Tauhohe kounga mō te organic matū ngota tīhiko, tīhiko

tauhohenga kounga ki matū pararopi, katote me tīhiko taea whakatau i te aroaro o ngā pūhui te whakamahi i te wātea, i roto i te nuinga o te wā tikanga ohie. Ka taea te kawea ratou i roto i te tikanga o ngā tohu, ngā waihā, waikura. Pūtaiao e tuatapapa i te āhuatanga, me te hanganga o ngā matū, tuku ki rite "matū". tauhohe kounga he wahi o te wāhanga mahi o tenei pūtaiao.

Whakarōpū o matū pararopi

Kua wehea matū katoa ki organic me inorganic. no te rōpū tuatahi ki enei akomanga o pūhui, pērā i tai, waihā (turanga, waikawa me te amphoteric) me waikura konei hoki ngā pūhui ohie (SІ2, I2, N2 me te tahi atu arā, o te huānga kotahi).

Mariao titoa o te māraa ļa o te whakarewa me te toenga anion waikawa. Ko te rāpoi ngota waikawa hanganga ngā H + tīhiko me ng ngota o ngā toenga waikawa. E tito waihā o tīhiko whakarewa me ng ngota i roto i te puka o te rōpū hydroxyl OH-. rāpoi Composition waikura ngā ngota o huānga matū e rua, hāora kotahi o ratou e hiahiatia te. Ka taea e kia ratou waikawa, taketake, me te amphoteric. Ka rite ki matau i to ratou taitara, he nehenehe o hanga akomanga rerekē o matū i roto i etahi tauhohe ratou. Ko te kupu, ki te waikura waikawa i te tauhohenga ki te wai te hanga i te waikawa me te taketake - he turanga. Amphoteric, i runga i ngā āhuatanga rānei, kia whakaatu āhuatanga o ngā momo e rua o waikura. Ko ētahi o ēnei rino, teriuma, konumohe, he tine, chromium, mata. He amphoteric hoki enei waihā. Ki te whakatau i te aroaro i roto i te otinga o ngā matū pararopi e whakamahia mō te kounga tauhohe katote.

He momo o matū waro

Tenei rōpū ngā pūhui matū, rāpoi i roto i te hanganga e hiahiatia ana e te ki ngā waro me te hauwai. Ka taea hoki i roto i ratou ngota ki te hāora, Nitrogen, te pūngāwhā, me te tokomaha atu āhuatanga.

E wehea ratou ki te akomanga matua e whai ake nei: ngā hopi, ngā waiwaro rua, alkynes, waikawa organic (ngako karihi kukū, waikawa amino, me ētahi atu), aldehydes, pūmua, te ngako, me te warowaihā. He maha tauhohe kounga i runga i te mea organic kawea i roto i te whakamahi i te whānuitanga o ngā waihā. Hoki enei tauhohenga taea te whakamahi pērā i te pāhare, waikura waikawa.

organics tauhohenga kounga

Kei te nuinga whakaritea te aroaro o waiwaro i te tikanga o te whakarerenga. Ki te tāpiri koe pāhare, e kore e discolor reira. He wera enei matū puru te marama mura. Ka taea te kitea e te tua ngā waiwaro rua o te wai pūkeha pāhare ranei. Rua e poapoa, mā te tauhohe i ki a ratou enei matū. taea hoki e te whakaritea te aroaro o te phenol mā te tāpiri i te otinga o te pūkeha. Ko te kupu riro te reira taekore me te hinga hohenga. I tua atu, e taea te kitea te aroaro o te taonga mā te whakamahi i te otinga pūhaumāota ferric e hoatu he tae puru-parauri mā te tauhohe i ki reira. tauhohe kounga mō ngā matū organic he waiwaihā te piha haapiiraa i roto i te tua ki te konutai ratou. I roto i tenei take, i te tipu hauwai. waiwaihā parariraa tahi e te mura puru marama.

Ka taea te kitea glycerin mā Cuprum waihā. Ko te kupu i hanga glycerate, e hoatu i te otinga o te tae cornflower. Ka taea e kitea te aroaro o aldehydes te whakamahi i Argentum waikura. Ka rite ki te hua, hua tenei tauhohenga Argentum parakore e tīwharawhara.

He he ano hoki te tauhohenga kounga mō te hāparo-tahi, kawea nei i roto i te whakamahi i parahi waihā. Me te hana hoki tona whakatinanatanga otinga. I roto i tenei take, me tuatahi huri i te reira i te tae ki te puru ki kōwhai, me te ka ki whero. Ka taea te kitea e te whakamahi i te waikawa pākawa pūmua. Ka rite ki te hua, taka reira hohenga kōwhai. Ki te tāpiri tatou Cuprum waihā, he reira papura. tauhohe kounga mō matū organic piha o te waikawa e whakahaeretia whakamahi tohu waikawa ranei pūhaumāota rino. I roto i te wā e rua, e taui te otinga tae ki whero. Ki te tāpiri tatou konutai pākawa waro tuku hauhā.

tīhiko tauhohenga kounga

Ka taea te whakamahi ratou ki te whakatau i te aroaro i roto i te otinga o ngā katote o tetahi konganuku. whakamātautau kounga i runga i te waikawa e ki te tāutu i te māraa o H +, ngā nei i roto i to ratou hanganga. Ka taea te mahi i tēnei i roto i ara e rua: na roto i te te whakamahi i tohu waikawa methyl karaka ranei. Ko te tuatahi i roto i te reo waikawa taui tona kara ki whero, te tuarua - i roto i te māwhero.

taea te kitea e ratou mura nga tīhiko o lithium, te konutai me te pāhare pāporo. tahuna Tuatahi i roto i te whero, te tuarua - he kōwhai, te tuatoru - te mura puru. E kitea katote konupūmā tikanga o te tāpiri rongoā o pākawa waro, i runga nei te hohenga ma.

ngota tīhiko tauhohenga kounga

Ko te noa tino o ratou - te tāututanga o OH-, ai taea e koe te kitea i roto i ranei i reira he whenua otinga. Ki te mahi i tenei, e hiahiatia tohu. Te reira i waipūhuitohukonu, methyl karaka, waikawa. Origin i roto i tenei taiao riro tae whero, te tuarua - kōwhai, tuatoru - Blue.