Tākuta Italian Lombrozo Chezare: biography, pukapuka, ngā mahi me ngā whakatutukitanga

Lombrozo Chezare - he criminologist rongonui, tākuta me te sociologist. Ko ia te kaiwhakaū o te kura Itāriana o te mātauranga tikanga taihara. I roto i tenei tuhinga, ka kia whakaahuatia tona haurongo.

Rangatahi me te mātauranga

whanau Lombrozo Chezare i roto i Verona i 1836. ko tino rawa hapu o te tamaiti, i rite puritia i he rota o whenua. I roto i tona tamarikitanga, ako Cesare Hainamana me reo hebera. Otiia i taka e ia ki te hanga i te mahi marino. Ko te mutunga o te pa i runga i utu o te whakatakotoria, fakamasiva rauemi, whai wāhi i roto i te whawhai oho i roto i te tangata taitamariki hiahia i roto i te mate hinengaro. Ko te tuhinga tuatahi i runga i te tumu parau whakaputaina i roto i te 19 tau i Cesare, haere i te manga hauora o te mātauranga (University o Pavia). korero ratou e pā ana ki te raruraru tākuta cretinism heke mai. Ua haapii te tangata taitamariki ia taua kaupapa uaua rite te akuaku pāpori me te ethnolinguistics. I te tau 1862 i whakaturia a ia ki te ahorangi o te rongoā, me muri mai - o te anthropology taihara me te mate hinengaro ture. arahina hoki Lombroso whare hauora o te mate hinengaro. He arataki i roto i tona hanganga hinengaro takaro te kaupapa o te positivism. Ko tōna postulate matua - whakaaetanga o te matua te matauranga pūtaiao, i whiwhi experimentally.

aronga tikanga tangata

Chezare Lombrozo te kaiwhakarewa o ngā tikanga tangata i roto i te ture taihara me te mātauranga taihara. Ko te āhuatanga matua o tenei au ko e i roto i te mātauranga taihara me tomo te tikanga o te pūtaiao taiao - kitea me te wheako. Na te tuakiri o te hamani me waiho he pokapū ako.

Ko te rangahau anthropometric tuatahi

I puritia ratou ki aivanaa i roto i te 60raa o te rautau tekau mā iwa. i te mahi Cesare tākuta, ka whai wāhi hoki i roto i te kamupene ki te whakakore i banditry i te tonga o Itari. Huihui e Ahorangi rauemi tauanga kua riro he takoha nui ki te whanaketanga o te mātauranga tikanga tangata taihara me te tiaki pāpori. tātarihia te pūtaiao te taunakitanga tëtehi ka mutu e nga tikanga pāpori-ōhanga rawakore i roto i te tonga o Itari, wāhi ki te whanau i roto i tenei rohe iwi hinengaro me anatomically momo anomalous. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, e mau tuakiri taihara enei. Tenei Pākatokato Cesare whakakitea e whakamātautau hinengaro, me te anthropometric. I tenei kaupapa, a ka hanga aromatawai o nga akiakinga o hara i mua-titiro. Kua werohia tona pūtaiao huarahi ariā te tūranga e pā ana o Criminology, i i whakanohoia te hopoi'a i runga i te tangata i takahi i te ture.

craniography

Lombroso, te rawa tuatahi o te kairangahau tono tikanga anthropometric te whakamahi i craniography. Cesare ine tēnei pūrere te rahi o te matenga, me te tangata whakapae. i whakaputaina nga hua e ia i roto i te mahi "Anthropometry 400 hara", i tukua i roto i te 1872.

Ko te ariā o "he tangata mahi kino whanau"

whakatakoto te pūtaiao reira i roto i te 1876. Ko reira ka mahue tona mahi "te tangata taihara." Cesare whakapono e kore e whiwhi hara, ara whanau. Ko, rite ki Lombroso, he hara - he hoki reira he āhuatanga tūturu, te mate whanau ranei rite. ka haere mai te ahorangi ki tenei mutunga mā te whakatairite i te hua o te rangahau o rerekē hinengaro, whaiaroaro, me te tinana o te kaimahi kino ki o ratou raraunga anthropometric. E ai ki a ia, te tangata hara, ko te heke te, e ërä i muri i roto i tona whanaketanga o te kukuwhatanga o te tangata tonu. Taua te takitahi e kore e taea te whakahaere i to ratou ake whanonga, me te ara pai - ki te pehea e o ia, ia hau te ora haere noa ranei.

He he ano hoki te whakarōpū o hara, whakatakoto e Cesare Lombroso. Ko nga momo o kaimahi kino, i tona whakaaro, ko: tahae, rapists, tahae, me kaikohuru. He āhuatanga tumu āhua atavistic e tohu te aroaro o te keno taihara me te slippage i roto i te whanaketanga i ia o ratou. Ahorangi stigmata tohaina (ngā āhuatanga tinana) me ngā āhuatanga hinengaro, ka āwhina i te aroaro o nei ki te tautuhi i te tangata, e hua ana ki te whanau o mau hinaaro taihara. Ko te huanga matua o te tangata hara whakaaro Cesare he para sidelong, kauae nui, rae iti, mingimingi tona ihu, me pera i runga i. D. hanga ratou aroaro e taea ki te tautuhi i te hamani i te aroaro o te kōmihana o te hara iho. I roto i tenei whakaaro, ka ui te pūtaiao ki te kukume kaiwhakawa o sociologists, tohunga tikanga me kaiwhakaako, me te pātai o te hara whakakapi te pātai o te harmfulness pāpori.

E te ara, i te kau e hanga inenga anthropometric i roto i tata whenua katoa o te ao. A he angamaheni kore anake mo nga ratonga haumarutanga me te ope tenei. Hei tauira, te matauranga o te anthropometry e hiahiatia ana i roto i te hanga o ngā harangotengote me ngā, me te mo te ako o ngā mākete mahi (kaha mahi).

huakore ariā

i tino tuwhena Cesare Lombroso whakaaro pūtaiao, me te kore e tango ki pūkete nga āhuatanga pāpori o te hara. Na reira, i whai wāhi te ariā o te pūtaiao ki te faaino koi. Cesare noa i ki fakamolū tona ake tūranga. I roto i ana mahi i muri mai, runga ia rite momo tikanga tangata tumu,% 40 anake o hunga hara. Ano, ka mohiotia e te pūtaiao te faufaa o te Nu-kore - oraraa totiare, me te psychopathological - nga take o te hara. I tenei kaupapa, ka taea te huaina reira he biosotsiologicheskoy ariā.

"Genius me te wairangi"

Mahalo te mahi tino rongonui Chezare Lombrozo. i tuhituhia "Genius me wairangi" e ia i roto i te 1895. I roto i tenei pukapuka, hoatu mua kotahi tuhinga matua te orometua. na ô te reira i: "Ko te poto - tenei mahi roro rerekē, e rohe ki āhotea haurangi." tuhituhi Cesare e physiologically rite ki nga geniuses pōlepole he mīharo noa. takina ratou te taua tauhohenga ki ari kōhauhau, me whakapapa me te iwi pā ratou whanau te ara ano. He maha geniuses ko wairangi. ngā enei: Schopenhauer, Rousseau, Newton, Swift, Cardano, Tasso, Schumann, Comte, Amps me te maha o toi me entertainers. I roto i te tāpiritanga ki tona pukapuka whakaahuatia Lombroso abnormalities o nga geniuses angaanga a hoatu tauira o mahi tuhituhi o kaituhi haurangi.

Sociology, hara tōrangapū

Tona wahi tino faufaa o te tupu i roto i te puka o te rangahau, i mahue Cesare hoki tenei ako. "Mua" tuhinga roa me te "revolution tōrangapū me te hara" - enei mahi e rua, tuhituhia i runga i te tumu parau. He rongonui i te pūtaiao kāinga tonu ēnei mahi. parare te āhuatanga o te hara tōrangapū i roto i Itari 19-20 rau i roto i te puka o te tautoitoi anarchist. korenga i Ahorangi reira i roto i te tirohanga, whakaaro ki te hara, e oti rawa te pipiri ore ki te pai utopian o te tika pāpori. Ko te āhua o taua pūtaiao whanonga faataa te hekenga o nga whāinga teitei o te tika pāpori, te pirau o kaitōrangapū me te raruraru o te manapori i roto i te Italian Pāremata.

Ko tētahi atu mahi rongonui o Cesare Lombroso - "Love i roto i te porangi." heheu te reira i te faaiteraa o te mau mana'o o te iwi hinengaro kino.

Kupu Whakataki ki te whakahaere tauhohe whaiaroaro

Cesare Lombroso, nei pukapuka e mohiotia puta noa te ao, hei kua tetahi o te tuatahi i whakamahia i roto i te pūtaiao whare whakawā ki te whakatutuki i whaiaroaro. I roto i te 1880, ka anga pūtaiao ine i te pini suspects me te pēhanga toto i roto i te tukanga uiui. Ko te kupu, i taea e ngāwari te tautuhi ia te takoto taihara pea e kore ranei. He pūrere mō te pēhanga whanganga me te ngātere i huaina ...

plethysmograph

I roto i te 1895, whakaputaina Lombrozo Chezare hua whiwhi i muri i te tono o te taiwhanga mea i roto i uiui. I roto i tetahi o enei akoranga ahorangi whakamahia "plethysmograph". ka mau te whakamātau wahi e whai ake: he parenga kohuru rapu ki te hanga i te whakaaro he raupapa o tātaitanga pāngarau. I roto i tenei take, tuhia he pini te pūrere tūhono. Na kua whakaaturia kaimahi kino pea te torutoru pikitia o ngā tamariki i patua (i roto ia ratou i reira ko tetahi hopuāhua o te kotiro kohurutia). I roto i te take tuatahi, peke tona pini, ka ko tata ki noa te tuarua. Mai i tenei Cesare mutu e harakore o te parenga. Na kua whakapumautia nga hua o te tūhuratanga i he tika ia. Ko reira pea te take i tuhituhia tuatahi i roto i te tuhinga o te whakamahi o te takoto pūoko, i arahina ki te wetenga. Na ka mea ia e kore e taea e aroturuki o tauhohe whaiaroaro tangata whakakitea anake te mōhiohio huna ratou, engari ano ki te whakatū i te harakore.

mate pūtaiao i roto i Turin i 1909.

Lombroso i Russia

whakaaro Criminology ahorangi i mohiotia whānuitia i roto i to tatou whenua. E māngai ratou e te maha o tona oranga, me putanga murimate o Cesare Lombroso: "E tai-taihara me te wahine kairau", "Anti-Semitism", "mua," etc. I roto i te 1897, ka haere mai tetahi pūtaiao ki te Congress o taote Russian nei i fariiraa tākare Italian. I roto i ana tohinoa, kitea Cesare e wā o tona haurongo. Ua faahapa oia ia te tikanga pāpori o te faito pirihimana Russian ( "natula o pehanga, hinengaro, whakaaro tuakiri") me te Mana.

Lombrozianstvo

I whānui tohaina te wā i roto i te wā Soviet me te aronga kura tikanga tangata whakaritea o te ture taihara. Ngā whakahē nga akonaki o Cesare He taihara whanau. whakapono jurists Soviet e he anga ke ki te huarahi taua te parau tumu o te Ture, me te he takotoranga reactionary me anti-motu mai whakahe i te mahi pāhoro o te iwi nana. pania te huarahi wä rītaha taua peka maha maitai ahorangi i roto i te ako i te take pakiaka o te tautohe me te extremist momo o te aroraa pāpori.

mutunga

Ahakoa nga hapa, me te faaino ataahua o te tahi mau haapiiraa o tona ariā, Lombrozo Chezare - tetahi o nga pūtaiao nui o te rautau tekau mā iwa. Ko ia he pionie i roto i te whakataki o te pūtaiao ture o tikanga whāinga. Otiia i hoatu tona mahi he hiringa nui ki te whanaketanga o te hinengaro ture, me te mātauranga taihara.