Wāhanga pouri o te ahotakakame

Hāora - te wāhanga tino nui o te oraraa o te ora katoa i runga i te whenua. Koinei, tenei huānga i runga i te ao, ahakoa tona kukū i roto i te rangi te taniwha, heke rite ki te tahi mau pūtaiao, he vospolnimo tawhē. Ahakoa atu mīharo te mea te reira e te synthesized reira i nui atu i te rauemi e wātea ana - te wai, te rā me te hauhā. Na te mauria i te tukanga o tenei tipu whakamiharo.

O te akoranga, e korero matou e pā ana ki ahotakakame - he hanga whakamiharo o te natura. Ahakoa te meka e kua ata ako kaipūtaiao tenei take, faahiti i te takahanga o te ahotakakame i roto i te taiwhanga mariko i teie mahana.

Ka taea te wehea tēnei tukanga ki e rua ngā wāhanga:

• tauhohe marama-ti'aturi o te ahotakakame.
• wāhanga Dark o te ahotakakame.

Ko te tino mārama ratou ingoa e te wahi tuatahi o te tukanga e wahi i roto i te marama, i te mea, ki te whai wāhitanga o te rā. puta te reira i anake i roto i te rau matomato o te tipu, no te mea i roto i ratou chloroplasts - āhuatanga motuhake i roto i te kiriuhi o nei te kōtuitui ATP - rāpoi ngota i roto i nei rongoa pūngao te.

A, no te reira he pūaho te rā i runga i te rau o ngā tipu kei roto chlorophyll e tupu tahuri te rā pūngao ki te pūngao o ATP rāpoi ngota kua whakahuatia i runga ake. Ano, e tika ana ki te whakakorenga o te ngota e rua hauwai i ngā rāpoi ngota wai (hoki e puta mā te whakamahi i te rā) i hanga NADPH rāpoi ngota. tangohia whāwehe o te muingota wai te o ngota hauwai e rua, e noho ai ki te hāora noa, e tomo te kōhauhau. Ko te kupu, nga hua o te ahotakakame i roto i te wāhanga marama - ko:

• hāora;
• pūngao rāpoi ngota ATP;
• NADP hauwai ngota H2.

Ata whakairohia, e kore ko te whāinga hopea te hanganga o te hāora i roto i tenei tukanga. 'I hono kehé, ko reira he pānga taha. Next mai te wāhanga pouri o te ahotakakame chemosynthesis ranei, e he tika hua wāhi o te wāhanga tuatahi. Kia whai whakaaro ano tatou i te reira i roto i te kōrero atu.

Ko e mo'oni, e kore ko te whakaaro o te tukanga i te hanganga o te hāora. Ko te wāhanga pouri o te ahotakakame e wahi i roto i tetahi atu wahi o te rau - i roto i tona stroma pūkano tipumata. Na roto i te mutunga o te tipu wāhanga marama te whakahaere take nui faahiahia o ngā rāpoi ngota pūngao - ATP me NADP H2 wahi konei marama he kore e tika. Ko reira i roto i e synthesized enei rāpoi ngota āhuatanga organic. Ko reira arorau e te raruraru o te ATP pūngao muingota - te supply pūngao mō ngā tukanga o te kōtuitanga, i te tūranga o NADPH H2 - whakaora.

I te timatanga o tenei wāhanga, kua oxidized he rāpoi ngota whakaiti kaihoko, ai nga ngota hauwai e rua ngaro, e te putanga homai muingota parakore o NADPH. I te wa ano, homai ATP he toenga waikawa phosphoric, tahuri ki ADP. Ēnei tukanga e rua puta i roto i te kopu o te pepa. ka hoki mai i te rāpoi ngota hou whiwhi ki te pareparenga o te rau, e hanga ana e ia taea ki te faahiti i te tukanga katoa o te wāhanga marama. Heoi, e kore ko te matua tenei tukanga o te ahotakakame, tatou tāutuhia anake cyclicity me raupapa o ngā mahi e puta i roto i te rau.

Ko te hua whakamutunga o tenei wāhanga riro kūhuka - he pūhui organic, whakaritea ki te huka ohie. Hoki te wā tuatahi i te whakamārama taipitopito o te kōtuitui o tenei muingota taea Melvin Calvin. I kitea te reira e e whakaaro rāpoi rua hei wāhanga o te wāhanga marama - pūngao, me te whakaiti i kaihoko - e whai wāhi i roto i te kōtuitanga. Atu āhuatanga nui mō te hanga huka ohie e 6 ngā rāpoi ngota o te hauhā (CO2), ngota hauwai 24 6 ngā rāpoi ngota o te wai:

6SO2 + 24h + ATP C6H12O6 + 6N2O.

He nui te wāhanga pouri o te ahotakakame o te tipu, no te i roto i te tua ki te kūhuka i roto i tenei wā hua he momo o waikawa amino, nucleotides, waikawa ngako me te nonireka.

Ahotakakame - he tukanga māori tino ahurei. Reira ko kore anake te kī ki te mau tonu i te taumata tamau o te hāora i roto i te huru, me te apa pekerangi, engari ano hoki ko te tino o te āhua, ina e hanga nga mea timatanga i inorganic organic.