Vernadsky State Geological Museum: History. Museum o ratou Geology. Vernadsky: wāhitau, whakaahua

State Geological Museum. Vernadsky - Ko tetahi o nga pokapū rangahau nui me matamua whai wāhi i roto i te ako o ngā kohuke i roto i to tatou whenua, me te i roto i te ao.

prehistory

Tona hanganga o te Geological Museum o ratou. herea Vernadsky M. V. Lomonosovu. Ko tenei pūtaiao Russian i roto i te wā o to ratou whakangungu i roto i Germany, ua ite te akiaki o whakakotahi "te pukapuka" whakaako o pūtaiao taiao ki te mahi. Tau i muri mai, i runga i tona kaupapa i whakapumautia e te University o Moscow, a i roto i 1755-m-mohiotia takoha tutu'a Demidovs whānau tenei institution "tari Henkel kohuke." I hokona te reira i roto i te pa Saxon o Freiberg, ka kawea ki a Siberia. I reira, i runga i nga whakahau o Akinfiya Nikiticha Demidova, ka ia kapi kohuke e i keria i roto i ona maina. I muri i te matenga o nga tama a tona papa faaoti ki te kawe i teie nei ngā kē o 600 mau tao'ao onge i roto i te pane a te kohinga utu nui, me te ringa o ki te Tatau Shuvalov ki te faaî i te kohinga whare wānanga.

taonga hanga

I roto i te 1759 hoatu kohinga o Demidov i runga i whakaatu i roto i te whare pukapuka o te katoa whare kaiwhakaranu e, te wahi i puritia ia tae noa ki te hanganga o te Whare Wānanga Museum o Natural History. I muri i 40 tau, te tahi atu melo o te Demidovs puninga - Paora G. - tonu te iho o tona koroua, papa me te matua keke, he patu whakahere i te ako institution mātauranga o hītori taiao, he whare pukapuka whānui, me te "whakapaipai sohranny" o 100 000 moni, te moni i nei pai whai ki te haere ki nga wahi o .

Mai i 1804 ki te 1812,

I roto i te 1804, i muri i te whakatūnga o Demidov Heamana o Natural History Museum o te ratou Future Geological. i oho Vernadsky ki te whare i runga i Moss, i tangohia e 220 mita pūrua. m roto i te ha'utiraa, a i roto i 1805 i whakawhitia e ia ki te taha ki maui o te raua pakihi, whakarato noho hoki whakaaturanga 6 ruma. I roto i te ahi Moscow i roto i 1812. tahuna te whare taonga ki raro, me te whare wānanga. A ahakoa kua taea ki te tango i roto i te nuinga o te kohinga nga tauira tino faufaa o nga kaiputaiao i ngaro.

fanauraa

I muri i te pana o te Wīwī timata ki te whakahoki i te kohinga mā te hoko whakaaturanga hou, me te i ngā takoha.

I roto i ngā, i te 1813 i hoatu te inaianei Nikolay Nikitich Demidov te whare taonga he kohinga hou o kohuke me te marama i muri mai ka whakatutehu ia ki te whare i runga i Nikitskaya.

ngā mahi pūtaiao

I te 1880 ka whakaritea e ia te kaitiaki o te rūnanga arowhenua o te tino Russian kaitātai me paleontologist A. P. Pavlova, a 12 nga tau i muri mai, i tangohia tenei pou i te taha o V. I. Vernadsky. Ngā mihi ki a ratou mau tautooraa, kua meinga te whare taonga he pokapū rangahau pai-mohiotia, i reira ka anga ratou ki te tango i ona takahanga tuatahi i tonu he ākonga, a muri pūtaiao rongonui A. Fersman, KA Nenadkevich, A. Samoilov , me ētahi atu.

whakawhiti

I roto i te 1910, te karangatanga a Pavlov ko Vladimir Vernadsky ki te kāwanatanga ki te tīmata i te hanganga o te whare hou mo te whare taonga. Tenei whakatau, kia rite ki a ratou, ko ki hei te mea homai pai mo te tau o Lomonosov.

kitea Initiative kairangahau he whakautu, me i 1914 kua te nui e hiahiatia ana kua tohaina i te takotoranga kāwanatanga. I maoro te kaupapa RI Klein Moss tīmata te hanga o te whare hou, i te mea inaianei te whare matua, e whare te Museum o ratou Geology. Vernadsky. Ko te pakanga ko te take i tangohia e te nekehanga ki te whare hou wahi anake i roto i te 1918. Heoi, ka whakatuwheratia e tika ana ki hapehape whare taonga ki te iwi whānui anake i roto i te 1924.

Ko te turanga Geological Institute

Ko te akoranga o te ahumahi, i tangohia e te taitamariki kāwanatanga Soviet, kua takoha aro nui ki te whakangungu mo te maha o ngaio, tae atu ki te hunga e pā ana ki te keri. Ka rite ki te hua, i te 1930 whakapumautia te Moscow Geological haurapa Institute i runga i te kaupapa o te whare taonga, te Moscow Mining Academy, University o People me nga Kōhi Higher hoki Women.

Ko te wā hou

timata te wā hou i roto i te tau 1988, ka pumau te whakatau o te Kāwanatanga Soviet i te State Geological Museum. Vernadsky. 5 tau i muri mai i taea ki te kite i te whakaaturanga hou "Chronicle i Stone" nga manuhiri, ara i muri i tīmata 3 tau kua ki te mahi whare o ngā whakaaturanga rangitahi me ngā rauemi ataata, i whakahaere ngā mahi i runga i te popularization o pūtaiao.

Museum o ratou Geology. Vernadsky: whakaahuatanga o te kohinga

I roto i te fare o te pūtahi pūtaiao, me te mātauranga hoatu ake 300 mano whakaaturanga. I roto i tenei take, e tonu whakakiia e kitenga e pūtaiao kawea mai i ngā haerenga, me te mau horo'araa i hanga e te atawhai e tonu te whakarerenga iho o te Demidov moni. Nui te moni i roto i ngā manuhiri, ko te ruma tuatahi i huaina "Geological Kunstkammer". Ko te whakawhetai ki tenei kohinga o rarities Museum Geological ratou i te reira. Vernadsky rata ana ngā ākonga, he tokomaha o ratou i muri i taua haerenga puta moni i roto i te mineralogy. I roto i te "Kunstkammer" faaite kohuke tino ataahua, i tua atu i te āhua rerehua, te tae, me te hanganga.

Mai i reira, neke manuhiri ki te ruma i muri, i reira ratou e nehenehe e mauruuru i te mahi ahurei o whakairo e patua te huatau, me te hanga faahiahia te pūkenga o ratou kaihanga.

Ka taea hoki te kite i nga kaimatakitaki i nga whakaaturanga faufaa i te kohinga o Kaute Stroganov, Prince Gagarin, Rumyantsev me te tini ke atu. Ki te mahi i tenei, Me tika ratou ki te tuhituhi i te wāhitau o te Geological Vernadsky Museum (ul. Moss, 11, p. 11), me te haere ki reira wiki i muri.

Ētahi whakaaturanga ahurei

Haerenga ki te Geological Museum. Vernadsky, whakaahua o nei e whakaaturia i runga ake, ka taea ki a koe e kite i te whakaaturanga pono ahurei. I roto ia ratou:

• matapihi kohinga i hanga i te hinu ahi Tengiz;
• kātua rākau mātātoka i te US āhua o Arkansas tau o 220 miriona tau;
• rahi ametihita geode o te 1 ki te 0.7 m, kawemai i Brazil;
• kohinga pōhatu lithologic o tämän;
• charroit nui me whitu tahi kohuke tino onge me ētahi atu.

Na e matau ana koutou ki ta e taea e koe te kite mā te toro i te Geological Museum. Vernadsky (wāhitau kite. Runga ake), a ka hiahia pono ki te kia reira kia kite i te taonga o roto o te whenua.