Voltaire: whakaaro taketake. Ko nga whakaaro taumauri o Voltaire

Rua tekau-tuatahi i roto i Whiringa 1694 i Paris i te tama mōhiohio utuafare. I te ingoa i te tamaiti François-Mari Arue (ingoa pene - Voltaire). I kuraina ia i te kāreti Jesuit. hiahia te whānau katoa ki Voltaire mahi ture, engari anga ia tuhituhi. meinga Francois pūhohe, Heoi, kihai i ana hihiritanga whakaaetia e te aukatinga, no te mea ko ia he manuhiri auau ki te whare herehere, no te o ana rotarota.

O ko e tau'atāina Voltaire, whakaaro whakaaro me whakaaro i maia me te maia. I roto i te kōrero, ka tomo ia rite te philosopho rongonui, kaituhi, pehe me te toa ki obscurantism, whiwhita, exposer o te Ekalesia Katorika.

Kua Voltaire kua peia i France, a pau e rave rahi tau i roto i Ingarangi, i reira i hanga e ia tona outlook. A, no te hoki ia ki tona whenua Māori, i tuhituhi ia "Letters Philosophical", a ko te kupu riro rongo. Na he tokomaha mohio nei Voltaire. Ko nga whakaaro o te fakamaama, e tae mai i roto i roto i te mahi i faahitihia, i muri whakawhanakehia e maha karaipiture hītori, me te taumauri.

whakahē Francois te pūnaha feudal i te hi'oraa o te rationalism. hiahia e ia haere noa mō te iwi katoa. Rawa i maia enei whakaaro. Kei te matau te reira ko Voltaire ia. Ko te whakaaro taketake o te haere noa heke ki te meka e whakawhirinaki anake i runga i te ture, e te mea pai, kia rite ki te philosopho whakaaro ia. Heoi, i kore i mohio ia taurite. ka mea a Voltaire e kore e taea te wehea ki taonga, me te rawakore, e kore te mea te reira te whakatutuki. Ko te puka pai o te kāwanatanga whakaaro ia he käwanatanga.

tuhituhi Voltaire e rua tuhi me te whiti. A feruri i ona fakatupu pai.

"Candide"

whakamāoritanga te ingoa rite "kanapa ma". Ko te kōrero kua tuhituhia ki te kawa me te korokë, whakaata reira Voltaire i te ao o te tutu, wairangi, ino, me te tukino. he wahi e wehingia ana taua o rapunga whakaaro i roto i te pato'iraa ki tona hero, tona ngakau pai, me te whenua-utopia - Eldorado, e ko he moe, me te ahua o nga mana'o o Voltaire. Whakaputaina mahi hetia mai i rāhuitia te reira i roto i France. Tenei mahi - he momo o te whakautu ki te whawhai i roto i Europa ki te kau Sēsutí. Ko te pana o tona hanganga ko te ru Lisbon.

"Wahine o Orleans"

Tenei pehepehe, te mea i tuhituhia e Voltaire. Ko te ariā matua kei te anö (poto te akoranga) mahi whakaaro o te wā te wā New. Topeha me korokē mahi, î ki ara, te whakawhetai ki te huatau o te kāhua i te pānga i runga i te whanaketanga atu o te whiti Pākehā.

"History o Charles, Kingi o Sweden"

I tuhituhia tenei faahiahia i runga i rua piriniha faahiahia o Europe (Pita te nui me Charles). whakaahua ana Reipa te pakanga i waenganui i a ratou. haurongo Romanticized o te rangatira o Kingi Charles, te aito o Poltava, kanapa, me te colorfully whakaahuatia e Voltaire. mahi tika e pa te ngakau. I te wa, ka kawea rongo mahi ki Voltaire.

"Ko te rangatira o Papurona"

Te mahi taketake, i ko wāhanga o te huringa o ngā kōrero o te tangata tohe. Ko te whakaaro taketake: te tangata i whanau ki te kia hari, engari he uaua te ora, no te mea kua ki te mamae ia.

Voltaire: te ariā matua poto e pā ana ki tona huru ki te Atua

ka hoatu e philosopho i roto i tona mahi wahi motuhake o te karakia. Te Atua, kanohi ia te whakaaro, e riro nei ki raro ki nga ture o te natura. e kore e Voltaire rapu tohu o te oraraa o te Kaha Rawa. tuhituhi ia: "anake e taea te whakakahore te haurangi te oraraa o te Atua, te take whakapono ia i roto i tona aroaro." te mea poauau philosopho e kua hanga i te ao katoa i tahaki, kahore tetahi whakaaro whakaaro ranei. Ko tino ia e te meka e io te whakaaro tangata te oraraa o te Atua, nana nei i homai te kaha ki te whakaaro tatou.

whakaaro taumauri o Voltaire mo karakia he rawa pahuhu, me te whakahē, he ratou whakapono atu matapo atu take. Hei tauira, he aha ki te whakamatau i te oraraa o te Atua, ki te tuhituhi ki a koutou e kore e hiahia ana i te reira ki te kia whakapumautia? Ia i mea ano e hanga e te Atua te whenua me te mea faufaa, a ka, te āhua, mau i roto i o ratou tohenga, kerēme e te Atua, me te mea tīariari i te viivii ore o te āhua o mea.

Philosopho i roto i ana i tuhituhi ai parau tatou e kore e kore kura me kahore tohenga kia ruarua ia te whakapono. Ko te aha ko te Voltaire karakia. kohuatia iho nga whakaaro matua i roto i te ao o te haapa'oraa ki te meka e kārangarangatia nui atu mōrearea atheists, mai te muri e kore e rimurapa "tautohetohe toto." kua Voltaire kua mo te whakapono, engari ngakau rua te karakia, no te mea he reira hoki ngā ia ratou. Atheists, mo te wahi tino - pūkenga ke pato'iraa o te karakia nei tīmata no te mea noa o te hunga e tuku ki reira, whakamahi kahore whakapono i roto i te pai, mau opuaraa ngākau atawhai.

I roto i ana i tuhituhi ai, Voltaire whakatika ta'e, ahakoa reira ta e he reira tuukino ki te viivii ore. Philosopho tino e e ora atu oaoa te hapori o te hunga whakaponokore pūtaiao, arahina anake i te ture morare, me, nui atu i kārangarangatia nei patu te haurangi.

tonu Mind atheists, no te mea i whakakahoretia e te reira i kārangarangatia. Ko te kaha o te tangata ki te whakaaro kua tu tonu hoki Voltaire i te wahi tuatahi. Na reira pā ta'e philosopho ki te kino iti, i toe pono ki te Atua, engari tiaki te whakaaro tangata. "Ki te kore i te Atua, e whai i te reira ki te kia whakaaro" - rite Voltaire mea, heheu poto tenei tauākī tūnga o te philosopho, Me whakapono katoa.

Ngaahi Fakakaukau e pā ana ki te takenga mai o te ao

e kore ko Voltaire nounou tao'a na roto i te tikanga truest. Ko te take i te tangata tohe wāhanga anake wehe tenei ariā. Voltaire i roto i tona mahi tamata ki whakaata i runga i te mea, me te haere mai ki te mutunga e pā ana ki tona mure ore, e hāngai ana ki te whakaaro o te materialists, engari e kore ngā āhuatanga katoa o ratou mau haapiiraa Francois-Marie hea. mea te Paraimere, e kore e whakaaro ia, kia rite ki te hanga i te reira e te Atua, engari e tika ana te wahi takoto kau mo te oraraa o te Atua.

ki tonu Voltaire faahitiraa i te whakaaro nui ( "Ko fakataimí te ao, ki te reira ko te wahi takoto kau"), atu tohe e whai ake: "Na, i te mea ki te tīariari i tetahi take."

I roto i o tetahi mea, kahore tupu (Voltaire). Quotes tukua tenei tangata ki te whakaaro. I roto i te tirohanga o te philosopho, mea e mangere, no te mea he reira te Atua e neke te reira. Tenei whakaaro ko tohu atu o te oraraa o te Atua.

Ngaahi Fakakaukau Voltaire (poto) ona whakaritenga e pā ana ki te wairua

Philosopho me enei take mau te tirohanga o materialists. whakakahore Voltaire e kua hanga iwi ake o rua hinonga - wairua, me te mea faufaa, e kua hono ki tetahi ki tetahi te hinaaro o te Atua anake e. Ko te philosopho whakapono e whakaaro he kawenga mo te tinana, kahore te wairua, na reira, te matemate whakamutunga. "Ko te kaha ki te ite, ki mahara, ki te moe - ka ko huaina te mea ko te wairua" - Ko te tino ngā mea Voltaire. Quotes pākiki ia, a i runga a ratou he utu whakaaro.

E te wairua o te mate

He kahore hanganga rauemi te wairua o te tangata tohe. Ana tēnei meka e faataa te reira e te meka e kore matou e whakaaro i te wa (hei tauira, ina moe tatou). kihai i whakapono ia i roto i te whakahekenga o wairua. I muri i te katoa, ki te i te take tenei, na, he tangata heke, e kia te wairua taea ki te whakaora i te katoa putu te matauranga, whakaaro, a kahore te tenei tupu. Otiia whakanonoi te tangata tohe e te hoatu te wairua ki a tatou e te Atua, kia rite ki te tinana. Tuatahi, i roto i tona tirohanga, te mate (ki te whakamatau kihai i ia).

ahakoa he rawa te wairua

He aha i tuhituhi Voltaire e pā ana ki tenei take? Ko te whakaaro - e kore e mea faufaa, no te mea e kore e reira i ngā āhuatanga rite ki reira, mo te tauira, e taea e kore te wehea reira.

mau mana'o

Iteraa mo te philosopho tino nui. tuhituhi Voltaire e te matauranga me whakaaro tatou riro i te ao i waho, a tauturu ia tatou i roto i taua haapao reira. e kore parau tumu me whakaaro hohonu te tangata. Hoki e hiahiatia ana pai te māramatanga o te ao kei te ki te whakamahi i te maha o ngā rongo, whakaaro pera Voltaire. E hāngai ana te whakaaro taketake o te kaupapa i runga i te matauranga i ko ia e wātea ana. ako François nga mana'o, whakaaro, tukanga whakaaro. e tokomaha kore noa whakaaro e pā ana ki ēnei take. Kei te ngana Voltaire kore anake ki te whakamārama, engari ki te matau ano hoki te mauri o te huarahi o te take mai o mana'o me whakaaro.

Whakaaro huritao i runga i te ora, te mau parau tumu, me te tikanga o te maere e Voltaire, i takoha ki te faahohonu i to ratou matauranga i roto i ēnei wāhanga. i rawa matatau mo te wa i roto i te mea i whanau ia i te whakaaro o te iwi. Ko te philosopho whakapono e ora ko te mamae Atua-i homai me nga ahuareka. Mahi o te iwi arahina e te mahi. A feruri i te ratou mahi ahu ki te torutoru, a mahi e ratou i te reira i roto i te "take motuhake". He maha mahi e titiro ki te kia meinga e te hinengaro, me te mātauranga, maha nga instincts anake hoki te iwi. Iwi ihora rapu ahuareka, anake, o te akoranga, e e rapu mō ngahau me te mohio atu. mahi tangata katoa whakamārama Voltaire te aroha o kita. Heoi, i te tumuaki tuarua e kore e Francois karanga, i runga i te anga ke, whakaaro te viivii ore o te rongoa mo mate o te hinengaro. ka tuwhaina e ia te iwi ki e rua ngā kāwai:

- Personalities i roto i te aroha anake ratou (hunga ia oti).

- Ko te tangata e mea patunga tapu ratou ake ngākau nuitanga mo te whakaaro ki o te hapori.

rerekē te tangata i te kararehe e pai te ora anake i te parapara, engari ano hoki morare, aroha, ture. i hanga e Voltaire taua whakatau.

Ko te whakaaro taketake o te kaupapa ko te ohie. Te taata e kore e taea e ora i waho ture, no te mea kahore te wehi o te whiu, hapori e ngaro i te tirohanga tika, me te hoki ki te prehistory. E hāngai ana te faaroo philosopho tonu i runga i rite te pai kia rite ki te tika ki te mahi i tetahi mea ki hara ngaro, a taea hinengaro mutu ratou, no te mea ko reira te kaitiaki kitea o reira e kore e taea mawhiti. ngā tonu Voltaire te ariā o te whakapono me te karakia, i waho te tuatahi i ia i mohio o te oraraa o te taata nei rite te katoa.

Whakaaro i runga i te Poari Whakahaere

Reira na tupu e kore e tino tika nga ture, a kihai te kawana i ora ake ki tūmanako, me e kore e kawe i roto i te hinaaro o te iwi. Na ka kupu te hapori, no te mea kua whakaaetia te reira ki te tupu. Koropiko o te Atua i roto i te ahua o te ariki Voltaire whakaaro poauau, he aha i i taua wa rawa ngāwari. ka mea te philosopho e kore e taea te kororia ia he mea a te Ariki ōrite ki te kaihanga.

Ko te aha ko Voltaire. Ko te ariā matua o tenei tangata, o te akoranga, te awe i te whanaketanga o te hapori.