St. Theodore Ushakov haurongo

I whanau te heke mai Admiral Fyodor Ushakov i runga i February 13 1745 tau. Ko ia te toru o nga tama a nga tiaki Musketeers - e haere mai i te utuafare pai tawhito. Matua Fedor Ignatevich Ushakov i tona tamarikitanga i mahi, engari e kore ia i te whakahaere ki te hanga i te mahi. I roto i te 1747 mutu ia ki te paetukutuku o te haihana, a noho ana i te ora i whanganga ano rangatira iti ata (ko ia e pā ana ki te 30 kaimahi). whanau Future Saint Fyodor Ushakov i roto i te kainga iti Burnakovo e no ki tona papa.

tau wawe

ka Kapariera tuakana o te tamaiti Kāpene o Dragoons, te tahi atu, Stepan, i whakatairangatia ana ki rūtene anake. faaoti Fedor ki hono to ratou oraraa ki te kaipuke. Hoki te tangata taitama o tona mana, ko reira he pai rawa rerekē. I whakaaro nga rangatira ratonga moana pakeke rawa me te mana. I tua atu, kihai i te heke mai Saint Fyodor Ushakov rerekē hauora rino, me te kaha nānā. tauārai tinana, Heoi, kihai i ia wehi.

Ka tomo te Marine Cadet Corps, timata Ushakov ki ako i te maimoatanga o te pū, me te repo, he ako taipitopito o te hoahoanga tauamoana. i mahi ia ākonga raumati. I runga i nga mau haapiiraa o Saint Fyodor Ushakov heke mai waia ki enei manuao. I ia kaiako faahiahia me kaiakopono, tae atu i te hero o te pakanga o Chesma me Admiral Gregory Spiridov heke mai. I roto i te 1764-1765 gg. rere Ushakov i Kronstadt ki te kakai, me ki te motu o Gotland, a i roto i 1766 i tukua e ia i te tinana, a puhia i te whakamana.

Tino hohoro timata reira tetahi whawhai Russian-Turkish (1768-1774 gg.). I whakatairangatia ana Future Saint Fyodor Ushakov ki rūtene, a ko te whakarite ki te tonga i roto i te kaipuke Azov-Don, whakahaua e Rear Admiral Aleksey Senyavin. whakatakotoria atu te rangatira i Pavlovsk. I reira i roto i Azov i ia ki te huna i te pākahiko māngi (i meatia).

War me te rangimarie

I roto i 1772, te toa tapu tika Feodor Ushakov meinga te rangatira tuatahi o te kaipuke. Ko he manuao iti "Courier". Boat tiaki te Strait o Kerch, Feodosia me kauhoe i roto i Taganrog. Te tau i muri mai, i raro i te whakahau o Ushakov i kaipuke shestnadtsatipushechnye "Modon" me "moana". cruised Kooti haere tika nohoia hōia Russian Crimea me te ope hipoki e te hōia Turkish. I muri i te whawhai, ki te tangata tapu a muri Ushakov Fedor Fedorovich i whakawhiwhia te ana'iraa o te rūtene-rangatira, ka oho ki St Petersburg.

I roto i nga tau o te āpiha rangimarie mahi wā i roto i te pane. I roto i te 1780 th i whakaritea e ia rangatira o te parahutihuti marae. I whakamarie mo nga mea katoa o careerists tenei tūranga. Kei muri ki te Empress auraa ki te whai i te tupono o whiwhi ki te ora marae, noho i roto i te kirīmi o te hapori St Petersburg. Ko te tika toa tapu e kore e Feodor Ushakov titau ki taua ahuareka fakamāmaní Here. Kia ano, haere kaipuke tukua ki a ia mo te hotoke, ka ui ia ki te matenga o te kaipuke Ivan Chernyshev iriti i te reira ki te kaipuke ngā.

I te pakiaka o te Black Moana Fleet

I te 35 tau ka Fedor Ushakov te rangatira o "Victor" tama'i. I runga i tenei kaipuke i te matua hoia o Rear Admiral Yakova Suhotina haere ia i runga i te ope i te moana nui. I tatari te āpiha mo tona hokinga hua muri (riro ia te ao o te rangatira tāupe tuarua). Te kore te maumauria wā i runga i hararei tika ki a ia, whai wāhi Ushakov i whakamātautau o kaipuke hou, peia ratou i Reval ki Kronstadt. Ko te wa whakamutunga i mua i te whati roa rere ia i runga i te Moana Baltic i te raumati o 1783, i muri i nei e ia whakangaueuetia ki te Moana Black.

A, no te kitea te tapu tika Fedor Ushakov ia i roto i Kherson, te wahi i mahi ai ia i roto i te hanga o kaipuke, patua te pa i te taha o te urutā o te whiu. i te rangatira ki te faaite i tona rōpū, ka hoatu te kapa i roto i te taratahi. I roto i te 1784, ka he hēramana mātanga te rangatira o te paetukutuku tuatahi. Hoki whawhai angitu ki te whiu, i whakawhiwhia e ia te Order o St. Vladimir tohu 4-th.

I maoro whakarewahia Fyodor te tama'i "St. Paora" ka haere mai ki a ia i roto i te turanga Sevastopol Moana Black Fleet hou hanga. Na, riro te tauranga hou Ua monohia, arsenals, warehouses, pa me nga whare rangatira '. A, no te pae hopea mutu te hanga o Sevastopol, ka haere mai te pa te Empress Catherine II me ona hoa, te Austria Hiha Hohepa II. Ushakov hoki ona whakatutukitanga i uru ki te Empress, a noho tahi ia ki te tepu kotahi.

whakamātautau hōu

kihai i haere ahau Turkish Sultan Abdul Hamid ki te hoatu ki nga whakaora tata o ringa Russian (tae atu i te mharahara o Crimea) ake. whakaturia ana e ia i roto i ki te hoki atu ki te kūrae. Kaua e whai wa ki te tiki whakamahia ki nga heramana o te Black Moana tāruru i Sevastopol, kia rite ki te timatanga o te whawhai Russian-Turkish muri (1787-1791 gg.).

I roto i te pakanga tuatahi i taua pakanga Ushakov i runga i te "St. Paora" me te maha atu kaipuke i rokohanga e te tupuhi e mura. tupu te kino e tata ana Varna. Kua ngaro "St. Paora" he rewa a paea mo ona matara te rawhiti ki te rohe Abkhazian hoariri. Otiia kihai i taea e tenei kino motuhia he taua ariki pūmanawa, rite St. Fyodor Ushakov. ki tonu o tauira o mahi, me te mahi whakatakotoria haurongo Poto o te rangatira rongonui ko. Na tenei wa reira e kore te Murua ake. Ko te rangatira me tona kapa whakahaere ki te whakaturia ki runga ki nga toenga o te rewa me rā hou ki te hoki mai te kaipuke ki Sevastopol.

Hōngongoi 14, 1788 i reira ko tetahi whawhai e pā ana ki te moutere o Fidonisi (hoki e mohiotia ana ko te tarakona) - te whawhai manuao nui tuatahi o te whawhai. ka tango ahau wahi i roto i taua mea, a Fyodor Ushakov. Ko Tapu Russian Siu Ekalesia i te mua o kaipuke whawhai hoki te whakaekenga tuatahi o nga Turkey. i angitu Black Moana Fleet. pakaru frigates shooting kaha, me te tika i te tino nui Turkish. matua hoia hoariri i mahue te parekura. I muri i tenei hinga, nga Turkey kore i painga i roto i te Moana Black, a ngaro te whai wāhi ki te hanga i te tauranga i runga i te rohe Crimean. Hoki tona whai nui ki te wikitoria i te Snake Island Ushakov hanga ki te admiral muri.

te pakanga o Kerch

te whawhai i muri Fedora Ushakova (Kerch manuao whawhai) i tū Hōngongoi 8, 1790. I tenei wa i te admiral i whakahau o te matua hoia katoa, te whakatau i te hoariri Turkish ropu. I pū painga te hoariri. Turkey i te meneti tuatahi tuku te ahi e mura i runga i te Vanguard o te matua hoia Russian. i te tahi mea akiaki ki te whakahē i tēnei patunga. tei te whakatau i runga i te tangata kotahi, a ko taua tangata Admiral muri Fyodor Ushakov. wehea Tapu tika Warrior frigates paruparu a katia ratou rarangi, tino rerenga ki te faaora o te Vanguard tiakina, whakahaua e Brigadier Gabriel Golenkin kaipuke.

Ki te he torutoru nekeneke whakahaere Ushakov ki kukume kaipuke te Turkish o mono-admiral. i kaipuke hoariri ki tika i waenganui i nga rārangi Russian, me te whiwhi i raro i te kuru pu repo ahi mātotoru. Na ka haere a Ushakov, ko wai i runga i te tino nui "Kirihimete", tahi ki te toenga o te matua hoia ki te maungārongo ki a Turkey.

whawhati kaipuke hoariri, a hinga. Mai i te hinga whakamutunga o ratou ake ora anake i te humarie, me te'oi'oi. faaite Kerch te whawhai manuao tino matatau me te ahi whakangungu o kaumoana Russian. I muri i tetahi atu hinganga o nga Turkey anga ki te māharahara e pā ana ki te haumaru o ake ratou whakapaipai Istanbul.

Tendra

e kore e haere Fyodor Ushakov i ki okioki i runga i to tatou tatü, a tangohia ake ana te whakahaere o te mahi moana hou nui. August 28, 1790 tona matua hoia, arā, o 36 kaipuke, ohorere patua te kaipuke Turkish (36 kaipuke hoki) kua ki te whakahere i waenganui Tendra matahao me Gadzhibeem. Hohenga Rear Admiral kei i runga i te rohe o te itoito, me te whakawhirinaki-whaiaro. Ko te Turkey i roto i te taurite tau o te kaipuke tama'ii tino mōrearea i 9 i runga i hoatu e ano ratou i te painga i pū (1360 pū ki te iti i runga i 800).

Otiia, ko reira te itoito wairangi o te kaipuke Russian arahina te hoariri ki te whakama. Nga Turkey, i te noa'tu o te painga i tau, rite ki te hoki whakamuri, kua haere atu nga kaipuke mo te tawhiti nui. Ka rite ki tūmanakohia, i muri i te hiku Ottoman, i i roto i te tūranga rawa whakaraerae. Katahi Vice-Admiral mea Bey, e whakahau te matua hoia, faaoti ia ki te haere ki te faaora o marae puhoi. Ka rite ki te hua o tona kaipuke "Kapudanie" ki "Meleki Bahri" i karapotia. whawhai tino mate nga Turkey, engari i patua. I muri i te toto i runga i "Christmas" haere mai nui Prince me te tino o te Empress Grigory Potemkin. I tona kupu, whakawhiwhia Catherine II Ushakov te Order o tohu 2 nd o St. George (anga ke ki te whakarerenga iho, i runga i nei i homai te tohu ki te rangatira anake rarangi teitei).

hoki Fyodor ki Sevastopol, engari e kore e hoki te roa. I roto i te Oketopa, i runga i nga whakahau o Potemkin Rear Admiral ka mau ake ia te taupoki o te kaipuke whakawhiti hoenga matua hoia Turkish, i mahara ki te tiki i runga i te Tanupi. I muri i te mahi o te mangai o te awa i mahara ki te paroro te te pa nui Ottoman Kilia ko Izmail. I rite te mahi. Ua tauturu mahi a Ushakov te ope ki te hopu i te pa rautaki i runga i te rohe Moana Black. Te nuinga taiea Alexander Suvorov, tona Mokoia o Izmail me tenei ra kua whakaaro tetahi o nga ohofi hūtoto i roto i te aamu hōia o te taata nei.

Kaliakria

Na, i roto i Istanbul, huringa o te kaha. Muri e Abdul Hamid ahau Selim III i e ngoikore angitu Russian o te moana, me nga taiepa o Ihimaera, engari ka mau kahore whakatau ki te takoto ki raro ringa. Ka rite ki te hua, i roa te wahi i te mutunga o te pakanga, a ka tangohia e te whawhai manuao whakamutunga o te whawhai wahi Hōngongoi 31, 1791.

I runga i te eve o te kaipuke Ottoman hāngai tata Varna, a ka ahu ki te mātārae (hou Bulgaria). Na ohorere patua e ia te matua hoia Russian raro i te whakahau a Fedora Ushakova. i tangohia nga Turkey i te ohorere. kihai i rite ki te whawhai no te mea o te hararei mai o Ramadan etahi o ratou kaipuke. Otiia, i piri nga Otomení i ngā i roto i te puka o te corsairs Tunisian me Algerian.

Mai i nga meneti tuatahi o te whawhai Ushakov, kahore ngaro te kau, ka ahau tata ki te hoariri. Hoki te nekeneke o ona kaipuke kapi ake i roto i tīwae toru. Ko te nuinga o painga i roto i ngā o te pehipehi tenei āhuatanga. Nga Turkey, ka ako o te ahua o te kaipuke Russian tīmata i roto i te hohoro ki te tapahia te taura, ka rere. tuki rave rahi kaipuke ki ia atu, i te mea he aha kaha ake ara te aitua me arepurepuraa.

tetahi atu wikitoria

Ko te mua matua hoia Turkish ki te tino nui Algerian. Tenei kaipuke, me te maha kaipuke tamata ki circumnavigate te tāruru Russian. te kitenga o te wā Fyodor te hoariri nekeneke. ka haere mai tona kaipuke "Kirihimete" atu, a haere ana ki te haukoti wae hoariri. haere mai tenei whakatau rite he ohorere hoki ia me te hoki ētahi atu. E ai ki nga whakarerenga iho, me ngā ture tohia, i te rangatira ki te noho i roto i te ngakau o te tikanga o te whawhai, i reira ki te ara māmā te whakahaere i te akoranga o te whawhai. Heoi, i te taime faufaa roa, ka i tĭtĭ ko te whakarau o te tutukinga, faaoti Ushakov ki te wahia te plug i runga i te tikanga whakapumautia. Tona kaipuke ahi tika pere tino nui Pasha Algerian. i te kaipuke ki te hoki whakamuri hoki.

I muri i te i hanga te katoa Black moana Fleet kua hoa ki nga Turkey, a i roto i te pakaru hoa o te whawhai a ratou. Kua puta te tino nui o te "Kirihimete" i roto i te pokapū o te tāruru Ottoman. i pakaru aroraa mano o te ātete a te hoariri. tangohia ana ano Turkey ki rere.

Opuahia, i te taua ra, 31 Hōngongoi, i whakaritea he rangaawatea. ako Fyodor Ushakov e pā ana ki mutu te whawhai i runga i August 8. Tenei rongo Rear Admiral riro i Field Marshal Nikolai Repnin. mutu te reira ki te pakanga matua Ushakov ora, tahuti ore a hipoki ki te kororia o tona ingoa. Ko te wa ki te hoki mai te kāinga.

hahaereraa Mediterranean

I muri i te mutunga o te Russian-Turkish te whawhai i muri o Fyodor Ushakov i 1790-1792 gg. mahi ia kia rite ki te rangatira o te Black Moana Fleet. Na, ko te āhuatanga i runga i te atamira ao noho kukū. kua piri Russia te whakakotahitanga anti-French, korero atu ki te ati mo nga monarchies momo o te revolution. Tenei nekehanga kaupapa ke hanga e Catherine II. Heoi, i roto i te 1796, ka mate ia. Tana tama a Paora tonu ahau i te akoranga kaupapa here ke o te whaea. I te 1798 ka whakaritea ia rangatira Fedora Ushakova Mediterranean matua hoia, me te tau i muri mai i hanga i tona admiral.

I roto i te rangatira pakanga whakamatauria e ia ia kia rite ki te ā ngingila e kore anake, engari ano hoki i rite te takawaenga tino. I mauhaa i roto i te hanga o te Hellenic Republic raro i te Kaitiaki o Turkey me Russia ia, whai wāhi ia i roto i te whawhai mo te whakaoranga o te Islands Ionian me Itari i te French. arahina Admiral Tapu Fyodor Ushakov te pā o Genoa me mua. I muri āwhina hoa i roto i te Admiral whakakotahi anti-French ki tona matua hoia hoki ki Sevastopol.

tau tata nei me te taonga tuku

I roto i 1802, te toa tapu Admiral Fyodor Ushakov ka mau whakahau o te hurirere Baltic Fleet, ka i whakaritea e ia upoko o nga whakahau manuao St Petersburg. I te tau o 62 tau, mutu rangatira. noho ia i roto i te kawanatanga Tambov, wahi hokona e ia he whenua iti. Here kitea e ia te Pakanga Patriotic o 1812. ko Tambov kawanatanga i roto i te hiahia o te rangatira o te nuu faehau. whiriwhiria e ia Fyodor Ushakov. Tapu Russian Siu Ekalesia, rihaina tika ki te mate.

Kua oti rawa te admiral tawhito ia te ora fakalotu haehaa, me te aroha. Ia maha tae mai te kei kore matara i tona wahi Sanaksar Monastery. mate Admiral i runga i Oketopa 14, 1817 i roto i tona kainga Alekseevka i te rohe o te käwanatanga hou o Mordovia. I tanumia nga pukahu o te tapu, me te tika toa Feodor Ushakov i te taiepa o te ohu whakapono Sanaksar.

Fakataha ki Admiral Nakhimov ko reira te rangatira hōia o te Navy tohu Russian o te kororia. I roto i nga pa maha i roto i tona kororia he urupa ranei ara ko. I roto i te 1944, whakatūria te Soviet Union Ushakov mētara, a i roto i 1953 e hāngai ana i runga i tona haurongo hanga he kiriata "Ships Mokoia i te Bastions".

Ahakoa te meka e kua riro matarohia i roto i te repressions wā Soviet ki te hahi, a ka katia Sanaksar Monastery, i ora urupa Admiral. I muri hinga te Soviet Union, a i taea ki te ora i te ROC, whakaarahia te pātai i pā ana ki te canonization o te rangatira manuao rongonui. I runga i te ringa kotahi, i rongonui rite he āpiha nui ia, ka i te tahi atu i te ringa, ka anga ki te arahi i te ora fakalotu haehaa i roto i te tau tawhito. I roto i te 2001, i te whakatau o te Siu Ekalesia Russian taimí he toa hou - Fyodor Ushakov. ka Saint, kua puritia nei pukahu i tenei ra i roto i Sanaksar Monastery, he ahua kore manuao noa engari ano o te haamoriraa.