Soviet kawe kaimahi Armoured BTR-152: Whakatakotoranga

Ko te raruraru o kawe kaimahi i muri i te Pakanga II o te Ao hohonu hoha'a katoa bureaus hoahoa Soviet, a rawa te Whakahaua High. I runga i wheako mua, ko reira kitea ai te whakamahi mō tenei whakaaro taraka tikanga taihara noa, mai taea te tonoa e tetahi oku, rererangi huaki hoariri ara ahi ranei i ringa iti ki te warewaretanga tari katoa. Ko reira ki te whakamārama o enei whakaaro huritao, me te tuatahi matarohia kawe kaimahi Armoured BTR-152.

Anuhe wira ranei?

A e kore he mangere tenei pātai, ara tenei ra. Te tīmatanga kihai i te wheako o to tatou kaihoahoa i tetahi, kawea rangahau i roto i roto i ngā tohutohu e rua. Tuatahi riro tatou tatarahapa ara: moni enei mihini tona ripeka, i taea e whakairi ratou he rota o te patu. Otira i reira i te tahi mau raruraru.

Tuatahi, ko te whīwhiwhi o te whakangungu mō te rehe, taraiwa o taua taputapu i tiketike, me te iti iho ki te mea te ako mō ngā taraka. Pūkaha hōia rite i te tuatahi he puranga o ngā hōia, ka whakangungu kua he maha nui taua o ngaio tino mohio, kua raruraru. I tua atu, uesia reira te wheako tōraro o te Pakanga nui Patriotic.

Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki te logistics. Aroturuki waka Armoured, ara kia rite ki tātai tuatahi i ki te pau i te iti rawa 1/3 atu wahie, a ki te titiro koutou i runga i te ringa whanaunga ki te taimaha, a tae noa atu. Me pēhea te ki te kawe mai ki runga i te diesel mvssu i roto i te pakanga nui hou?

I tua atu, ko te mahinga te wira o te mīhini māmā ki te whakahaere, hanga, me te whakanao, te ora mahi o ratou nui atu. Heoi, he ngāwari ngā ki te hanga tere enei APCs, i ki waka aroturuki taua whakatau crank i te rota uaua. I hanga te whiriwhiri, a ki te marama i te 152-APC.

Tīmata o te whanaketanga

Kua i roto i te tīmatanga o 1946, whakarewahia te whakato i VMS whenua zis-151 waka. Ano, ko te wheako o tau o mua, te motokā i tuatahi hanga whänuitanga, ōrite pai hāngai mō te whakamahi i roto i te ōhanga motu, a i roto i te ope patu. I maoro, ua ite kaihoahoa e tupu anake tino ao i roto i tales patupaiarehe me moe, a na arotahi i runga i te rangahau i roto i te mara o te taraka pono ope, i riro taupū "Object-140".

mihini whakamahia i te paerewa zis. Hoki kua reira kua tono i te anga, me te, i runga i te rāpopototia 385 mm. Ko tenei ara iahiko kaihoahoa tahora whakamahia ki toru kakau. Rerekē te tauira taketake i whakamahia rite te haere whakatārewatanga whānui, me te ake kaha, i whakaputa me whakapakaritia puna.

Whakatakotoranga mauiui

Tires - ki matau rahi, me te kaha e whakarato nui ake uruhanga o tata tetahi momo o te oneone, i roto i tetahi rangi, me tikanga makariri.

riro Tires ki te whakamahi i anake te pēhanga iti (4 kg / cm ^3). Hoki piriti katoa te tono he ara kotahi. Ātete ki te kino (tae atu i roto i matā) kaihoahoa i whakaritea tuatahi ki te kia tutuki te whakamahi i te pūnaha ki te ruma e rua ka eke ngā pūrere centralized pamû ratou i runga i te haere. takoha te tonu ki te 152 APCs taea tango hōia i te wahi kino ki te tere mōrahi o te pūkaha mīhini ki 118-122 rita. he. (Whai uara, engari e kore e nui ake 110 l. C.).

āhuatanga Main o te mīhini

momo kawe, ka paiherea i te mau api patu, ko tona matotoru ko 6, 8, 10, me te 13 mm - casing. E te tokonga whakaaro me te kouma o te whawhai frontal whakamutunga taea "pupuri" patu matā 12.7 mm. Engine wehenga - i roto i mua o te mīhini, kei te kōwae mana i muri i te reira. Ka rite ki te BTR-40, ū i te kokoru o tenei kōwae i kei roto i te hoki, ka ko tino tuwhera i te tihi.

Hoki te tiaki i te puehu mahino me te rerenga whakamahia tarpaulin tango. kawea whakaekenga kaipuke me taunga i roto i roto i te kuwaha i te hoki o te rūnanga. I roto i te wahi mua i reira e rua nga tatau i roto i i piki ki te taraiwa motokā me te hōia pū.

whaiaro hua korero APC

He whārangi patu mua he ārai hanga-i roto i, whakahaere i te arotake huna o noho mo te waka. tapoko Manholes i roto i ngā āhuatanga whawhai kati potae ki fakahū o Armoured konatunatua, karaihe matā-tohu. Ko te hanganga o nga patu kaimahi o whaiaro 152-Armoured kawe kaimahi ngā: 7,62 mm SG-47 (mīhini pū pūnaha Goryunova), i muri i whakakapi e SGM. I roto i te wā e rua, nui te rōrahi o te paura kotahi mano rauna o matā.

taea te eke te patu ki runga ki tetahi o nga ringa i nga i ia taha (e rua nga wahi i ia). Ano i roto i te taha i reira ko kotahi he ono loopholes a tawhio, te whakamahi i nei, i taea e te waka te ahi i pū whaiaro. Kawenga mō te kōrero reo irirangi ngā pakari, me te ngāwari 10-PT-12.

Irava o te whakamātautau kāwanatanga, whakatau ki runga

Tuatahi BTR-152, e kua he whakaahua i roto i te tuhinga i haere i runga i te tamataraa i roto i te tīmatanga o 1947. I te wa ano "whakataetae" toru raupapa production mihini. Ko te hua whakamātautau te opuaraa pai o nga kawe kaimahi Armoured hou whakapumautia. I roto i ngā, he tino pai ki taua o te GAZ-63 tona uruhanga. I runga i te huarahi i taea e te waka whakatere tonu ki te 80-85 km / h. E toru nga tau i muri mai, kua te tauira APC-152 rawa haere wāhanga whakamatautau katoa, i mana hoatu te motokā ki mahi o te Army Soviet.

Putanga me te ao hou, muri

waka Armoured whakaputaina i te tipu VMS. I roto i te whānui, whakaae katoa i runga i te whakaaro i whakahaere nga kaihoahoa ki te waihanga i tētahi motokā tika ohie, engari rawa pono e te mea tino pai mo te whakaaro. O te akoranga, kua ana mea etahi tōnounou. Hei tauira, ko ngā ngoikore tona mātotoru mana, me te uruhanga (ka rite ki waka aroturuki) kihai i tae te pai. Ko tenei mea katoa.

kawea te ao hou, o te BTR-152 i roto i muri, i muri nei i te mīhini i te B. taupū whāngai tenei putanga i roto i 1955, me i te wa ano whakarewahia reira ki production papatipu. Ko te rerekētanga matua i te tauira taketake i wāhanga, me huihui i nga whenua ZIL-157 taraka katoa, e na reira i whakakapi i te ZIL-151 i runga i te raina wheketere whakaminenga. Heoi, ko te taone matua o tenei mīhini, ko te ki te tāuta pai ake, pūnaha "matatau" rangi pikinga centralized o te tupare (12.00 x 18).

i tino nui haere Patency me whawhai te toitü o Armoured kawe kaimahi i te wa ano. I te pae hopea, 152 Armoured kawe kaimahi (Soviet kawe kaimahi Armoured) kua riro te samovytaskivaniya wīra huri kaha, nui whakamāmā i te ora o tona taraiwa. , Nei puta i 1957, te whakarerekētanga o te B1, riro ano he putanga hou o te pūnaha mauiui pikinga pokapū, i pai nei tiaki i taea kino. I te pae hopea, kua riro te motokā te reo irirangi hou P-113, he nui ake pono.

whakarerekētanga Mutunga

Tata i roto i te wā kotahi i te Armoured kawe kaimahi anga ki te hoatu moemoea i te po TVN-2, me i roto i te kokoru tauranga te hopea whakawera pūnaha e tonu mauruuru nga hoia Trans-Baikal Military District. I roto i te 1959, i runga i ringa rere rangatū Soviet BTR-152K, te rerekētanga nui i ko te aroaro o te tuanui, me te whakapau Armoured tahi noa.

He tuanui Ko te tino pai pānga i runga i te haumaru o te taunga. I roto i te mau rave'a e rave rahi, i tika ki te putanga o patu NATO patu karihi i roto i ngā rerekētanga rerekē te whakamahi o taua te otinga whai hua.

Ko te huringa tino nui o te whakarerekētanga whakamutunga

Tuatahi, kua nui haere tonu te teitei tinana ki te 300 mm. Ko te roa katoa o te tuanui i reira ko te pao katia e te mau api patu. Ki te uhi nui i māmā ki te whakatuwhera, kua tuhia e ratou ki te pae torsion. tatau Emergency kei i te muri o te mīhini, ki runga reira eke te wira manawapa te. kua Runga ake te nohoanga o te atekōkiri kua mahi paki motuhake hiahiatia mo te tāutanga o te pūrere moemoea i te po TVN-2.

Ka rite ki i roto i ngā putanga tōmua, i te kawe kaimahi Armoured wha taiapa mō te whakapuru pū mīhini, engari enei i tāuta i runga i nga taha o te tāpiritanga ko kore te take, engari tika i runga i te tuanui. I roto i te tūranga o patu taea mahi he SGMB tauira FCT ranei. tūranga hōia pū Ko tika i runga i te tari mana. Me kï reira e ko te tikanga kowaiwai o pu etahi o nga waka Armoured.

Rerekē rerekētanga mua, kihai i tenei hōia BTR-152 i nohoanga mo te waka tāuta tika i runga i te tihi o nga tāke wahie. No te mea o tenei te maha o Heketau maturuturu iho, engari tino nui haere whawhai te toitü o te mīhini. I tua atu, kua kitea kaupapa i roto i te hoahoa o te pūkaha, kua riro nei i te matenga konumohe puoto.

Te hanga i te tāuta pū whaiaro-tīhokatia

Ko tenei tauira te tuatahi, me te whakamutunga i roto i te Ope Soviet ia faaohipa i te tikanga, i runga i i hanga e pū mīhini motuhake whaiaro-tīhokatia. Ko te tauira tuatahi, te BTR-152A (ZTPU-2), kua timata ki te whakaputa i roto i 1950, tata tukutahi ki te tuku o te kawe kaimahi Armoured. Mana, i hoatu tenei tikanga ki roto ki te mahi i roto i te tau 1951.

Otiia i roto i te tau 1952, i runga i te whakamātautau kāwanatanga haere mai pono "taniwha" ZTPU-4 (e rua takirua KPVT, he katoa wha oko ërä 14.5 mm o). Kariri o tenei mīhini ko 2000 matā. Kua hangarau firepower kua faahiahia, engari ko te tino uaua ki te ako, tākare hoki o nga tikanga o ā-whai i te tāutanga hōia e kore e meinga.

Hanga tenei kōwhiringa ko te torutoru noa kape, tangohia "Purangi" kore tangohia i. Hea angitu ko te zu-23 ërä 23 mm, me te mana mīhini motuhake BTR-152U, he āhuatanga motuhake o e ko te tinana ki te teitei tino nui haere. mahi tenei i roto i te tikanga ki te uru i roto i te taputapu te rōrahi ā-nui.

I teie mahana, te BTR-152 ki te tiaki e rongonui i roto i ngā kaikohikohi taonga me te pā o taputapu hōia, me te tangata hanga ratou waka motuhake hangaia ki te haere i runga i te hopu me te hī.