā tūemi kohia. He taea te kōwhiringa e whai ake nei:

1) paiherea;

2) te punga;

3) concreting;

4) te tutaki;

5) ngā.

Nei o ratou ka whakamahia mo te ahanoa ngā, kua whakawhanakehia ai i runga i te atamira hoahoa.

Ko te ariā o te mahi tāutanga hangarau

e kore e taea te whakamana i tetahi ahanoa whakaturia kahore te hoahoa qualitatively me hanganga ture. hangarau tāutanga me tona pipiki ki whai wāhi kore anake ki te mahi mō te wā roa-muri, engari kī hoki te ngaro o te faaipoiporaa fakatonutonu. Hangarau ko e whai ake:

• Te hanga i tētahi kaupapa.
• Teuteu ki he tāutanga. Kei roto te reira i manatokonga o tautukunga ki te kaupapa, te kounga o te hua meinga e tāutanga o tapanga.
• Whakakotahi o kōpuku. Enei momo o te mahi i mahi, ki te mea tetahi kaupapa. Kei te haere wāhanga te hua ki te mahi i atu takahanga.
• Construction o tīrewa me pa'epa'e mo te waka tāutanga.
• Rewa me supply hanganga i runga i te wahi o te mahi.
• tāutanga Rangitahi, tirohanga ōrite te tikanga kaupapa, paraire te hangahanga.
• Mau mai i te hanganga ki te wāhi kaupapa.
• Ko te whakatika whakamutunga o te ahanoa i roto i te wāhi kua hoatu.

Tohutohu mō te mahi whakaminenga

Ko nga mea katoa i te hua ranei tetahi mahi hoahoa hiahiatia mō te tāutanga, i reira he tohutohu tāutanga. Hoki ia ahanoa, whakawhanakehia ratou tūranga me ngā rautaki e ngā nga manuhiri ki te taputapu hou, me te whanaketanga o ngā taputapu mo te mahi. Kei roto i te ā-:

• Kupu Whakataki. whakaahuatanga General o te ahanoa, e me te tāuta.
• tohutohu tāutanga General. Whakaahua ana i te tikanga whānui o te mahi, i waho tango ki pūkete nga āhuatanga o te ahanoa.
• Kia pehea te tika ki te kawe i roto i te mahi faaineine.
• Kia mōhio hoki tāutanga, me te tauranga. No te tohutohu i runga i te peculiarities o te mahi me te hononga ki ētahi atu āhuatanga.
• Te whakaaetanga me te tauranga whakamutunga.
• Whakarerekētanga me te whakaū.
• Tukunga o te ahanoa eke tuhinga ranei.

Haumaru i roto i te mahi tāutanga

A, no te raveraa i tetahi mahi tāutanga e pā ana tika me ū ki te haumaru. Rāhuitia te whakauru o tangata i raro i te 18 tau ki te whakatinana ratou. I roto i te kaimahi me kawea i roto i whakangungu haumaru. I runga i te pae rokiroki tika o ngā rauemi, me ngā wāhanga, me te whakarite taiapa me nga tohu i roto i ngā wāhi mōrearea. Me ngā kaimahi katoa e mahi ana i tāutanga i te teitei ki te potae me whitiki haumaru.

I mua i ara he ahanoa ki te tāutanga tirohia te tika o nga huaki katoa. Kaua e whakanekehia atu te ahanoa mo nga kaimahi, e te raveraa i tāutanga tēnei wā. Ka taea te tukua te hangä ki te wahi tāutanga anake i runga i te waho o te whare. I muri i te hanganga tuku te tuatahi poto whakaritea, me te ka tukua te i te taputapu toronga.

A, no te whakatū me te tāuta i ngā hanganga e tika ana ki te mau i te hangarau e ekeeke. A, no te tīpakohia tika tikanga (i te wā hoahoa), a mano ka whai mahi nui ahanoa tāutanga tautukunga.