Taumu'a me ngā momo o puranga

E te tikanga puranga mo te hanga o te turanga o whare, me whare mo te whakawhiti kawenga ki te whenua, me te ki ake i tona kaha kawenga-whanau. Foundation rerekē mauroa, tapatahi, me te whakaritenga utu iti. Ngā momo o puranga, tei runga i te rauemi i whakamahia, te hangarau ahumahi, āhua me te tikanga toua.

Ko te rerekētanga i roto i te ranunga hua ko ki te whakamahi i ngā rauemi, me te hangarau rumaki. I roto i tenei take, te tāutanga o puranga, tei runga i te āhuatanga rauemi me ngā āhuatanga hoahoa. I runga i ngā rauemi i te momo e whai ake nei:

• whakapakaritia puranga raima raima ranei;
• te rakau;
• whakarewa.

Ko hoki Whakarōpū tukanga hoki ratou rumaki ki te oneone, e pā ana hāngai ki te āhuatanga hangarau me te hanganga āhuatanga.

Puranga: momo o rumaki

Puranga i hanga o tetahi rauemi, ā, e wehea ki te whatanga pa. Tuatahi tono ki ngohengohe oneone o hohonu nui. tuku ratou i te kawenga i te mutunga o raro e kore anake, engari ano hoki i te waku i waenganui i te mata taha te oneone, me te. E werohia ana mutunga o raro tautokona i runga i te turanga mātotoru nei e tango te kawenga katoa.

puranga Construction tuati-ki te tikanga o te rumaki me te he o nga momo e whai ake nei.

1. Peia - te whakamahi i nifó hama ranei vibrators te whakamahi i ngā pūrere pēhi. Kei te tono te tikanga, ki te mea i reira he kahore atu whare e wiri i te whenua e taea te hoatu e te hohenga.
2. puranga anga Hollow. E rumakina ratou i roto i te whenua i te wiri ki te tango oneone i te roto me te whakakapi i te reira ki te kumete raima.
3. Kōhao - poka tāne, ka ki tonu ki te ranunga o te raima raima whakapakaritia ranei ki whakapakari huānga.
4. Tāngia - pai hanga kōpeketanga oneone, a ringihia ranunga raima.
5. Tīwiri - wiria ki te whenua.

Puranga o te rakau

turanga rakau whakamahia hoki nga whare marama, i roto i nei te taimaha ia 1 m ² o te rohe i raro i te paerewa. Ana whare tu mo te ora mahi taua. Ko te tikanga he rangitahi me pāmu whare, toa iti, hake motokā, toa kawhe tenei. e kore e hoki taua wāhi e hiahiatia ana ruruku utu hāngai ki ngā hanganga pūmau.

Whakaröpütia Ngā momo o puranga o te rakau kia rite ki te momo o te rakau i whakamahia ki te hanga a ratou. E hanga ana ratou o te rimu, puruhi, hita, larch, oki, me te pera i runga i. D. Rangitaki tango tika, me te e purea i te kiri. hanga roa puranga te 4.5 ki te 16 m me te diameter o te 20 cm. Ki te tino kătahi, kua nui haere puranga rakau ki te mōrahi o ngā huānga e wha. Ko te mutunga raro o te paraoa i runga i te tihi, he rite ki te 1.5-2 kātua diameter te roa o nei. I te oneone mātotoru rawa totoka ranei i te raro o te hu whakarewa. mutunga o runga tiaki mowhiti whakarewa (ioka) hoki te tiaki ki deformation ka peia.

I mua i puranga ruku impregnating hanganga i te pirau: pupuhi paninga motuhake. I reira anō pani ratou ki te hinu creosote osmolkoy rongoā ranei me takai takaia.

I raro i nga pou turanga te nuinga tāne pai ko 1.5 wā diameter nui. tautoko raro whakamahia mō te kohatu ranunga raima ranei. I muri i te tāuta i amo a tanumia mau tamped. A, no te mahi puranga rakau tika tukinotia ake ki te 20 tau.

whakapakaritia puranga raima

Kia whakaorangia hoki puranga ki te pae rite i roto i te puka o kurupae ringihia ki te pokepokea ai eke nei i roto i te poka tāne ranei.

Types mahuahua hanga taea e a tawhio Tapamaha ranei, ki te pito koikoi raro. Roa ko te 16 m, te rahi i roto i te wāhanga ripeka - i te 20 ki te 40 cm.

Ko te hua tino noa o te wāhanga ripeka tapawha, rite iti mahi kaha, me te ake mātanga ki te hanga.

Puranga turanga, momo o puranga

Kei te hanga te turanga i te rōpū o puranga, hono i te kurupae runga papa (mōkihi turanga) ranei. puranga kotahi te tu nui iti ahotea whakaritea ki te taimaha o te hanganga aboveground. Na reira, kua hanga e ki ngā rōpū te tautoko.

1. puranga nukurau

I mua i te hama puranga ki te oneone, te tuatahi tāne he poka te reira ki te hohonu o te 1.5 m, whakaurua nei tīwae te. Na ka tukua te tap e ki te hama ranei aia i te mahuahua te ki te hohonu e hiahiatia ana. ki tonu whakawātea whakarahinga rua ki raima.

puranga o te raima whakapakaritia ateatenga ngā o ngā hononga piri e fehokotaki'anga raka ranei. I roto i to ratou wahi o raro he whenua, a ka kua ringihia te kumete raima o runga, ki te taea kōrero ki te turanga.

2. puranga hōhā

Ko nga momo o puranga mo te turanga hoki ngā te hoahoa, whakaputaina tika i runga i te pae hanga.

hangaia tautoko hōhā te e whai ake.

1. Ko te pai te whenua i runga i te hohonu o te puranga. Ki te mahi i tenei, tāne te whenua kei te ranei weropepahia. I roto i te tikanga tuatahi e taea te whakakaha taiepa whenua casing otinga paru ranei. Ki te eke i te wāhi o raro i raro i te pūrere whakawhänui motuhake tohu turanga i runga i te tokotoko drill.
2. Roto te whakaurua te puna ki te ngongo o te rauemi tuanui me te shuttering o nga rakau whare wha ki dressings whakapae.
3. ki tonu te wāhi roto i te te otinga raima ki te vibrator hiri.

puranga whakarewa

Ka rite ki puranga whakamahi i te kōtaha okeoke: ahau-kurupae, teihana putorino ranei. I te tahi taime hua ratou whakangungu mua whakamahinga-. Ki tenei mutu te Weld i waenganui i rua hongere, reira whiwhi i te ngongo tapawha.

Ka taea hoki e puranga o te wāhanga tuwhera. Ua riro raua na nga wahi kakano ia, huapae, ahau-kurupae.

whakamahia te konganuku e i roto i te wā i reira e kore e taea ki te whakatū i te puranga raima whakapakaritia. Ko reira māmā ki te whakapiki ake i rite, kătahi ki te whenua.

pūkete Metal whai kaha nui, i ngä ratou tanumia i roto i te whenua. e kore hoki te-wāhanga ripeka iti e wehi o inclusions pakeke ngaro kohatu oneone ranei.

Puranga aia ki te whenua he press toka ranei. I te hohonu o te 5 m te nui tono hama ā-.

Ngā momo i roto i puranga o ngā hua whakarewa - he tīwiri. Na roto i te whakarato i te kaha nui, he ratou turanga economical, me te hangarau o te raima. Puranga he korere tuwhera ki matatahi waho. E wiria ratou ki te whenua, kia rite ki pokekore, me te pupuri tonu tona hanganga, me te whakakīatotanga atu. Ko te kupu kua haukotia te reira i i tītaka i roto i te aronga whakamuri kia rite kore ki te haafaufaa i te āhuatanga o te turanga.

Ko te painga o puranga takahuri

puranga tīwiri i nga painga e whai ake nei:

• kore o te arearenga;
• taea o te hanga whare i roto i te whenua matatini me te whenua ngohengohe;
• noho whare hoahoanga i roto i runga i ngā wāhi rite-i hanga;
• kaha kawenga-whanau tiketike;
• kahore te na'ina'iraa;
• te kaha ki te tāuta i whakatata nga kōrero me i tetahi wa o te tau;
• mauroa.

Fundam o puranga takahuri tono i runga i te whenua ngawari, te wahi haumākū tiketike, mīti me te fluidity. Mai kore e taea te hanga te reira whawhe, engari he noa ki ngā momo katoa o te puranga turanga tenei drawback.

A, no te kia utu te kōwhiri i puranga takahuri whakarongo ki te āhuatanga e whai ake nei.

1. hanga te pūtake o te putorino hou te o te maitai ki te wariu , ka pani antirust-pono. kia te matotoru pakitara kore iti iho i te 4 mm, me matatahi - 5 mm.
2. kia te putorino maeneene i runga i te waho, kahore kohuki mekameka, me te mata - te puka tika.
3. Na roto i te kakano ia titauraa teitei kounga te kore e kore e pūhui ora i roto i screwing ki te whenua.

Ko nga momo e whai ake nei o puranga tīwiri:

• koranu he kaha nui o te mata ki te hononga pipe;
• fehokotaki'anga - kakano ia ki matatahi i runga i te tinana o te puranga;
• ngā, huihui i rua nga wahi - he mata tihi.

e kore e tīwiri puranga eke i roto i te wahi kamaka, me te kamaka, ahakoa i reira he taputapu motuhake mō te taua tāutanga.

Whakapuru puranga takahuri

1. tīpakohia rahi e tika ana te hāngai i runga i te tātai o puranga me te tātari oneone.
2. Hua tohu, a kua whakaturia te puranga ki te wāhi e hiahiatia ana.
3. Screwing hua taputapu motuhake, engari i ētahi wā ka taea e ā koutou, te whakamahi i te hua. whakamana te mahi i tenei 2-3. kia kore iti iho i te 1.5 m te hohonu.
4. tapahia mara puranga e ki te taumata kotahi.
5. Roto te putorino kia whakakiia raima.
6. Paiherea whakamutunga pōtae i runga i te tihi o nga puranga, a i muri i whakamana i tana taraputanga pae teihana rangitaki ranei. kaimono fehokotaki'anga e pani ki te waikura mastic.

mutunga

tono Hangarau i roto i te hanga o puranga hanga reira taea ki te whakaoti rapanga matatini te hanga o te ara māmā, me te utu o te whare, me ngā hanganga. Ko nga momo ngā o puranga, pērā i ētahi atu turanga, tukua ki te whakawhanake i wāhi raro i roto i tetahi oneone me i hanga ake wāhi.