Wai pūkeha - te wairewa o te pūkeha

diluted te wai pūkeha te ki bromo wai. Ko tōna i roto i te whārite tauhohenga te nuinga o te wā i tuhituhia e te tātai - Br2, ahakoa te mea i roto i te otinga i roto i te ranunga o rua waikawa - HBrO (waikawa hypobromous) me HBr (waikawa hydrobromic). Tenei pūhui he tae kōwhai-karaka me te wāhi mīti āhua iti. Ko te āpitihāora kaha i te mea nehenehe i raro i ki te tikanga kawakore oxidize tīhiko taua konganuku - Cr ^+3, Mn ^+3, Fe ^+2, Co ^{₊ 2,} Ni ^+3. Addition o Br ₂ te whakaiti te uara pH (pH), no te mea Kei te wai pūkeha waikawa free.

Tenei taonga kaha matū, e taea ariu ki e rua matū pararopi, me te organic. A feruri i te tahi mau tukanga matū ki te pūhui homai.

whakarato te wai discoloration pūkeha tauhohenga kounga ki katoa waiwaro hamanga. Hei kawe i tenei whakamātau titau te nui iti o tetahi waiwaro rua waiwaro toru ranei i konatunatua i roto i te ipuipu ki _{te 2} Br. I roto i tenei tauhohenga te tua o ngā ngota pūkeha i te wahi o te here rua, takitoru ranei whaturama. Ko te ngaro o te tae kōwhai-karaka i roto i tēnei tauhohenga ko te tohu tangohia pūwaro unsaturation.

whakamahia te ki te hohenga i pūhui otinga bromo - te tauhohenga matū "wai pūkeha phenol". Ki te kawea te pāhekoheko o ngā matū i roto i raro i ngā āhuatanga anhydrous, ka tango i te hanganga o te tribromophenol o nga ra i te tokorua. Na reira, ka rite ki te whakakōkī, he nui iti o te H ₂ O.

wai pūkeha i roto i te taiwhanga rite e whai ake nei: ki te 1 ml o te pūkeha i tapiritia 250 ml o te wai māturu, i te whakaoho hakune. rongoa te otinga rite i roto i te ipu piri kati o te karaihe pouri. Ki te rite Br ₂ rongoa i roto i te marama te marama ranei i te pounamu, ka puta te whanaketanga hāora hoki o te ihirangi o te waikawa hypobromous. kawea te mahi i runga i te faaineineraa o te kaiwhakahohe i roto i roto i te autahu'araa fume. Mai te mea tāoke te pūkeha ano, a kei roto i te reira te wai pūkeha, he mea e tika ana ki te faaohipa tūpato ina mahi ki a reira.

He mea tika ki te tango ki pūkete te meka e i roto i te whakapā ki a Br ₂ ki te kiri puta rawa oranga, a taea te rongo roa meinga mariao. Ki te te taonga tomo te kiri, kia horoia ai ki te wai, a ka konutai pākawa waro. A, no te he mata marutanga nui pāpaka kiri hohonu ranei kiriwaho ato'a pania ki te hinu, i ngā NaHCO _3.

Kei te whānui whakamahia te wai pūkeha i roto i te tātari matū me te kōtuitui anō o ngā hua whaiwaro. Ko te kupu, tona whakamahi i roto i te hanga o te raau taero pūkeha-kei roto. A i konei ko reira e tika ana ki te kia tupato, no te mea Ka taea e ratou te whakamahi roa arahi ki te mate - bromism. Ko te tohu matua - lethargy, rohirohi, ohorere kiri. Hoki tango tere o katote pūkeha i te tinana dieting ki te ihirangi tote tiketike, me te nui o te inu. whakamahia atu te wai pūkeha te i ngā wāhanga takawaenga o te hanga retardants - matū e tiaki te pūhui organic o ignitions. Ka moe ratou papanga, rakau, hanga rauemi.