Sharaf Rashidov: haurongo, whakaahua, me te whānau

Sharaf Rashidov tata te rau hauwhā, arahina e te Party Communist o Uzbekistan. I waenganui i te kimi ia ia i roto i te mana, kua ite tenei käwanatanga Āhia Central he pua o tona ōhanga me te ahurea whakawhanakehia tere. Otiia i te wa ano i hanga katoa-i karapoti a pirau o te pūnaha whakahaere-whakahau ki te Uzbek hā ahurei, arahina e i te ingoa i te reira i muri i Rashid.

Origin me te tamarikitanga

Hea timata ia haere o tona ora Sharaf Rashidov? ka anga tona haurongo i roto i 1917 i roto i te pa o Jizzakh. Ko te tikanga, kua korerotia i te reira e, i whanau ia ki te whānau kaiahuwhenua. Otiia i roto i nga tangata ite ore o te pa o Jizzakh, i aua ra, atu rite te kainga, tu Rashidovs whānau i roto i mo tona keno ki te mātauranga: tokorima katoa o ana tamariki, tae atu Sharaf, ako i roto i te wā-tau whitu rohe. Otiia ko reira te waenganui o te 20, i haere i te whenua Basmachi rōpū, te mana o Ihirama, ko unquestioned he mullah rohe. Otiia te āhua, e kore i roto i te noa, hanga nga mua ratou revolution, ki te ara i roto i te koraha mātotoru e unu iwi ki te matauranga.

To'u Tupú me tau o ako

I muri i te-tau e whitu ko Sharaf Rashidov i te kura whakangungu i te kaiako '. tau kotahi me te hawhe o te ako o te tikanga whakaako, me i te 18, ka e ia he kaiwhakaako o te kura nui. Kei te ngaro ngā kaiako i roto i ngā wāhi tuawhenua, e te mea he, e whakaako ana i roto i to ratou i pai ai, marena me ora rite katoa a tawhio noa, engari e hiahia ana te taata ataahua roroa te tahi mea atu. haere ana ia ki Samarkand me tomo te Faculty o State University.

Ka rite ki te ākonga, Sharaf Rashidov wā tuhi whiti, te tuhi kōrero poto. whakaaro ia ratou i roto i te niupepa ā-rohe "ara Leninsky". I muri i te ia i tangohia e ia ki te āhua o te whakaputanga matua o Samarkand. Ko he tika nūpepa ki te aruaru i te pakarutanga o te whawhai.

Whai wāhi i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao

I roto i te Noema 1941, i muri i te akoranga whakatere o ako i te Infantry kura Frunze, he āpiha tōrangapū teina, kua tonoa Sharaf Rashidov ki te Kalinin mua. e kore ia horahia e pā ana ki tona mua hōia. I teie mahana e nehenehe tatou e kite he aha. I muri i te katoa, he aha te Kalinin Front? Kei te matua whawhai tenei mo te whakakorenga o te Rzhev salient, takirua mīhini kai whakapehapeha, i patua ki runga ki te miriona hoia Soviet me kore kua te whāinga kua tutuki.

I whakawhiwhia Rashidov Sharaf Rashidovich āpiha tōrangapū te Order o te Kara Whero, a ka werohia i roto i 1943, i te rahui pera kāore mō te mahi anō.

mahi rōpū

hoki āpiha tōrangapū faatuhaahia-tau 26-tau ki tona niupepa Samarkand taketake. I te mutunga o nga 40s ko ia he kairīpoata ki te ingoa, e ngana ana ki te kitea ratou i roto i te mahi tuhituhi, engari kua mohiotia te pai ana rotarota me ngā kōrero. Tona tīmatanga ki inarā whakatairanga i te raina rōpū. Tuatahi, riro ia tiamana o nga Writers 'Union o Uzbekistan. O te akoranga, ko reira te tari i whakaritea. Vahe auraa reira te oraraa o te whakawhirinaki i roto i Rashidov i Uzbekistan, me nga porowhita kaiārahi uniana.

Maoro ka te kaituhi-tau 33-tau Tiamana o te Presidium o te Kaunihera Hupirimi o Uzbekistan. I roto i te USSR mua, kahore tetahi i taua te wawe tau kihai i mau i te taua tūranga teitei i roto i te hanganga o te kaha.

I roto i te Maehe 1959, ka tonoa te rīhainatanga te hekeretari tuatahi o te Pāti Communist o Uzbekistan Sabir Kamalov. E te wa ko Rashidov kua waia ki Nikitoy Hruschevym, a i taea ki te oaoa i. Na reira, i runga i te kupu tohutohu i Moscow ki te pou o te matenga o te käwanatanga o te Komiti Central o te Uzbek Communist Party ka kōwhiri te reira pokapū a ia.

I te matenga o Uzbekistan

Sharaf Rashidov, te mahi o nei ka mau tuatahi wahi i raro i te te tirotiro mataara o te kaiārahi uniana me fakatāutaha Nikity Hruscheva, i i titiro rite te fakaetangatá, hapu Uzbek kore-tuku iho tupu ārahi paparanga o manga rerekē o te ōhanga, hokohoko, me te mahi ā-iwi. riro Rashidov kua tino he kaupapa here kaimahi taurite, e kore karapotia ia ki te tauira o mua, whanaunga me teina, tamata ia ki te tiki iwi ki tūranga kaiārahi i runga i te kaiaka. Ahakoa te tapatahi ore o tenei ra, me te taunakitanga o teie mau parau tumu, te mea i roto i Central Asia i reira he taone.

Rashidov rite te mata o te Soviet Te Tai Rāwhiti

Young (ko ia e papaki ana 42 tau), mātauranga, ataahua upoko ahua o te käwanatanga Muslim Soviet pai kehe tokomaha o ana hoa i - bureaucrats rōpū. Kei te maiohatia te reira i roto i Moscow. Mema o te Politburo o te CPSU Komiti Central Artem Mikoyan, ko tona mahi i ki whakapumautia whanaunga ki te whenua o te Te Tai Rāwhiti, karangatia tonu Rashidov i roto i to ratou haerenga tāwāhi ki India, Iran, Iraq. Rashidovich Sharaf He, i mohio nei ki nga mai me omanga o te peu rawhiti i te kāinga. I roto i te whakautu ki Tashkent kāwanatanga ke, me te tūmatanui röpü auau.

I roto i te hinga o 1965 i waenganui i India ko Pakistan rohe pakanga whawhati i roto i, i hohoro kino ake ki te whawhai unahi-tonu i roto i nei rererangi me tāke i whakamahia whānui. Tetahi o nga whenua Western rahua ki te kawe i te rōpū e whawhai ana ki te tepu whiriwhiri. Tenei i taea te mahi Rashidov anake, nei whakaritea te hui i roto i Tashkent nga kau taki o nga whenua e rua, i hua i te hainatanga o te Whakapuakanga Tashkent, hoatu he mutunga ki tenei whawhai. Ahakoa ōkawa i roto i te whiriwhiringa i runga i mo o te USSR whai wāhi A. N. Kosygin, ko reira mārama e te takoha matua ki te whakahaere o te hui i hanga reira te rangatira o Uzbekistan.

Rashidov ko Brezhnev

Kua whakawhanakehia whanaunga Rawa mahana i Sharaf Rashidovich Leonid Brezhnev, e pai ana ki te haere mai ki a Tashkent ka Kaua e wareware ki te whakahua i nga hua o to ratou hoa Uzbek i runga i te rōpū tohu i muri. Kei te ngana Rashidov kore ki te ngaro kanohi i mua o te whānui kaituhituhi, i muri fakafalala whanaunga Brezhnev katoa i runga i te pūtea mō ngā kaupapa motu tokomaha. A mo te pūtea o te pokapū i roto i te lepupilika Soviet ko reira he aroraa mau. whakataetae matua o Uzbekistan i roto i tenei whakataetae ko Katatānga, te matenga o e hoa Kunayev ki Brezhnev mai te wa o te hautoa o te wahine.

rapu Rashidov i te moni a Moscow ki te hanga pa hou. I raro i tona kaiārahi i roto i te käwanatanga puta Uchkuduk, Navoi, Zarafshan. tipu hou, me te keri me te hinonga tukatuka i Uzbekistan tata kua rere ia tau.

A, no te ka koura Rashidov Republic. toku nui rawa o te ao Muruntau i hanga mo te hanga o te koura tuwhera poka. I teie mahana, Muruntau koura (neke atu i te 60 taranata ia tau) ko te pūtake mo te pūmautanga pūtea o te whenua.

utua ngā aro Rashidov Sharaf Rashidovich Tashkent. Ko te whakapaipai o Uzbekistan , tamata ia ki te tahuri ki tetahi o nga pa tino ataahua i roto i te Te Tai Rāwhiti. I roto i te pokapū o te pa i hanga katoa 10-15 mita puna, he mīharo, he momo o ngā wāhi matomato. patototanga Utauta mō te hanga tenei kororia katoa i roto o te pokapū uniana ko Sharaf Rashidov. Whakaahua o tona wā o te wawe 80-doma whakaaturia i raro nei.

te koura ma

Ko o te akoranga, te turanga o te ōhanga o Uzbekistan i roto i te wā Soviet miro. Ko te whenua i roto i nga te 70, a hiahiatia wawe 80s he nui nui o kai o tenei tikanga. wheketere pueru me tipu korero kowaowaotia noa i tona kore, na hua miro te whakawhānui tonu, a tahuri te pakanga hauhake ā-tau ki te mahi wiwi motu.

Kei te tonu aki ārahitanga Union i runga i Rashidov, tono hua i roto i te kotinga miro. e kore e tango i tenei maha ki pūkete tetahi huru whāinga pērā i te kore hua, kino rangi, me te pera i runga i. I raro i te riri tamau o whiu mo te kore o mahere mo te supply miro, me te kore hiahia ki te ngaro te mana me te mana, kua whakawhanakehia te whiriwhiri Uzbek haere e Rashidov he tāpiritanga pūnaha katoa, me te falsification o pūkete. āhei te reira mo tetahi, ara he tino pai te kotinga i roto i ki te Centre pūrongo i runga i te whakatinanatanga angitu o mahere, riro te faaitoitoraa e tika ana, utu, me te rapu utu kaupapa motu pūtea hou.

Ko te wāhi matua o tenei pūnaha ko te wā o ngā miro i te tuku o ngā pokapū tohatoha tuku kamupene i roto i te wahi Pākehā o te whenua. Ka rite ki hohoro timata ki te tae i to ratou waka ki te miro, ki a ratou i haere Uzbekistan tuku "faaoti", i kawea te moni mo nga kaiwhakahaere o nga turanga, a kua whakaae kua ratou ki te hinonga-kiritaki e kore te muri e hanga he take ki te, hei utu o te rauemi raw o te kōeke tuatahi Class i II ranei ururua miro haavare.

I tangohia e ratou i te moni? Te USSR i anake te kotahi o ratou pūtake - kaihokohoko. Katoa obkladyvayut ratou takoha, a i roto i te hoki riro taonga i roto i te supply poto, e i taua wa ko Uzbekistan nui i roto i - ratou deliveries ko Rashidov tohu mo te "mahia" o mahere miro supply. Ko te kupu he porohita nanakia o tinihanga, utu, te pirau, ka riddled te hanganga katoa e ki te hapori Uzbek.

take miro

Ko wai ka haere mai ki te kaha muri i te matenga o Brezhnev i 1982, ua faaoti Yuri Andropov ki te hoatu i te mutunga ki te "mafia miro". I te timatanga o 1983 i roto i te Uzbekistan rōpū tūhuratanga i tonoa i Moscow, i timata ki te hopu i te kau taki o nga kamupene hokohoko rohe, kähaki te puna o pūtea mo te pūnaha katoa o te pirau. i mau pu uara nui.

te kitenga o Rashidov e ki huanga nga pukapuka ngaro o te miro e kore e waiho e taea i tēnei tau. Ia heruraa i te tino rerenga i roto i te raumati, me te ngahuru o 1983, puta noa i te whenua, tohe kau taki rohe ki te kitea rahui ki te tuku koura ma, engari o te i fafauhia wawe i roto i te tau Andropov 3 miriona taranata o ngā rauemi mata whakahaere ki te kohikohi 20 anake%. Ite e i roto i te mua o ia ia e tatari ana mo te tika te panaia whakama, me te hāmene taihara, Oketopa 31, 1983 Rashidov, rite ki ana tohinoa J. Nasriddinov, koperea ana e ia te heamana o mua o te Presidium o te Kaunihera Hupirimi.

Sharaf Rashidov: whānau, tamariki

I roto i te Te Tai Rāwhiti, whakahonore ratou uara whānau, ahakoa o te tikanga pāpori, me te tūranga. Kahore he okotahi ki tenei tikanga, me te Sharaf Rashidov. Ko hoa tona utuafare, haapa'o reira ki ngā kōrero tuku iho motu. Tana wahine ko he tauhi'api Hursant Gafurovna tamariki - e wha nga tamahine, me he tama - ko i te kura noa Tashkent. Katoa o ratou e tiaki te mahara atawhai o tona papa tonu.