Rōpū - he rōpū tōrangapū ...: definition, ariā, momo me ngā āhuatanga

Party - tenei ariā e iritihia i Latin tikanga "wahi". Ko te wahi o etahi o te hapori nui. Party - he wā e i mua roa i te putanga o te rōpū i roto i to ratou ahua hakari tohu te rōpū o te iwi. vied ratou ki tetahi ki tetahi ranei i roto i te kāwanatanga ano, i roto i awe i te reira ranei.

Ko te hītori o te putanga o ngā rōpū

Ahakoa i roto i nga whakaaro Kariki onamata, kitea tatou whakahua o ēnei hononga. Aristotle, mo te tauira, i tuhituhi e i Attica i te BC rau 6. e. i reira ko te pakanga i waenganui i nga rōpū tangata o nga maunga, nga mania me te rohe. Nā tēnei, i tenei wa ngā ratou hanganga (tona runga). Party i roto i te anotau Middle ko nga rōpū e i te nuinga o te āhua rangitahi. Kei te mohiotia te reira, mo te tauira, e i roto i nga wharekarakia Ingarangi ko te whawhai i waenganui i te "rōpū" e rua, ara nga rōhi. Heoi, ko te putanga o ratou Momo i roto i te tikanga hou o te kupu e taea anake te korero i te wa o te takaí bourgeois. Ko reira, ki runga ake katoa, e pā ana ki te revolution i Ingarangi i roto i te rau tau 17. Party - he uniana e puta rite ki te hua o te meka e kua whāiti te mahi kāwanatanga absolutist. He ko te tuakiri motuhake nei hiahia ki te whai wāhi i roto i te hapori, ki te whakaawe i te kāwanatanga. I mohio te reira e te mea ture te aroaro o te momo o ngā pānga i roto i te hapori. I muri i taua i reira ko tetahi rōpū tōrangapū. Ko te motuhake tenei taputapu hangaia ki te tohu katoa o te ngākau nuitanga o te iwi i roto i te pūnaha mana.

āhuatanga matua o te rōpū

He he he partologiya pūtaiao motuhake mahi i roto i to ratou akoranga. kihai ano i tae kaipūtaiao tōrangapū he whakaaro e pā ana ki te mea te tikanga he rōpū tōrangapū. Ka taea e anake tatou mahara e i te kau o tona whakamāramatanga whakaaetia whānuitia e kore e tīari. Heoi, ka taea e tatou te whakanui i te āhuatanga tino nui e wehe i te reira i te tahi atu whakahaere tōrangapū. Ko ētahi o ēnei te whai ake:

- te whakahaere ōkawa iti rawa;

- he hōtaka o ngā mahi tahi;

- te aroaro o te mana pāpori ngā, tae atu i te hiahia ki te whakaawe tika te ora tōrangapū, me te he wāhi nui i roto i te pōtitanga, i roto i te faaineineraa o te pakanga pōtitanga;

- he tūranga motuhake i roto i te āhua, tae atu i te hononga ki te āhuatanga o te huarahi tona rōpū whai wāhi i roto i te hanganga me te mahi o te machinery kāwanatanga;

- turanga pāpori;

- he tikanga ture motuhake, e te tikanga e te ture normative o nga mahi o te rōpū, me ona ngā mana ture, me te ture.

Ko te whakamāramatanga whānui o te rōpū

I runga i nga huanga raraunga taea whakarato i tētahi whakamāramatanga whānui. Ko te rōpū - whakahaere tūao tōrangapū, e ngā tangata e whai mana'o noa me ngā ngākau nuitanga, me e whai ana ki te riro te mana tōrangapū ranei ki te whai wāhi i roto i tona whakatinanatanga. Ko te āhuatanga matua wehe i te reira i roto i te tahi atu karapu, nekehanga me ngā rōpū, e whai wāhi ai i roto i te huarahi o te kaha, take ki reira. Ahakoa ko te nui tino tenei āhuatanga, ka taea e te rōpū noho tūranga rerekē i roto i te pā ana ki te kāwanatanga ngā. Hei tauira, kia waiho ratou i roto i te pato'iraa, ke ngāue mo te hurihanga o te tikanga whakapumautia. kia kia whakahaua te pato'iraa e kore anake ki te kore o te kāwanatanga rite te katoa, engari ano hoki ki te kaupapa here o te kāwanatanga o nāianei. kia tango hoki te rōpū wahi i roto i te whakahaere, te kāwanatanga, mahi rite he hoa o te tahi atu rōpū. I tua atu, he reira e taea ki te hanga i te kāwanatanga anake. Party, ka tutuki tenei, i roto i ētahi wā, e whai ana ki te whakapakari i tona heriheri i runga i te mana, i te mo te tikanga o te ture, e ko, te whakakore i te pato'iraa. Kōrero i roto i tenei take ko te pātai o te tāutu i te rōpū ki te āhua.

taumata e toru rōpū

Whakaaro i te hanganga o te kēmu hou, Me ki kia taiea e toru ngā taumata:

1. taumata Rawa - māngai i roto i te pūnaha mana. Te reira i rangatira e mahi ana i roto i te taputapu kāwanatanga, e riro ratou pou e tika ana ki te hononga rōpū: Mema o te Paremete, kawana, peresideni, rōpū tuarua.

2. Ko te taumata i muri - te toharite. Kei roto i tēnei te whakahaere rōpū mōhiohio.

3. Ko te taumata raro - he poraka o ngā kaipōti. Tenei turanga papatipu, e whakarato tautoko mō ngā kaitono o te rōpū i roto i te whakahau pōti. Kia mōhio e hāngai ana e melo i roto i taua rōpū ko atu i runga i te fafauraa whakapuakina. He iti nui te whai wāhi Official - e kore tika ki te whakauru i roto i te rārangi e hāngai ana. Ka taea te tonu Pāti me kore waitohu i te pepa e pā ana.

momo o kēmu

Kia whakaaro tatou nga momo o ngā rōpū tōrangapū. faaite ratou i to ratou turanga wä, te āhua pāpori o te mahi pāpori, me te tūranga matua o te rōpū tōrangapū, te āhua o ona tikanga o te mahi, me te hanganga ā-.

rōpū kaimahi

Ratou, kia rite ki Duverger, i hanga kia rite ki te hua o te kukuwhatanga o ngā karapu tōrangapū. Ratou mahi matua - ki te whakaoreore iwi mana i roto i te takiwa ngā pōti i roto i te tikanga ki te whakarato i te tautoko mo te maha nui o ngā kaipōti e tohu ngā wāhanga o te taupori me te ki rerekē orientations wä. He maha rōpū Pākehā hou ki te takotoranga momo, no ki tenei momo. E āhuatanga ratou e te mema noa, na reira he kore pūnaha o te rēhitatanga o ngā mema, he rārangi o ratou. tuhia hoki enei rōpū te aroaro o takoha auau. I tua atu, he iu to ratou hanganga. kēmu Active o tenei momo faaite ake te nuinga i roto i te pōtitanga. tauira motuhake: te Democratic a Republican Party o te US.

rōpū papatipu

whakatika rōpū Mass rite ki te hua o te Nunui o te Ao. tohu ratou he whakahaere nui ki te nui rawa o te ideologization me hanganga ā-matatini. Ēnei rōpū hanga ko te nuinga te turanga pāpori i te whenei raro o te taupori. Fele e-pāpori, hapori, me te pāpori manapori ratou. E ratou he mema i whakaritea, ako rōpū. E āhuatanga ratou e te nui rawa o te whakahaere. mahi ratou i runga i te pūtake tūturu, kua he taputapu whānui o te mana, me te whānuitanga o ngā rōpū o te rohe. Ko te takotoranga o te rōpū taua - i runga i te kimi o te mau melo hou. Ko te kupu faatiti'aifarohia nga raruraru tōrangapū, me te pūtea. He tauira raima - te Russian Communist Party.

kēmu roto, o waho

hāngai ana tēnei wehenga i runga i te tikanga o te mau melo kimi. E kore te te urunga rōpū tuwhera whakaritea. I roto i tutakina tautukunga mahara ki ōkawa me tikanga: pūkete, tohutohu, whakatau o te kaiārahi rōpū rohe. Ko angamaheni mo te Pāti Communist me ētahi atu rōpū hapori, me te hapori ture tino o fariiraa i roto i te mua. I teie mahana i reira ko te raruraru o te whāiti turanga pāpori. Ko te wahi matua o nga rōpū hei kua tuwhera.

Whakarōpū o wahi i roto i te pūnaha tōrangapū

I runga anō i te aha te huru o te wahi i roto i te pūnaha tōrangapū e te rōpū i roto i rua o ratou ahua.

1. tikanga. A, no te haere mai ratou ki te mana, e haamata te reira ki te kia mohio hōtaka o i hanga te rōpū te kāwanatanga. riro te rōpū te tikanga rite ki te hua o ngā pōtitanga ki te ture o te kāwanatanga. I roto i tenei take, e kore e reira tika kotahi - i reira kia kia maha ngā. I roto i tenei take, nga taha e whakatakoto tikanga ana te hanga i te whakakotahitanga.

2. Ko te rōpū pato'iraa. Enei ko te hunga i patua nei i roto i te pōtitanga whakamutunga kihai i uru ki a ia te tikanga o nāianei ranei. arotahi ratou mahi ratou i runga i te akoranga o te faaino, whakaturia e te kāwanatanga, me te te hanga o ngā hōtaka kē mo te whanaketanga o te hapori. Ka taea te wehea rōpū pato'iraa, i roto i te tahuri, ki te hunga e whai wāhi nui ngā i roto i te ora tūmatanui, me te hunga e kore e nei tākaro reira. Hei tauira, puritia nga pōtitanga peresideniraa 7 Whiringa 2001 i roto i te United States. Ka rite ki te hua, ka e ratou te whakatakoto tikanga ana Party Republican, te pato'iraa (e whai wāhi nui) - Democrats ka i taea ki te whai wāhi nui ngā pā ana ki 20 ngā rōpū pato'iraa. He he ano hoki tetahi atu wehenga. I roto i te wehewehe tika nga rōpū pato'iraa, e whakahaere e i roto i te ture, rēhita; ture; a kahore rāhuitia, engari rēhitatia hoki.

Whakarōpū i te Māoritanga

A Hēnare i, nga momo e whai ake nei:

- wä, tōrangapū, hanga ki runga ki te pūtake o te Māoritanga, pāpori manapori, kominiusi, Fascist, tikanga, ohaoha;

- raruraru-te haamo'eraa, hāngai nei a tawhio noa te take motuhake rōpū ranei (rōpū wahine, rōpū "matomato");

- pōti - mezhideologicheskie, me ngā rōpū ētahi wā kore-wä e whai he huinga o ngā whāinga, ā, e hāngai ana ki te kukume i te tini.

rōpū tōrangapū o te tīmatanga o te rau tau 20, i okioki ai i runga i te Māoritanga. Heoi, kua puta ke tenei ra te āhuatanga. I roto i te Te Hau-ā-uru Pākehā hapori i tenei ra, mona i te Māoritanga tona uara, te mea i mua ko reira he rōpū patu kaha. I roto i to tatou wa, i reira he informatization me puta technocratization superideologiya pūtaiao, rationality me te matauranga. Na reira, rōpū hou i ki te uru ki te taiao hou, e rapu utu i te tūpono tōrangapū nui. Ka rite ki te hua o te vaivai o te Māoritanga, ngā mahi pāpāho kaha, te pānga o hangarau pōti i roto i te pōtitanga o te rōpū, me etahi atu. E ngaro ratou rohe pōti pūmau. Na reira, i roto i te whakaaro o te maha o pūtaiao tōrangapū, hanga to ratou momo hou i roto i Europe Western. Puta rōpū pōti, me te ngaio.

rōpū pōti-ngaio

Ratou āhuatanga motuhake ko te whai. Tenei rōpū o tangata, iti i roto i te tokomaha, e kua whakaakona ki nga pūkenga o te mahi ngaio ki ngā kaipōti pea. I roto i ona mahi, haere tika ratou ki te rohe pōti. I roto i tenei take, te pūtea o enei rōpū i roto i pūtea motuhake me ngā rōpū moni. E āhuatanga ratou i te kaiārahi whaiaro. Tenei te tikanga e matau ia rangatira pehea ko reira te ngākau nuitanga o te rōpū kua hono reira, hoki nei me ki nei ki te mahi. Tenei ahua o te rōpū faahaamana'o "mōhiohio me mutants technocratic", ramming te pūnaha pōtitanga.

I roto i te whakamutunga, te typology o ngā rōpū tōrangapū , ko te pai tikanga rite te katoa. I roto i te meka, Ka taea e whai āhuatanga āhuatanga o ngā momo ia o ratou.